DehiscencePhase 4SPALvsSTANCT05610748
Implant-supported Rehabilitation With SPAL Technique or Soft Tissue Augmentation
A Phase 4 study testing Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer technique and Soft tissue augmentation in people with Dehiscence and Alveolar Ridge Enlargement, run by Università degli Studi di Ferrara at 1 site in Italy.
Trial summary
The primary aim of the present study is to compare the Sub-periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique and soft tissue augmentation (STA), performed simultaneously to implant placement, in terms of (i) implant survival rate and (ii) health/disease condition of the peri-implant tissues at 6 and 12 months… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Dehiscence, Alveolar Ridge Enlargement, Bone Loss, Alveolar
- What is being tested?
- Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer technique and Soft tissue augmentation
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 66 participants
- Where
- 1 siteItaly
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2022to 31 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Patient-specific inclusion criteria
- age≥21years;
- good physical status (ASA1 and ASA2 according to Physical Status Classification System) (American Society of Anesthesiologists, 2010);
- systemic and local conditions compatible with implant placement and experimental procedures;
- indication to a fixed, implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation with hard or soft tissue reconstructive procedures as part of the comprehensive oral rehabilitation plan;
- patient willing and fully capable to comply with the study protocol.
Sextant-specific inclusion criteria
To be considered as experimental, a sextant will have to fulfill all the following criteria:
- including at least one healed (i.e., ≥ 6 months elapsed from tooth loss) edentulous site;
- horizontal dimension of the edentulous ridge compatible with the primary stability of an implant of at least 3.5 mm in diameter;
- expected peri-implant buccal BD characterized by a height (measured as the apico-coronal height of the exposed implant surface) ≤ 5 mm or a thin (< 1 mm) peri-implant buccal bone plate as diagnosed on tridimensional planning for guided implant placement.
Patient will not be eligible for the study if presenting at least one of the following exclusion criteria:
Patient-specific exclusion criteria
- current heavy smoking (≥20 cigarettes/day for ≥6 months prior to and at the time of the surgical procedure);
- untreated periodontal disease prior to implant placement;
- history of radiation therapy in the head and neck area;
- history of chemotherapy;
- systemic disease or conditions with a documented effect on bone metabolism and/or osseous healing;
- past (within 6 months prior to enrolment in the study) or current treatment with any medication with a documented effect on bone metabolism and/or osseous healing;
- documented allergy to dental materials involved in the experimental protocol;
- pregnancy or lactation;
- history of drug or alcohol abuse.
Moreover, participants immediately exited the study upon:
- request to withdraw from further participation;
- development of acute dental, peri-implant or oral conditions requiring treatment;
- development of conditions conflicting with the inclusion criteria listed above;
- failure to comply with study instructions/requirements.
Site specific exclusion criteria
- presence of either a buccal BD > 5 mm in depth or a thick (≥ 1 mm) peri-implant buccal bone plate as clinically assessed with a periodontal probe immediately after implant placement;
- presence of endodontic lesions at teeth adjacent to the implant site;
- previous bone augmentation/preservation procedures at the designated implant areas;
- need for vertical bone augmentation.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Implant-supported Rehabilitation of Atrophic Edentulous Sites With a Novel, Simplified Technique for Bone Augmentation or Soft Tissue Augmentation: a Randomized Trial
The primary aim of the present study is to compare the Sub-periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique and soft tissue augmentation (STA), performed simultaneously to implant placement, in terms of (i) implant survival rate and (ii) health/disease condition of the peri-implant tissues at 6 and 12 months following implant loading. The secondary aim of the project will be to compare the SPAL technique and STA in terms of intra- and post-operative morbidity.
The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-arm, randomized clinical trial. Patients will be recruited and treated at the Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.) of Ferrara, Italy, and one University center (Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy). Each patient will contribute the study with one sextant ("experimental sextant"). Each eligible patient will be randomly assigned to receive SPAL technique or STA according to a computer-generated randomization list. Surgical procedures will be performed by experienced periodontal and implant surgeons. Two calibrated, blinded examiners will take care of the assessment of clinical and radiographic parameters, Case Report Form (CRF) filling, as well as data extraction from CRFs for the preparation of the study database.
The proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis at 12 months following loading will be the primary outcome variable of the study. The proportion of patients with complete resolution of the bone dehiscence (BD), dimensional variations and 12-months characteristics of BD, and patient-reported outcome measures will be the secondary outcomes. The design will test two hypotheses, with a non-inferiority trial in terms of primary outcome and a superiority trial in terms of secondary outcomes.
- Conditions
- Dehiscence, Alveolar Ridge Enlargement, Bone Loss, Alveolar
- Being tested
- Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer technique, Soft tissue augmentation
- Medical subject headings
- Alveolar Bone Loss
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer techniqueProcedure or surgery
Also called SPAL
In patients assigned to the SPAL group, the management of the soft tissues will be performed according to the SPAL technique as originally described by Trombelli et al. (2018). Implant site preparation will be performed using a set of calibrated guided surgery steel burs under copious sterile saline irrigation. Implants will be placed, and a healing abutment will be positioned and screwed. The space underneath the periosteal layer will be then filled with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) graft. A sterile viscoelastic gel (SVG) based on polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid (REGENFAST®, Mastelli Srl, Sanremo, Italia) will be combined with the bone graft. The periosteal layer will be then secured to the oral flap by mean of 6/0 resorbable internal mattress sutures. SVG wil be placed underneath the mucosal layer and the latter will be coronally advanced and stabilized a using 6/0 resorbable internal mattress and sling sutures.
Soft tissue augmentationProcedure or surgery
Also called STA
In patients assigned to the STA group, flap management will be performed as described by Stefanini et al. (2016). Implant site preparation will be performed according to the same procedures described for the SPAL group. SVG will be placed underneath the buccal flap and the latter will be then released from tension by means of periosteal and muscular incisions, and will be coronally advanced and adapted to the healing abutment with a 6/0 resorbable sling suture. Interrupted sutures will be used to accomplish primary intention closure in the interproximal areas.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique simultaneous to implant placement | Experimental | In patients assigned to the SPAL group, the management of the soft tissues will be performed according to the SPAL technique as originally described by Trombelli et al. (2018). Implant site preparation will be performed using a set of calibrated guided surgery steel burs under copious sterile saline irrigation. Implants will be placed, and a healing abutment will be positioned and screwed. The space underneath the periosteal layer will be then filled with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) graft. A sterile viscoelastic gel (SVG) based on polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid (REGENFAST®, Mastelli Srl, Sanremo, Italia) will be combined with the bone graft. The periosteal layer will be then secured to the oral flap by mean of 6/0 resorbable internal mattress sutures. SVG wil be placed underneath the mucosal layer and the latter will be coronally advanced and stabilized a using 6/0 resorbable internal mattress and sling sutures. Receives: Procedure: Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer technique |
| Soft Tissue Augmentation (STA) simultaneous to implant placement | Active comparator | In patients assigned to the STA group, flap management will be performed as described by Stefanini et al. (2016). Implant site preparation will be performed according to the same procedures described for the SPAL group. SVG will be placed underneath the buccal flap and the latter will be then released from tension by means of periosteal and muscular incisions, and will be coronally advanced and adapted to the healing abutment with a 6/0 resorbable sling suture. Interrupted sutures will be used to accomplish primary intention closure in the interproximal areas. Receives: Procedure: Soft tissue augmentation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis
Proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis (diagnosed according to the criteria described by Berglundh et al. 2018) at 12 months following loading
Measured: 12-month visit
Secondary outcomes (9)
Complete resolution of bone dehiscence (BD)
Proportion of patients with complete resolution of BD as evaluated on CT/CBCT scan at 12 months following surgery
Measured: 12-month visit
Changes in height and width of bone dehiscence (BD)
Variations in height and width of bone dehiscence (BD) (as evaluated on CT/CBCT scan) occurred between pre-surgery visit 12-month visits
Measured: Pre-surgery and 12-month visits
Height and width of the residual bone dehiscence (BD)
Height and width of bone dehiscence (BD) as evaluated on CT/CBCT scan at 12-month visit
Measured: 12-month visit
Pain
Level of pain recorded in the evening at day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 on a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from "0-no pain" to "100-worst pain imaginable"
Measured: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Dose of rescue anti-inflammatory drug
Dosage of rescue anti-inflammatory drug (i.e. number of ibuprofen 600 mg tablets) and other types of medications taken from the day of surgery to the 14th postoperative day, as recorded daily on a medication diary.
Measured: First 14 days following surgery
Discomfort
Level of discomfort, as recorded at day 0 (evening), +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 on a 5-point rating scale ranging from "no discomfort" to "very high discomfort"
Measured: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Limitations in daily functions
Limitations in daily functions (i.e., swallowing, continuing daily activities, eating, speaking, opening the mouth, sleeping), as recorded at day 0 (evening), +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 on a 5-point rating scale ranging from "no limitations" to "unable to eat a lot of types of food" (for the "eating" item), and from "not at all difficult" to "extremely difficult" (for the other items)
Measured: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Incidence of postoperative signs and symptoms
Incidence of postoperative signs and symptoms (i.e., swelling, nausea, bruising, bad taste/smell) at day 0 (evening), +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14
Measured: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Willingness to undergo the same type of surgery
Willingness to undergo the same type of surgery, recorded at day +14 on a 4-point rating scale ranging from "no problem to repeat surgery if needed" to "I will never undergo this type of surgery again."
Measured: Day +14 following surgery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Nov 2022
- Study start1 Jul 2022
- Primary completion31 Jul 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for DehiscenceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-arm, randomized trial.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 66 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Azienda USL Ferrara
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Leonardo Trombelli, Università degli Studi di Ferrara
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05610748
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- FIN-RER_BU_2020_45
- Acronym
- SPALvsSTA
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 2 Nov 2022
- Last updated
- 27 Mar 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Mar 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Implant-supported Rehabilitation of Atrophic Edentulous Sites With a Novel, Simplified Technique for Bone Augmentation or Soft Tissue Augmentation: a Randomized Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05610748
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SPALvsSTA / FIN-RER_BU_2020_45
- Conditions
- Dehiscence, Alveolar Ridge Enlargement, Bone Loss, Alveolar
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 66 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Università degli Studi di FerraraUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Azienda USL Ferrara
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jul 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 9 Nov 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary aim of the present study is to compare the Sub-periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique and soft tissue augmentation (STA), performed simultaneously to implant placement, in terms of (i) implant survival rate and (ii) health/disease condition of the peri-implant tissues at 6 and 12 months following implant loading. The secondary aim of the project will be to compare the SPAL technique and STA in terms of intra- and post-operative morbidity.
The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-arm, randomized clinical trial. Patients will be recruited and treated at the Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.) of Ferrara, Italy, and one University center (Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy). Each patient will contribute the study with one sextant ("experimental sextant"). Each eligible patient will be randomly assigned to receive SPAL technique or STA according to a computer-generated randomization list. Surgical procedures will be performed by experienced periodontal and implant surgeons. Two calibrated, blinded examiners will take care of the assessment of clinical and radiographic parameters, Case Report Form (CRF) filling, as well as data extraction from CRFs for the preparation of the study database.
The proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis at 12 months following loading will be the primary outcome variable of the study. The proportion of patients with complete resolution of the bone dehiscence (BD), dimensional variations and 12-months characteristics of BD, and patient-reported outcome measures will be the secondary outcomes. The design will test two hypotheses, with a non-inferiority trial in terms of primary outcome and a superiority trial in terms of secondary outcomes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-arm, randomized trial.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique simultaneous to implant placement | Experimental | Procedure: Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer techniqueIn patients assigned to the SPAL group, the management of the soft tissues will be performed according to the SPAL technique as originally described by Trombelli et al. (2018). Implant site preparation will be performed using a set of calibrated guided surgery steel burs under copious sterile saline irrigation. Implants will be placed, and a healing abutment will be positioned and screwed. The space underneath the periosteal layer will be then filled with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) graft. A sterile viscoelastic gel (SVG) based on polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid (REGENFAST®, Mastelli Srl, Sanremo, Italia) will be combined with the bone graft. The periosteal layer will be then secured to the oral flap by mean of 6/0 resorbable internal mattress sutures. SVG wil be placed underneath the mucosal layer and the latter will be coronally advanced and stabilized a using 6/0 resorbable internal mattress and sling sutures. |
| Soft Tissue Augmentation (STA) simultaneous to implant placement | Active comparator | Procedure: Soft tissue augmentationIn patients assigned to the STA group, flap management will be performed as described by Stefanini et al. (2016). Implant site preparation will be performed according to the same procedures described for the SPAL group. SVG will be placed underneath the buccal flap and the latter will be then released from tension by means of periosteal and muscular incisions, and will be coronally advanced and adapted to the healing abutment with a 6/0 resorbable sling suture. Interrupted sutures will be used to accomplish primary intention closure in the interproximal areas. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer techniqueAlso: SPALIn patients assigned to the SPAL group, the management of the soft tissues will be performed according to the SPAL technique as originally described by Trombelli et al. (2018). Implant site preparation will be performed using a set of calibrated guided surgery steel burs under copious sterile saline irrigation. Implants will be placed, and a healing abutment will be positioned and screwed. The space underneath the periosteal layer will be then filled with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) graft. A sterile viscoelastic gel (SVG) based on polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid (REGENFAST®, Mastelli Srl, Sanremo, Italia) will be combined with the bone graft. The periosteal layer will be then secured to the oral flap by mean of 6/0 resorbable internal mattress sutures. SVG wil be placed underneath the mucosal layer and the latter will be coronally advanced and stabilized a using 6/0 resorbable internal mattress and sling sutures. | Procedure or surgery | Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer (SPAL) technique simultaneous to implant placement |
| Soft tissue augmentationAlso: STAIn patients assigned to the STA group, flap management will be performed as described by Stefanini et al. (2016). Implant site preparation will be performed according to the same procedures described for the SPAL group. SVG will be placed underneath the buccal flap and the latter will be then released from tension by means of periosteal and muscular incisions, and will be coronally advanced and adapted to the healing abutment with a 6/0 resorbable sling suture. Interrupted sutures will be used to accomplish primary intention closure in the interproximal areas. | Procedure or surgery | Soft Tissue Augmentation (STA) simultaneous to implant placement |
Primary outcome
Proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis
Time frame: 12-month visit
Proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis (diagnosed according to the criteria described by Berglundh et al. 2018) at 12 months following loading
9 secondary outcomes
Complete resolution of bone dehiscence (BD)
Time frame: 12-month visit
Changes in height and width of bone dehiscence (BD)
Time frame: Pre-surgery and 12-month visits
Height and width of the residual bone dehiscence (BD)
Time frame: 12-month visit
Pain
Time frame: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Dose of rescue anti-inflammatory drug
Time frame: First 14 days following surgery
Discomfort
Time frame: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Limitations in daily functions
Time frame: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Incidence of postoperative signs and symptoms
Time frame: Day 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +7 and +14 following surgery
Willingness to undergo the same type of surgery
Time frame: Day +14 following surgery
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Mar 2025.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Sub-Periosteal Peri-implant Augmented Layer technique and Soft tissue augmentation in people with Dehiscence and Alveolar Ridge Enlargement, run by Università degli Studi di Ferrara at 1 site in Italy.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Mar 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Proportion of patients free from peri-implantitis (time frame: 12-month visit). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Mar 2025.