ICUNCT07366021
Comfort Care Bundle
A study testing Comfort Care Bundle in people with ICU and Comfort, run by Akdeniz University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Intensive care units (ICUs) are specialized units where numerous complex treatment and care procedures are applied. In these units, critically ill patients are exposed to stressful conditions and experience significant pain and other discomforts stemming from multiple internal and external factors that can alter their… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- ICU, Comfort, Bundle Care
- What is being tested?
- Comfort Care Bundle
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 88 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2025to 30 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Staying in the intensive care unit for at least 48 hours
- Communication language being Turkish
- For non-intubated patients, GCS > 12; for intubated patients, GCS > 10 + intubated (verbal response)
Who cannot join
- Hearing and hearing problems
- History or diagnosis of cognitive impairment, mental illness, nervous system disorders, brain injury
- RASS score >1
- Delirium
- Admitted with a diagnosis of alcohol/drug intoxication
- Pregnant
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- Hemodynamically unstable patients receiving high-dose inotropic/vasopressor drug therapy
- Transfer to another ICU
- Emergency discharge from the ICU for any reason
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Comfort Care Packages Applied to Intensive Care Patients on Patients' Comfort Level and Physiological Parameters
Intensive care units (ICUs) are specialized units where numerous complex treatment and care procedures are applied. In these units, critically ill patients are exposed to stressful conditions and experience significant pain and other discomforts stemming from multiple internal and external factors that can alter their quality of life and trigger symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These discomforts can have various short-term or long-term consequences for patients after discharge from the ICU, such as anxiety and/or depression or PTSD, which can affect their quality of life. Therefore, knowing the negative factors affecting patient comfort in the ICU, as well as measuring patient comfort and eliminating or reducing these factors through comfort care, is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality rates in patients. It is noteworthy that there is no specific care package in the literature aimed at improving ICU-specific comfort. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a "Comfort Care Package" to improve the comfort level of ICU patients. The research population will consist of all patients aged 18-65 years admitted to the intensive care units of Bursa City Hospital. This study will test the effect of the developed "Comfort Care Package" on the comfort level and physiological parameters of 88 ICU patients (control group=44 and study group=44) who meet the inclusion criteria and whose data were calculated using the G*Power 3.1 program. The study will begin with the collection of data from the control group. This group will receive routine ICU care. The study group will receive the Comfort Care Package. It is anticipated that the ICU-specific comfort care package developed within the scope of this study will make significant contributions to the creation of nursing care plans aimed at increasing the comfort levels of critically ill individuals. Therefore, in patients with improved comfort, targeted recovery outcomes may increase, mortality rates may decrease, and thus public health may be sustained.
- Conditions
- ICU, Comfort, Bundle Care, Nursing Care, Critical Illness
- Being tested
- Comfort Care Bundle
- Medical subject headings
- Critical Illness
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Comfort Care BundleBehavioural
A multicomponent comfort care bundle consisting of physical, psychosocial, environmental, and sociocultural comfort interventions delivered by ICU nurses to enhance patient comfort and reduce discomfort.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention-Behavioral | Experimental | Comfort Care Bundle Contents:
* Ensure and maintain Physical Comfort (Prevent and manage pain, support daily living activities)
* Ensure and maintain Psychospiritual Comfort (Manage agitation-sedation and delirium)
* Ensure and maintain Environmental Comfort (Arrange the environment to facilitate the patient's adaptation)
* Ensure and maintain Sociocultural Comfort (Enable and maintain the patient's interaction with their environment, ensure family participation in care) Receives: Behavioral: Comfort Care Bundle |
| Routine ICU care group | No intervention | To avoid negatively impacting the data collection environment in the research (preventing issues such as bias by the nurse performing the procedure, ethical dilemmas, etc.), the study will begin with the collection of data from a control group. The control group will receive routine nursing care from the clinic. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The Comfort Behaviors Checklist
The Comfort Behaviors Checklist consists of 30 behavioral indicators. In addition, Kolcaba suggests that if listening comfort is the sole measurement tool, the individual should digitally score their pain and comfort, and that comfort should also be evaluated using a lens. Listening is coded in 42 different ways: 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27. The list is scored on a 4-point Likert scale. Parts of the list that are unsuitable for people are listed with a score of 0. The total number of questions answered is multiplied by 4 to obtain the possible score. The terminology questions are translated, and the scores of all questions are taken into account to obtain the raw comfort score. Finally, the possible comfort scores are divided by the raw scores to obtain a decimal number. The decimal part of the resulting score is expressed as a two-digit number. Higher scores indicate a high level of comfort.
Measured: O. Day and 7. Day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Jan 2026
- Study start1 Jun 2025
- Primary completion15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for ICUStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Akdeniz University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Tarsus University, Halic University, Uludag University, Bursa City Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Banu Terzi, Akdeniz University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07366021
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TBAEK-354
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 26 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
• Lynn, M. R. 1986. "Determination and quantification of content validity", Nursing Research, 35(6), 381-5. • Ma, P., Liu, J., Xi, X., Du, B., Yuan, X., Lin, H., Wang, Y., Su, J., Zeng, L. 2010. "Practice of sedation and the perception of discomfort during mechanical ventilation in Chinese intensive care units", Journal of Critical Care, 25, 451-457. • Malinowski, A., Stamler, L. L. 2002. "Nursing theory and concept development or analysıs. Comfort: exploration of the concept in nursing", Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(6), 599-606. • Matthews, E. E. 2011. "Sleep disturbances and fatigue in critically ill patients", American Association of Critical Care Nurses Advanced Critical Care, 22(3), 204-224. • Misak, C. J. 2004. "The critical care experience", American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 170, 357-359. • Olausson, S., Fridh, I., Lindahl, B., Torkildsby, A. B. 2019. "The Meaning of comfort in the intensive care unit", Crit Care Nurs Q, 42(3), 329-341. • Orçan, F. 2018. "Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi: ilk hangisi kullanılmalı?", Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 9(4), 413-421. • Özkan, F., Şahinoğlu, A. H. 2009. "Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi cerrahi yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan 967 hastanın retrospektif analizi", Journal of Experimental Clinical Medicine, 26, 62-67. • Park, M. S., Kang, K. J., Jang, S. J., Lee, J. Y., Chang, S. J. 2018. "Evaluating test-retest reliability in patient-reported outcome measures for older people: A systematic review", Int J Nurs Stud., 79, 58-69. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.11.003. • Polat, M.G. 2007. "Yoğun bakımda fizyoterapi uygulamaları", Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, 7(3), 357-361. • Pugh, R. J. 2007. "The impact of noise in the intensive care unit", Critical and Emergency Care, 4, 12-18. • Riker, R. R., Picard, J. T., Fraser, G. L. 1999. "Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients", Crit Care Med, 27(7), 1325-132. • Şahin, M. G.,
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Comfort Care Packages Applied to Intensive Care Patients on Patients' Comfort Level and Physiological Parameters
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07366021
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TBAEK-354
- Conditions
- ICU, Comfort, Bundle Care, Nursing Care, Critical Illness
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Akdeniz UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Tarsus University, Halic University, Uludag University, Bursa City Hospital
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 26 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Intensive care units (ICUs) are specialized units where numerous complex treatment and care procedures are applied. In these units, critically ill patients are exposed to stressful conditions and experience significant pain and other discomforts stemming from multiple internal and external factors that can alter their quality of life and trigger symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These discomforts can have various short-term or long-term consequences for patients after discharge from the ICU, such as anxiety and/or depression or PTSD, which can affect their quality of life. Therefore, knowing the negative factors affecting patient comfort in the ICU, as well as measuring patient comfort and eliminating or reducing these factors through comfort care, is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality rates in patients. It is noteworthy that there is no specific care package in the literature aimed at improving ICU-specific comfort. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a "Comfort Care Package" to improve the comfort level of ICU patients. The research population will consist of all patients aged 18-65 years admitted to the intensive care units of Bursa City Hospital. This study will test the effect of the developed "Comfort Care Package" on the comfort level and physiological parameters of 88 ICU patients (control group=44 and study group=44) who meet the inclusion criteria and whose data were calculated using the G*Power 3.1 program. The study will begin with the collection of data from the control group. This group will receive routine ICU care. The study group will receive the Comfort Care Package. It is anticipated that the ICU-specific comfort care package developed within the scope of this study will make significant contributions to the creation of nursing care plans aimed at increasing the comfort levels of critically ill individuals. Therefore, in patients with improved comfort, targeted recovery outcomes may increase, mortality rates may decrease, and thus public health may be sustained.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, care provider)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention-Behavioral | Experimental | Behavioral: Comfort Care BundleComfort Care Bundle Contents: * Ensure and maintain Physical Comfort (Prevent and manage pain, support daily living activities) * Ensure and maintain Psychospiritual Comfort (Manage agitation-sedation and delirium) * Ensure and maintain Environmental Comfort (Arrange the environment to facilitate the patient's adaptation) * Ensure and maintain Sociocultural Comfort (Enable and maintain the patient's interaction with their environment, ensure family participation in care) |
| Routine ICU care group | No intervention | –To avoid negatively impacting the data collection environment in the research (preventing issues such as bias by the nurse performing the procedure, ethical dilemmas, etc.), the study will begin with the collection of data from a control group. The control group will receive routine nursing care from the clinic. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Staying in the intensive care unit for at least 48 hours
- Communication language being Turkish
- For non-intubated patients, GCS > 12; for intubated patients, GCS > 10 + intubated (verbal response)
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Hearing and hearing problems
- History or diagnosis of cognitive impairment, mental illness, nervous system disorders, brain injury
- RASS score >1
- Delirium
- Admitted with a diagnosis of alcohol/drug intoxication
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Comfort Care BundleA multicomponent comfort care bundle consisting of physical, psychosocial, environmental, and sociocultural comfort interventions delivered by ICU nurses to enhance patient comfort and reduce discomfort. | Behavioural | Intervention-Behavioral |
Primary outcome
The Comfort Behaviors Checklist
Time frame: O. Day and 7. Day
The Comfort Behaviors Checklist consists of 30 behavioral indicators. In addition, Kolcaba suggests that if listening comfort is the sole measurement tool, the individual should digitally score their pain and comfort, and that comfort should also be evaluated using a lens. Listening is coded in 42 different ways: 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27. The list is scored on a 4-point Likert scale. Parts of the list that are unsuitable for people are listed with a score of 0. The total number of questions answered is multiplied by 4 to obtain the possible score. The terminology questions are translated, and the scores of all questions are taken into account to obtain the raw comfort score. Finally, the possible comfort scores are divided by the raw scores to obtain a decimal number. The decimal part of the resulting score is expressed as a two-digit number. Higher scores indicate a high level of comfort.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Jan 2026.
- Background• Lynn, M. R. 1986. "Determination and quantification of content validity", Nursing Research, 35(6), 381-5. • Ma, P., Liu, J., Xi, X., Du, B., Yuan, X., Lin, H., Wang, Y., Su, J., Zeng, L. 2010. "Practice of sedation and the perception of discomfort during mechanical ventilation in Chinese intensive care units", Journal of Critical Care, 25, 451-457. • Malinowski, A., Stamler, L. L. 2002. "Nursing theory and concept development or analysıs. Comfort: exploration of the concept in nursing", Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(6), 599-606. • Matthews, E. E. 2011. "Sleep disturbances and fatigue in critically ill patients", American Association of Critical Care Nurses Advanced Critical Care, 22(3), 204-224. • Misak, C. J. 2004. "The critical care experience", American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 170, 357-359. • Olausson, S., Fridh, I., Lindahl, B., Torkildsby, A. B. 2019. "The Meaning of comfort in the intensive care unit", Crit Care Nurs Q, 42(3), 329-341. • Orçan, F. 2018. "Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi: ilk hangisi kullanılmalı?", Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 9(4), 413-421. • Özkan, F., Şahinoğlu, A. H. 2009. "Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi cerrahi yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan 967 hastanın retrospektif analizi", Journal of Experimental Clinical Medicine, 26, 62-67. • Park, M. S., Kang, K. J., Jang, S. J., Lee, J. Y., Chang, S. J. 2018. "Evaluating test-retest reliability in patient-reported outcome measures for older people: A systematic review", Int J Nurs Stud., 79, 58-69. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.11.003. • Polat, M.G. 2007. "Yoğun bakımda fizyoterapi uygulamaları", Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, 7(3), 357-361. • Pugh, R. J. 2007. "The impact of noise in the intensive care unit", Critical and Emergency Care, 4, 12-18. • Riker, R. R., Picard, J. T., Fraser, G. L. 1999. "Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients", Crit Care Med, 27(7), 1325-132. • Şahin, M. G.,
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Comfort Care Bundle in people with ICU and Comfort, run by Akdeniz University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The Comfort Behaviors Checklist (time frame: O. Day and 7. Day). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07366021, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Jan 2026.