Nursing EducationNCT07861750
Web-Based Gamified Simulation for Teaching Ventrogluteal Injection to First-Year Nursing Students
A study testing Web-Based Gamified Simulation and Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training in people with Nursing Education and Intramuscular Injection, run by Çankırı Karatekin University.
Trial summary
The goal of this study is to find out whether a web-based simulation with game features helps first-year nursing students learn how to give an injection into the muscle on the side of the hip, known as the ventrogluteal site. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nursing Education, Intramuscular Injection
- What is being tested?
- Web-Based Gamified Simulation and Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 110 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 13 Nov 2026to 20 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being a first-year nursing student enrolled in the Fundamentals of Nursing I course at Cankiri Karatekin University during the fall semester of the 2026-2027 academic year.
- Taking the course for the first time.
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate and providing written informed consent.
- Agreeing to attend all planned theoretical, laboratory, and study sessions.
Who cannot join
- Having difficulty understanding Turkish to an extent that prevents participation in the educational activities or completion of the assessment tools.
- Being a graduate of a health vocational high school.
- Having previously received formal training in intramuscular injection techniques.
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Web-Based Gamified Simulation for Ventrogluteal Injection Training on Knowledge, Skills, Satisfaction, and Self-Confidence Among First-Year Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The goal of this study is to find out whether a web-based simulation with game features helps first-year nursing students learn how to give an injection into the muscle on the side of the hip, known as the ventrogluteal site. The study will compare this approach with traditional teaching at Cankiri Karatekin University in Türkiye.
The main questions are whether the web-based simulation improves students' knowledge and practical skills, increases their satisfaction and confidence in learning, and helps them remember what they have learned after eight weeks.
Read more
All participants will receive the same initial classroom teaching and laboratory demonstration. They will then be assigned by chance to one of two groups. One group will receive traditional teaching. The other group will use the web-based simulation, which includes a patient scenario and interactive tasks, such as selecting equipment and moving items to a tray.
The simulation has two modes. In the learning mode, students receive hints and explanations without being scored. In the self-test mode, they complete tasks without hints and receive a score report for feedback. Students must answer correctly before moving to the next step.
Participants will complete a knowledge test, a practical skills assessment using an injection training model, and a questionnaire about satisfaction and confidence before the group-specific training and again one week afterward. They will repeat the knowledge test eight weeks after training to assess how much they remember. Practical skills will be assessed by two observers who do not know which teaching group each student belongs to.
Read the detailed description
This study will examine a structured approach to teaching ventrogluteal injection by combining a clinical scenario with interactive tasks, feedback, and rule-based progression in a web-based learning environment.
Before group allocation, all participants will receive four hours of theoretical instruction and four hours of standard laboratory demonstration using injection training models. Laboratory sessions will be conducted in groups of approximately 20-22 students. Baseline assessments will take place two days after this common training to establish students' starting levels before the group-specific educational activities.
Participants will be stratified by baseline knowledge test scores into two categories: scores of 10 or below and scores above 10 on the 20-point test. An independent researcher who is not involved in intervention delivery will generate the allocation sequence using blocks of four, with equal allocation to the intervention and control groups within
- Conditions
- Nursing Education, Intramuscular Injection
- Being tested
- Web-Based Gamified Simulation, Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training
- Keywords
- Nursing Education, Nursing Students, Ventrogluteal Injection, Intramuscular Injection, Web-Based Gamified Simulation, Gamification, Clinical Skills, Student Satisfaction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Web-Based Gamified SimulationBehavioural
A web-based gamified simulation designed to teach ventrogluteal injection through 33 procedural steps. Following standardized instructions on application use, students will complete the learning mode with hints and rationales and then the self-test mode without hints. Tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making procedural decisions. Students must provide a correct response before advancing. The self-test mode generates a performance report for individual learning feedback. Application scores will not be used as research outcome measures.
Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection TrainingBehavioural
Traditional instruction in ventrogluteal injection, including theoretical teaching and instructor-led laboratory demonstration using injection training models. Students assigned to the control arm will continue training using traditional teaching methods following the common initial theoretical and laboratory training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Web-Based Gamified Simulation | Experimental | After receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will use a web-based gamified simulation for ventrogluteal injection training. Students will receive standardized instructions on accessing and using the application. They will first complete the learning mode, which provides step-by-step hints and rationales without scoring, followed by the self-test mode without hints. Interactive tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making decisions about procedural steps. A correct response is required before proceeding to the next step. A final performance report will provide individual learning feedback. Receives: Behavioral: Web-Based Gamified Simulation |
| Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training | Active comparator | After receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will continue ventrogluteal injection training using traditional teaching methods. They will not use the web-based gamified simulation during the study. Receives: Behavioral: Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Score
Knowledge will be assessed using the researcher-developed Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Test, which consists of 20 multiple-choice questions. Each correct answer receives 1 point, and each incorrect answer receives 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge of ventrogluteal injection. Scores will be compared between the intervention and control groups, accounting for baseline scores.
Measured: Baseline (before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Ventrogluteal Injection Skill Performance Score
Skill performance will be assessed through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) using a 24-item Ventrogluteal Injection Skill Checklist. Each item is scored as 0 (incorrectly performed or not performed), 1 (partially correctly performed), or 2 (correctly performed). Total scores range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating better skill performance. Two independent observers blinded to group allocation will assess performance simultaneously and score independently. Scores will be compared between groups, accounting for baseline scores.
Measured: Baseline (before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Student Satisfaction With Learning Score
Satisfaction with learning will be assessed using the five-item Student Satisfaction subscale of the Turkish version of the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale. Each item is rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Total subscale scores range from 5 to 25, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction with the learning experience. Baseline assessment will refer to the common initial training, while post-intervention assessment will refer to the training received in the assigned group.
Measured: Baseline (after common initial training and before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Retention of Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge
Knowledge retention will be assessed by readministering the 20-item Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Test eight weeks after the intervention. Each correct answer receives 1 point, and each incorrect answer receives 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater retained knowledge. Eight-week scores will be compared between groups and examined alongside baseline and one-week post-intervention scores.
Measured: 8 weeks after the intervention.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Oct 2026
- Study start13 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion20 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Nursing EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. First-year nursing students will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio to web-based gamified simulation or traditional training using stratified block randomization based on baseline knowledge scores. Both groups will receive the same initial theoretical and laboratory training before randomization.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 110 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Çankırı Karatekin University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gözde ÖZARAS ÖZ, Çankırı Karatekin University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07861750
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CKU-VG-SIM-2026-01
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 1 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 8 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: There is no plan to share individual participant data with other researchers. Study findings will be disseminated through publications and presentations using aggregate data.
Publications
Gokalp MG, Yucel SC, Yilmaz O. The effect of game-based learning on the acquisition of intramuscular injection skills. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025 Jan;82:104172. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.104172. Epub 2024 Nov 15.
PubMed 39612768
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Web-Based Gamified Simulation for Ventrogluteal Injection Training on Knowledge, Skills, Satisfaction, and Self-Confidence Among First-Year Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07861750
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CKU-VG-SIM-2026-01
- Conditions
- Nursing Education, Intramuscular Injection
- Keywords
- Nursing Education, Nursing Students, Ventrogluteal Injection, Intramuscular Injection, Web-Based Gamified Simulation, Gamification, Clinical Skills, Student Satisfaction
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 110 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Çankırı Karatekin UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 13 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 20 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this study is to find out whether a web-based simulation with game features helps first-year nursing students learn how to give an injection into the muscle on the side of the hip, known as the ventrogluteal site. The study will compare this approach with traditional teaching at Cankiri Karatekin University in Türkiye.
The main questions are whether the web-based simulation improves students' knowledge and practical skills, increases their satisfaction and confidence in learning, and helps them remember what they have learned after eight weeks.
All participants will receive the same initial classroom teaching and laboratory demonstration. They will then be assigned by chance to one of two groups. One group will receive traditional teaching. The other group will use the web-based simulation, which includes a patient scenario and interactive tasks, such as selecting equipment and moving items to a tray.
The simulation has two modes. In the learning mode, students receive hints and explanations without being scored. In the self-test mode, they complete tasks without hints and receive a score report for feedback. Students must answer correctly before moving to the next step.
Participants will complete a knowledge test, a practical skills assessment using an injection training model, and a questionnaire about satisfaction and confidence before the group-specific training and again one week afterward. They will repeat the knowledge test eight weeks after training to assess how much they remember. Practical skills will be assessed by two observers who do not know which teaching group each student belongs to.
Detailed description
This study will examine a structured approach to teaching ventrogluteal injection by combining a clinical scenario with interactive tasks, feedback, and rule-based progression in a web-based learning environment.
Before group allocation, all participants will receive four hours of theoretical instruction and four hours of standard laboratory demonstration using injection training models. Laboratory sessions will be conducted in groups of approximately 20-22 students. Baseline assessments will take place two days after this common training to establish students' starting levels before the group-specific educational activities.
Participants will be stratified by baseline knowledge test scores into two categories: scores of 10 or below and scores above 10 on the 20-point test. An independent researcher who is not involved in intervention delivery will generate the allocation sequence using blocks of four, with equal allocation to the intervention and control groups within
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. First-year nursing students will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio to web-based gamified simulation or traditional training using stratified block randomization based on baseline knowledge scores. Both groups will receive the same initial theoretical and laboratory training before randomization.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Web-Based Gamified Simulation | Experimental | Behavioral: Web-Based Gamified SimulationAfter receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will use a web-based gamified simulation for ventrogluteal injection training. Students will receive standardized instructions on accessing and using the application. They will first complete the learning mode, which provides step-by-step hints and rationales without scoring, followed by the self-test mode without hints. Interactive tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making decisions about procedural steps. A correct response is required before proceeding to the next step. A final performance report will provide individual learning feedback. |
| Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training | Active comparator | Behavioral: Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection TrainingAfter receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will continue ventrogluteal injection training using traditional teaching methods. They will not use the web-based gamified simulation during the study. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Being a first-year nursing student enrolled in the Fundamentals of Nursing I course at Cankiri Karatekin University during the fall semester of the 2026-2027 academic year.
- Taking the course for the first time.
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate and providing written informed consent.
- Agreeing to attend all planned theoretical, laboratory, and study sessions.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having difficulty understanding Turkish to an extent that prevents participation in the educational activities or completion of the assessment tools.
- Being a graduate of a health vocational high school.
- Having previously received formal training in intramuscular injection techniques.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Web-Based Gamified SimulationA web-based gamified simulation designed to teach ventrogluteal injection through 33 procedural steps. Following standardized instructions on application use, students will complete the learning mode with hints and rationales and then the self-test mode without hints. Tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making procedural decisions. Students must provide a correct response before advancing. The self-test mode generates a performance report for individual learning feedback. Application scores will not be used as research outcome measures. | Behavioural | Web-Based Gamified Simulation |
| Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection TrainingTraditional instruction in ventrogluteal injection, including theoretical teaching and instructor-led laboratory demonstration using injection training models. Students assigned to the control arm will continue training using traditional teaching methods following the common initial theoretical and laboratory training. | Behavioural | Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training |
Primary outcome
Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Score
Time frame: Baseline (before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Knowledge will be assessed using the researcher-developed Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Test, which consists of 20 multiple-choice questions. Each correct answer receives 1 point, and each incorrect answer receives 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge of ventrogluteal injection. Scores will be compared between the intervention and control groups, accounting for baseline scores.
Ventrogluteal Injection Skill Performance Score
Time frame: Baseline (before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Skill performance will be assessed through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) using a 24-item Ventrogluteal Injection Skill Checklist. Each item is scored as 0 (incorrectly performed or not performed), 1 (partially correctly performed), or 2 (correctly performed). Total scores range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating better skill performance. Two independent observers blinded to group allocation will assess performance simultaneously and score independently. Scores will be compared between groups, accounting for baseline scores.
2 secondary outcomes
Student Satisfaction With Learning Score
Time frame: Baseline (after common initial training and before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.
Retention of Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge
Time frame: 8 weeks after the intervention.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 39612768Gokalp MG, Yucel SC, Yilmaz O. The effect of game-based learning on the acquisition of intramuscular injection skills. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025 Jan;82:104172. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.104172. Epub 2024 Nov 15.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. There is no plan to share individual participant data with other researchers. Study findings will be disseminated through publications and presentations using aggregate data.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Web-Based Gamified Simulation and Traditional Ventrogluteal Injection Training in people with Nursing Education and Intramuscular Injection, run by Çankırı Karatekin University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact GÖZDE ÖZARAS ÖZ, PhD (05323495280, gozdeozarasoz@gmail.com.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Score (time frame: Baseline (before randomization) and 1 week after the intervention.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07861750, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Oct 2026.