Postprandial MetabolismTHERMOS-LUNCHNCT07808736
Postprandial Metabolic Responses to Sustainable and Non-Sustainable Meals in Healthy Young Men
A study testing Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal and Non-Sustainable Test Meal in people with Postprandial Metabolism and Healthy Volunteers, run by University of Parma at 1 site in Italy.
Trial summary
This randomized crossover study evaluated the acute postprandial metabolic and hydration responses to two standardized lunch meals differing in nutritional quality and environmental footprint in healthy young men. Each participant consumed both meals in separate experimental visits according to a randomized sequence. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Postprandial Metabolism, Healthy Volunteers
- What is being tested?
- Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal and Non-Sustainable Test Meal
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteItaly
- Study dates
- 1 Nov 2025to 24 Apr 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male participants aged 18 to 30 years.
- Students enrolled at the University of Parma.
- Residence or domicile in areas surrounding the University of Parma campus.
- Stable body weight during the previous 6 months, defined as body weight change within ±5%.
- Good general health.
- Willingness to comply with study procedures.
- Written informed consent provided before participation.
Who cannot join
- Female sex.
- Age younger than 18 years or older than 30 years.
- Smoking.
- Food allergies or food intolerances incompatible with the test meals.
- Chronic noncommunicable food-related diseases, including metabolic, endocrine, or chronic disorders.
- Residence or domicile outside areas adjacent to the University of Parma campus.
- Students enrolled at the University of Parma in Gastronomic Sciences or Human Nutrition Sciences.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Italy1 site
University of Parma, Department of Food and Drug
Parma, Parma, 43125
About this study
Official title: THERMOS-LUNCH: Effects of Meals Differing in Nutritional Quality and Environmental Footprint on Postprandial Metabolism, Diet-Induced Thermogenesis, Respiratory Quotient, Satiety, and Hydration Status in Healthy Young Men
This randomized crossover study evaluated the acute postprandial metabolic and hydration responses to two standardized lunch meals differing in nutritional quality and environmental footprint in healthy young men. Each participant consumed both meals in separate experimental visits according to a randomized sequence. Postprandial oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, energy expenditure, diet-induced thermogenesis, substrate oxidation, satiety, and hydration-related outcomes were assessed.
Read the detailed description
The THERMOS-LUNCH study (Thermogenesis, Hydration, Environmental Impact, Respiratory Quotient, Meals, Substrate Oxidation and Sustainability after Lunch in University Students: a Nutritional Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects) was a randomised, two-period, two-sequence crossover intervention study conducted in healthy male university students. The study compared two standardised lunch meals that differed in nutritional quality and estimated environmental impact: a healthy and sustainable meal and a less healthy and non-sustainable comparison meal. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two intervention sequences: the healthy and sustainable meal followed by the comparison meal, or the comparison meal followed by the healthy and sustainable meal. The two experimental visits were separated by a 7-day washout period.
During each experimental visit, postprandial metabolic responses were assessed using portable indirect calorimetry. Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, diet-induced thermogenesis and substrate oxidation were measured during the fasting baseline period and over the 4-hour postprandial period. Subjective appetite and satiety sensations were assessed repeatedly using 100-millimetre visual analogue scales. Hydration-related measures included total fluid intake, urine volume, urine colour and urine specific gravity measured using a digital refractometer. Total urinary nitrogen, obtained from the 24-hour urine collection, was used to account for protein metabolism in substrate-oxidation calculations, while urinary creatinine was used as a quality-control marker for the plausibility and completeness of the 24-hour urine collection.
- Conditions
- Postprandial Metabolism, Healthy Volunteers
- Being tested
- Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal, Non-Sustainable Test Meal
- Keywords
- Diet-Induced Thermogenesis, Respiratory Quotient, Indirect Calorimetry, Substrate Oxidation, Sustainable Diet, Hydration Status, Satiety, Healthy Young Men
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Healthy-Sustainable Test MealOther
Standardized lunch meal characterized by a healthier nutritional profile and lower environmental footprint. The meal was designed to have lower carbon and water footprints compared with the non-sustainable test meal. The healthy-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 620 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 956.6 L, whereas the non-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 1104 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 1605.1 L.
Non-Sustainable Test MealOther
Standardized lunch meal characterized by a less favorable nutritional profile and higher environmental footprint compared with the healthy-sustainable test meal. The healthy-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 620 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 956.6 L, whereas the non-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 1104 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 1605.1 L.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy-Sustainable Then Non-Sustainable Meal | Experimental | Participants assigned to this sequence consumed the healthy-sustainable test meal during the first experimental visit and the non-sustainable test meal during the second experimental visit after a 7-day washout period. Receives: Other: Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal; Other: Non-Sustainable Test Meal |
| Non-Sustainable Then Healthy-Sustainable Meal | Experimental | Participants assigned to this sequence consumed the non-sustainable test meal during the first experimental visit and the healthy-sustainable test meal during the second experimental visit after a 7-day washout period. Receives: Other: Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal; Other: Non-Sustainable Test Meal |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Diet-Induced Thermogenesis
Diet-induced thermogenesis will be calculated from postprandial energy expenditure measured by portable indirect calorimetry after consumption of each test meal.
Measured: Baseline and 0-240 minutes after test meal consumption during each experimental visit
Respiratory Quotient
Respiratory quotient will be calculated from oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production measured by portable indirect calorimetry at fasting baseline and during the postprandial period.
Measured: Baseline and 0-240 minutes after test meal consumption during each experimental visit
Secondary outcomes (15)
Repeated Hunger Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Description: Hunger was assessed using a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "I am not hungry at all", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "I have never been so hungry". Higher scores indicate greater hunger and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Satiety Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Satiety was assessed using the question "How satisfied do you feel?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "I feel completely empty", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "I cannot eat even a single bite". Higher scores indicate greater satiety and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Fullness Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Fullness was assessed using a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "Not at all full", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "Completely full". Higher scores indicate greater fullness and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Prospective Food Consumption Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
spective food consumption was assessed using the question "How much do you think you could eat?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "Nothing", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "A lot". Higher scores indicate greater prospective food consumption and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Sweet Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Desire for sweet food was assessed using the question "Would you like to eat something sweet?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "None", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "A lot". Higher scores indicate a greater desire to eat sweet food and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Salty Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Desire for salty food was assessed using the question "Would you like to eat something salty?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "Yes, very much", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "No, not at all". Higher scores indicate a lower desire to eat salty food and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Savoury Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Desire for savoury food was assessed using the question "Would you like to eat something savoury?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "Yes, very much", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "No, not at all". Higher scores indicate a lower desire to eat savoury food and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Fatty Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Desire for fatty food was assessed using the question "Would you like to eat something fatty?" on a 100-millimetre visual analogue scale ranging from 0 millimetres, anchored by "Yes, very much", to 100 millimetres, anchored by "No, not at all". Higher scores indicate a lower desire to eat fatty food and do not necessarily represent a better or worse outcome. Scores were recorded repeatedly at the scheduled assessment time points during each experimental visit and are reported in millimetres.
Measured: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Total Fluid Intake
Total fluid intake was calculated as the sum of all measured fluids consumed during each experimental condition. One total value was calculated for each participant under each experimental condition and is expressed in millilitres.
Measured: Over the 24-hour study period associated with each experimental condition.
Total 24-Hour Urine Volume
All urine produced during each 24-hour collection period was collected, and the total urine volume was measured. One total value was calculated for each participant under each experimental condition and is expressed in millilitres per 24 hours
Measured: Over the 24-hour urine-collection period associated with each experimental condition.
Morning Spot Urine Specific Gravity
Urine specific gravity was measured in the morning spot urine sample using a digital refractometer. Triplicate measurements were averaged to obtain one value for each participant at each experimental visit. Urine specific gravity is dimensionless, and higher values indicate more concentrated urine.
Measured: At the fasting morning urine collection before breakfast during each experimental visit.
Urine Specific Gravity of the Pooled 24-Hour Urine Collection
Urine specific gravity was measured in the pooled 24-hour urine sample using a digital refractometer. Triplicate measurements were averaged to obtain one value for each participant under each experimental condition. Urine specific gravity is dimensionless, and higher values indicate more concentrated urine.
Measured: At completion of the 24-hour urine-collection period associated with each experimental condition.
Urine Colour Score Assessed Using the Armstrong 8-Point Urine Colour Chart
Urine colour was assessed using the Armstrong 8-point Urine Colour Chart. Scores range from 1, indicating very pale urine, to 8, indicating very dark urine. Higher scores indicate darker and generally more concentrated urine. Triplicate assessments were averaged to obtain one urine colour score for each scheduled urine sample.
Measured: At the scheduled urine collection time points during each 24-hour experimental condition.
Urinary Nitrogen Excretion
Total urinary nitrogen will be measured from 24-hour urine samples and expressed as grams of nitrogen per 24 hours. This value will be used to estimate the contribution of protein metabolism to substrate oxidation calculations.
Measured: 24-hour urine collection during each experimental condition
Urinary Creatinine Excretion
Urinary creatinine will be measured as a quality control marker for the plausibility and completeness of the 24-hour urine collection.
Measured: 24-hour urine collection during each experimental condition
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Sep 2026
- Study start1 Nov 2025
- Primary completion24 Apr 2026
- Study completion24 Apr 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Postprandial MetabolismStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- Participants completed two experimental visits in a randomized two-period, two-sequence crossover design. Each participant received both test meals, one healthy-sustainable and one non-sustainable, in separate visits separated by a 7-day washout period. In one sequence, participants received the healthy-sustainable meal at T0 and the non-sustainable meal at T1; in the opposite sequence, participants received the non-sustainable meal at T0 and the healthy-sustainable meal at T1.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Parma
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Francesca Scazzina Ph.D., University of Parma
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07808736
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- THERMOS-LUNCH
- Other IDs
- 35689, 52401, 16510
- Acronym
- THERMOS-LUNCH
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 9 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data will not be publicly shared because this was not specifically planned in the approved informed consent procedure.
Publications
Scazzina F, Del Rio D, Benini L, Melegari C, Pellegrini N, Marcazzan E, Brighenti F. The effect of breakfasts varying in glycemic index and glycemic load on dietary induced thermogenesis and respiratory quotient. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Feb;21(2):121-5. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.08.008.
PubMed 19836218
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- THERMOS-LUNCH: Effects of Meals Differing in Nutritional Quality and Environmental Footprint on Postprandial Metabolism, Diet-Induced Thermogenesis, Respiratory Quotient, Satiety, and Hydration Status in Healthy Young Men
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07808736
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- THERMOS-LUNCH / THERMOS-LUNCH
- Conditions
- Postprandial Metabolism, Healthy Volunteers
- Keywords
- Diet-Induced Thermogenesis, Respiratory Quotient, Indirect Calorimetry, Substrate Oxidation, Sustainable Diet, Hydration Status, Satiety, Healthy Young Men
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of ParmaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Apr 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized crossover study evaluated the acute postprandial metabolic and hydration responses to two standardized lunch meals differing in nutritional quality and environmental footprint in healthy young men. Each participant consumed both meals in separate experimental visits according to a randomized sequence. Postprandial oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, energy expenditure, diet-induced thermogenesis, substrate oxidation, satiety, and hydration-related outcomes were assessed.
Detailed description
The THERMOS-LUNCH study (Thermogenesis, Hydration, Environmental Impact, Respiratory Quotient, Meals, Substrate Oxidation and Sustainability after Lunch in University Students: a Nutritional Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects) was a randomised, two-period, two-sequence crossover intervention study conducted in healthy male university students. The study compared two standardised lunch meals that differed in nutritional quality and estimated environmental impact: a healthy and sustainable meal and a less healthy and non-sustainable comparison meal. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two intervention sequences: the healthy and sustainable meal followed by the comparison meal, or the comparison meal followed by the healthy and sustainable meal. The two experimental visits were separated by a 7-day washout period.
During each experimental visit, postprandial metabolic responses were assessed using portable indirect calorimetry. Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, diet-induced thermogenesis and substrate oxidation were measured during the fasting baseline period and over the 4-hour postprandial period. Subjective appetite and satiety sensations were assessed repeatedly using 100-millimetre visual analogue scales. Hydration-related measures included total fluid intake, urine volume, urine colour and urine specific gravity measured using a digital refractometer. Total urinary nitrogen, obtained from the 24-hour urine collection, was used to account for protein metabolism in substrate-oxidation calculations, while urinary creatinine was used as a quality-control marker for the plausibility and completeness of the 24-hour urine collection.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants completed two experimental visits in a randomized two-period, two-sequence crossover design. Each participant received both test meals, one healthy-sustainable and one non-sustainable, in separate visits separated by a 7-day washout period. In one sequence, participants received the healthy-sustainable meal at T0 and the non-sustainable meal at T1; in the opposite sequence, participants received the non-sustainable meal at T0 and the healthy-sustainable meal at T1.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy-Sustainable Then Non-Sustainable Meal | Experimental | Other: Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal, Other: Non-Sustainable Test MealParticipants assigned to this sequence consumed the healthy-sustainable test meal during the first experimental visit and the non-sustainable test meal during the second experimental visit after a 7-day washout period. |
| Non-Sustainable Then Healthy-Sustainable Meal | Experimental | Other: Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal, Other: Non-Sustainable Test MealParticipants assigned to this sequence consumed the non-sustainable test meal during the first experimental visit and the healthy-sustainable test meal during the second experimental visit after a 7-day washout period. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Male participants aged 18 to 30 years.
- Students enrolled at the University of Parma.
- Residence or domicile in areas surrounding the University of Parma campus.
- Stable body weight during the previous 6 months, defined as body weight change within ±5%.
- Good general health.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Female sex.
- Age younger than 18 years or older than 30 years.
- Smoking.
- Food allergies or food intolerances incompatible with the test meals.
- Chronic noncommunicable food-related diseases, including metabolic, endocrine, or chronic disorders.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy-Sustainable Test MealStandardized lunch meal characterized by a healthier nutritional profile and lower environmental footprint. The meal was designed to have lower carbon and water footprints compared with the non-sustainable test meal. The healthy-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 620 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 956.6 L, whereas the non-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 1104 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 1605.1 L. | Other | Healthy-Sustainable Then Non-Sustainable Meal, Non-Sustainable Then Healthy-Sustainable Meal |
| Non-Sustainable Test MealStandardized lunch meal characterized by a less favorable nutritional profile and higher environmental footprint compared with the healthy-sustainable test meal. The healthy-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 620 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 956.6 L, whereas the non-sustainable meal had an estimated carbon footprint of 1104 g CO₂-eq and water footprint of 1605.1 L. | Other | Healthy-Sustainable Then Non-Sustainable Meal, Non-Sustainable Then Healthy-Sustainable Meal |
Primary outcome
Diet-Induced Thermogenesis
Time frame: Baseline and 0-240 minutes after test meal consumption during each experimental visit
Diet-induced thermogenesis will be calculated from postprandial energy expenditure measured by portable indirect calorimetry after consumption of each test meal.
Respiratory Quotient
Time frame: Baseline and 0-240 minutes after test meal consumption during each experimental visit
Respiratory quotient will be calculated from oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production measured by portable indirect calorimetry at fasting baseline and during the postprandial period.
15 secondary outcomes
Repeated Hunger Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Satiety Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Fullness Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Prospective Food Consumption Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Sweet Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Salty Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Savoury Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Repeated Desire for Fatty Food Scores Assessed Using a 100-Millimetre Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: From the fasting assessment before the standardised breakfast to 240 minutes after consumption of the test lunch, during each experimental visit.
Total Fluid Intake
Time frame: Over the 24-hour study period associated with each experimental condition.
Total 24-Hour Urine Volume
Time frame: Over the 24-hour urine-collection period associated with each experimental condition.
Morning Spot Urine Specific Gravity
Time frame: At the fasting morning urine collection before breakfast during each experimental visit.
Urine Specific Gravity of the Pooled 24-Hour Urine Collection
Time frame: At completion of the 24-hour urine-collection period associated with each experimental condition.
Urine Colour Score Assessed Using the Armstrong 8-Point Urine Colour Chart
Time frame: At the scheduled urine collection time points during each 24-hour experimental condition.
Urinary Nitrogen Excretion
Time frame: 24-hour urine collection during each experimental condition
Urinary Creatinine Excretion
Time frame: 24-hour urine collection during each experimental condition
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Sep 2026.
- Background: PubMed 19836218Scazzina F, Del Rio D, Benini L, Melegari C, Pellegrini N, Marcazzan E, Brighenti F. The effect of breakfasts varying in glycemic index and glycemic load on dietary induced thermogenesis and respiratory quotient. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Feb;21(2):121-5. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.08.008.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data will not be publicly shared because this was not specifically planned in the approved informed consent procedure.
Related trials for Postprandial Metabolism
Not yet recruiting
Plasma Lipids-Dependent Vitamin E Metabolism During Dynamic Hyperlipidemia
Lipid Metabolism Disorders
Not yet recruitingPhase 2
Effects of Meal Macronutrients on Postprandial Lipids
Nephrotic Syndrome, Lipodystrophy
Recruiting
Sex Differences in Metabolism Following a High-fat Meal
Healthy Nutrition
RecruitingObservational study
Postprandial Glucose Handing in Contraceptive and IUD Users
Glucose Homeostasis
Not yet recruiting
Inter-Individual Variability in Early Diet-Induced Thermogenesis After a Standardized Meal
Diet-induced Thermogenesis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Healthy-Sustainable Test Meal and Non-Sustainable Test Meal in people with Postprandial Metabolism and Healthy Volunteers, run by University of Parma at 1 site in Italy.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Diet-Induced Thermogenesis (time frame: Baseline and 0-240 minutes after test meal consumption during each experimental visit). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07808736, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Sep 2026.