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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR)NCT07922785

Stair Biomechanics and Vibration Study After ACLR

A study testing Whole-body Vibration and Local Muscle Vibraton in people with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, run by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill at 1 site in United States.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This study examines how people who have had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) move their legs during walking and stair negotiation, and whether a single session of vibration changes how they ascend and descend stairs. Participants with ACLR (1 to 3 years after surgery) complete three laboratory visits. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 39 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
Whole-body Vibration and Local Muscle Vibraton
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
52 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
1 Nov 2026to 1 Nov 2028
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 39 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age 18 to 39 years
  • Able to read, understand, and communicate in English sufficiently to provide informed consent and follow instructions
  • Primary, unilateral ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon autograft
  • 1 to 3 years after ACL reconstruction
  • Cleared by surgeon to return to unrestricted physical activity
  • Returned to unrestricted walking, stair negotiation, and hopping activities
Show all 9Show fewer
  • No history of ACL injury or knee surgery
  • No history of major lower extremity injury (requiring surgery or more than 3 weeks of medical treatment)
  • Matched to an ACLR participant by sex, age (within 3 years), and Tegner activity level (within 1 level)

Who cannot join

  • History of ACL injury to the opposite leg
  • History of any knee surgery other than ACL reconstruction
  • Diagnosis of osteoarthritis in any joint in either leg
  • Major lower extremity injury (requiring surgery or more than 3 weeks of medical treatment) in the previous 6 months
  • History of neurological disorder (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis)
  • Currently pregnant
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Diagnosis of osteoarthritis in any joint in either leg
  • Major lower extremity injury in the previous 6 months
  • History of neurological disorder (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis)
  • Currently pregnant

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Sansung Hwang, MS contact

984-291-4830

sansungh@unc.edu

Troy Blackburn, PhD contact

troyb@unc.edu

United States1 site
  • Motion Analysis Laboratory, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

    Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599

    Sansung Hwang, MS, 984-291-4830, sansungh@unc.edu

    Troy Blackburn, PhD, troyb@unc.edu

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Lower Extremity Biomechanics During Gait and Stair Negotiation and Effects of Vibratory Stimuli Following ACL Reconstruction

This study examines how people who have had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) move their legs during walking and stair negotiation, and whether a single session of vibration changes how they ascend and descend stairs.

Participants with ACLR (1 to 3 years after surgery) complete three laboratory visits. At the first visit, they complete walking, stair negotiation, muscle strength, hopping tests, and questionnaires, and stair negotiation is measured before and after a control condition without vibration. At the second and third visits, they receive whole-body vibration (standing on a vibrating platform) or local muscle vibration (a device placed over the thigh muscle) in a counterbalanced order, and stair negotiation is measured before and after each vibration session. Healthy participants matched by sex, age, and activity level complete one visit with the same tests as the first ACLR visit, for comparison.

Read the detailed description

Individuals with ACLR commonly show altered lower extremity biomechanics and quadriceps dysfunction that may contribute to the development of knee osteoarthritis. Stair negotiation places greater demands on the knee than level walking, yet findings on stair biomechanics after ACLR are inconsistent. Whole-body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) acutely improve quadriceps function and gait biomechanics after ACLR, but their effects on stair biomechanics are unknown.

Aims: 1. to compare lower extremity biomechanics during gait, stair ascent, and stair descent between individuals 1 to 3 years after ACLR and matched healthy controls; 2. to determine inter-limb differences in biomechanics during gait and stair negotiation within individuals with ACLR; 3. to evaluate the acute effects of WBV and LMV on stair ascent and descent biomechanics in individuals with ACLR compared with a control condition.

Design: a case-control comparison nested within a single-blind, repeated-measures crossover design. ACLR participants complete three visits separated by at least 48 hours. Visit 1 is a baseline session with stair biomechanics assessed before and after a control condition (no vibration), plus gait biomechanics, isometric quadriceps and hamstring strength, single-leg and triple hop tests, and patient-reported outcomes. At visits 2 and 3, participants receive WBV and LMV in counterbalanced order, with stair biomechanics assessed immediately before and after the intervention. For all conditions, participants hold a squatted position (approximately 60 degrees of knee flexion) for 1 minute, repeated 6 times with 2 minutes of rest. WBV is delivered via a vibrating platform (30 Hz, 2 g). The control condition uses the same posture and timing without vibration. Healthy controls complete one visit identical to ACLR visit 1.

Biomechanics are collected with 3D motion capture synchronized with force plates under the second and third steps of an instrumented staircase. The data collector and outcome assessor are blinded to the vibration condition, which is administered by a separate research assistant.

Being tested
Whole-body Vibration, Local Muscle Vibraton, Control condition
Keywords
Whole-body vibration, Local muscle vibration, Stair ascent, Stair descent, Gait biomechanics, Inter-limb asymmetry
Medical subject headings
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Whole-body VibrationOther

    Also called WBV

    Standing on a vibrating platform (Power Plate Pro 5) in a squatted position (approximately 60 degrees of knee flexion), 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

  • Local Muscle VibratonOther

    Also called LMV

    A vibration device secured over the quadriceps muscle belly while standing in the same squatted position on the deactivated platform, 30 Hz, 2 g, 1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest.

  • Control conditionOther

    Same squatted position and timing (1 minute x 6 exposures with 2 minutes of rest) without vibration.

Study groups in NCT07922785
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
ACLR: WBV then LMVExperimentalVisit 1 control condition; Visit 2 whole-body vibration; Visit 3 local muscle vibration (at least 48 hours apart)
Receives: Other: Whole-body Vibration; Other: Local Muscle Vibraton; Other: Control condition
ACLR: LMV then WBVExperimentalVisit 1 control condition; Visit 2 local muscle vibration; Visit 3 whole-body vibration (at least 48 hours apart)
Receives: Other: Whole-body Vibration; Other: Local Muscle Vibraton; Other: Control condition
Healthy controlsOtherSingle visit with the control condition; matched to ACLR participants by sex, age, (within 3 years), and Tegner activity level (within 1 level).
Receives: Other: Control condition

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Peak Hip Flexion Angle

    Maximum hip flexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  2. Peak Knee Flexion Angle

    Maximum hip flexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  3. Peak Ankle Flexion Angle

    Maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  4. Knee Valgus Angle

    Peak knee valgus (abduction) angle during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  5. Knee Flexion Displacement

    Change in knee flexion angle from initial contact to peak knee flexion during stance (degrees). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  6. Sagittal Plane Knee Moment

    Peak internal knee extension moment during stance, normalized to body weight x height. Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  7. Frontal Plane Knee Moment

    Peak internal knee abduction moment (equivalent to the external knee adduction moment) during stance, normalized to body weight x height. Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  8. Peak Vertical Ground Reaction Force

    Peak vertical ground reaction force during stance, normalized to body weight (xBW). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  9. Anterior Tibial Shear Force

    Peak anterior tibial shear force during stance, normalized to body weight (xBW). Measured with 3D motion capture and force plates during the stance phase of preferred-speed overground gait, stair ascent, and stair descent (5 trials per task, averaged), in both limbs of participants with ACLR and healthy controls.

    Measured: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).

  10. Isometric Quadriceps Peak Torque

    Maximal voluntary isometric knee extension torque measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (knee flexed 90 degrees, hip flexed 85 degrees); mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

  11. Isometric Hamstring Peak Torque

    Maximal voluntary isometric knee flexion torque measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (knee flexed 90 degrees, hip flexed 85 degrees); mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

  12. Quadriceps Rate of Torque Development

    Rate of torque development during maximal voluntary isometric knee extension contractions; mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg/s).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

  13. Hamstring Rate of Torque Development

    Rate of torque development during maximal voluntary isometric knee flexion contractions; mean of 3 contractions per limb, normalized to body mass (Nm/kg/s).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

  14. Single-Leg Hop for Distance

    Distance hopped on one leg, measured from the take-off line to the landing point of the heel; mean of 3 successful trials per limb (cm).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

  15. Triple Hop for Distance

    Distance covered in three consecutive hops on one leg, measured from the take-off line to the landing point of the heel; mean of 3 successful trials per limb (cm).

    Measured: Visit 1 (baseline)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted6 Nov 2026
  2. Study start1 Nov 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion1 Nov 2028 (estimated)
  4. Study completion1 Nov 2028 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Non-randomised
Intervention model
Crossover
Model description
Participants with ACLR receive a control condition (no vibration) at visit 1, then whole-body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) at visits 2 and 3 in counterbalanced order (randomly assigned to WBV the LMV, or LMV then WBV), with visits at least 48 hours apart. Healthy controls matched by sex, age, and activity level complete a single visit with the control condition and serve as a comparison group for baseline biomechanics.
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
52 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07922785
Sponsor's protocol ID
26-0478
Other IDs
26-SRC049
Status last verified
Oct 2026
First submitted
2 Nov 2026
Last updated
6 Nov 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: Individual participant data will not be shared outside the research team. Study results will be reported in aggregate in publications and presentations, and the informed consent does not include provisions for sharing individual-level data with other researchers or public repositories.

Publications

  • Pamukoff DN, Pietrosimone B, Ryan ED, Lee DR, Brown LE, Blackburn JT. Whole-Body Vibration Improves Early Rate of Torque Development in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Nov;31(11):2992-3000. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001740.

    PubMed 27930453
  • Pamukoff DN, Pietrosimone B, Lewek MD, Ryan ED, Weinhold PS, Lee DR, Blackburn JT. Whole-Body and Local Muscle Vibration Immediately Improve Quadriceps Function in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Jul;97(7):1121-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.01.021. Epub 2016 Feb 8.

    PubMed 26869286
  • Troy Blackburn J, Dewig DR, Johnston CD. Time course of the effects of vibration on quadriceps function in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2021 Feb;56:102508. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102508. Epub 2020 Nov 28.

    PubMed 33302006
  • Blackburn T, Padua DA, Pietrosimone B, Schwartz TA, Spang JT, Goodwin JS, Dewig DR, Johnston CD. Vibration improves gait biomechanics linked to posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis following anterior cruciate ligament injury. J Orthop Res. 2021 May;39(5):1113-1122. doi: 10.1002/jor.24821. Epub 2020 Aug 12.

    PubMed 32757272

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Whole-body Vibration and Local Muscle Vibraton in people with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, run by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Sansung Hwang, MS (984-291-4830, sansungh@unc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Peak Hip Flexion Angle (time frame: Gait: visit 1. Stair ascent and descent: visit 1 before and after the control condition, and visits 2 and 3 immediately before and after vibration (visits at least 48 hours apart, within about 2 weeks).). The study lists 15 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07922785, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Nov 2026.

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