Patello Femoral Pain SyndromeNCT07921212
Effects of Telerehabilitation Versus Supervised Rehabilitation Protocol on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Recovery in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
A study testing Telerehabilitation and Supervised Rehabilitation in people with Patello Femoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study aims to compare the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation protocols on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Patello Femoral Pain Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Telerehabilitation and Supervised Rehabilitation
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 44 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 15 Oct 2026to 30 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- • Participants aged 18-60 years
- Anterior knee pain for at least 6 months.
- Presence of retro-patellar or peri-patellar pain lasting more than 6 weeks.
- Diagnosis of PFPS based on:
- Kujala score < 100). Participants were included with PFPS when Kujala (AKPS) score < 85 indicating limitation function limitation in PFPS.
- Positive Clarke's Test
- Pain during patellar compression or patellar facet palpation
Who cannot join
- • History of knee injury/trauma or lower extremity joint replacement.
- Systemic diseases: diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Synovitis of the knee, degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee, and history of prior chronic knee pain. Having referred pain coming from the lumbar spine, hips, ankles or feet.
- Athletes or individuals with high physical activity (based on GPAQ).
- Neurological disorders
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Riphah International University
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Iqra abdul ghafoor, PPDPT, 032116414266, Iqra.ghafoor@riphah.edu.pk
Vaneeza Jamshaid, DPT, 03064542445, malikawanvaneeza22@gmail.com
About this study
This study aims to compare the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation protocols on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS). The findings will help determine the effectiveness of remote rehabilitation compared to conventional supervised physiotherapy in improving clinical outcomes among PFPS patients.
Read the detailed description
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the knee, particularly among physically active individuals and young adults. It is characterized by anterior knee pain that is aggravated during activities such as stair climbing, squatting, running, prolonged sitting, and other weight-bearing tasks. PFPS can lead to reduced physical function, limitations in daily activities, decreased participation in sports, and a lower quality of life. Rehabilitation programs focusing on pain reduction, restoration of range of motion, muscle strengthening, and functional recovery are considered essential components of management.
Recent advances in digital healthcare have increased the use of telerehabilitation as an alternative method for delivering physiotherapy services. Telerehabilitation offers remote access to exercise programs and clinical guidance, making rehabilitation more accessible and convenient for patients. Several studies have reported positive outcomes of both supervised rehabilitation and telerehabilitation in managing musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence directly comparing the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation for improving pain, range of motion, and functional recovery in individuals with PFPS remains limited and inconsistent.
There is a need for further research to determine whether telerehabilitation can provide outcomes comparable to conventional supervised rehabilitation in patients with PFPS. Addressing this gap may help clinicians make evidence-based decisions regarding rehabilitation delivery methods and improve access to effective treatment for individuals experiencing patellofemoral pain.
- Conditions
- Patello Femoral Pain Syndrome
- Being tested
- Telerehabilitation, Supervised Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- anterior knee pain ,supervised rehabilitation, patellofemoral pain syndrome, telerehabilitation
- Medical subject headings
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TelerehabilitationOther
Also called Tele-rehab Protocol, Digital Physical Therapy Program , Remote Supervised Exercise Program
The telerehabilitation intervention consists of a structured rehabilitation program delivered remotely through virtual communication platforms. The program includes therapeutic exercises, stretching, strengthening, and functional training designed to reduce pain, improve knee range of motion, and enhance functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Participants will receive regular guidance, monitoring, and progression of exercises through remote sessions. Participants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins.
Baseline Protocol 5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion exercises
Supervised RehabilitationOther
Also called In-Clinic Physiotherapy, Face-to-Face Supervised Rehabilitation
Participants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions).
Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):
5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each).
Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises.
Exercise Progression Protocol:
Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Participants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins.
Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises. Exercise Progression Protocol: Week 1 (Muscle Activation \& Pain Relief). Week 2 (Subacute Phase - Closed Kinetic Chain \& Hip Stability)Week 3 (Intermediate Phase - Dynamic Stability),Week 4 (Advanced Phase - Eccentric Control),Week 5 (Functional Integration),Week 6 (High-Level Function \& Discharge Prep): Full depth controlled squats , Stair negotiation drills, Unassisted single-leg squats, and Multi-planar step agility drills. Receives: Other: Telerehabilitation |
| Group B | Experimental | Participants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions).
Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):
5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each).
Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises.
Exercise Progression Protocol:
Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance. Receives: Other: Supervised Rehabilitation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
The NPRS was utilized to assess the patient's pain level. Patients were asked to rate the intensity of their current pain level on an 11-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the worst discomfort possible).
Measured: The NPRS Scale will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
Anterior Knee Pain Scale/ Kujala Score
The Kujala score was originally designed to assess symptoms and functional disability in patients with Patellofemoral dysfunction. The grading system consists of 13 questions about functional features, such as limping, support, walking, stair descending and climbing, squatting, running, jumping, prolonged sitting with knees flexed, pain, swelling, kneecap movement, thigh atrophy, and flexion deficit. The maximum score is 100, and a higher number indicates a better result.
Measured: The Kujala Score will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
Universal Goniometer for ROM
The universal goniometer is the most often used clinical equipment for measuring ROM. Goniometer demonstrates good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability when used consistently with proper technique. The whole range of joint mobility can be measured in degrees by aligning the goniometer's fixed and moveable arms to specific bony landmarks on either side of the joint, and a universal goniometer is used to measure joint range of motion (ROM).
Measured: The ROM will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Nov 2026
- Study start15 Oct 2026
- Primary completion15 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Patello Femoral Pain SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This randomized controlled trial will enroll 40 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, divided into two groups. Group A is a Telerehabilitation group which will get online treatment through WhatsApp calls while Group B is a Supervised group in which patients will get a treatment in a clinic setting. It is a 6 week study, 3 sessions per week total 18 sessions of 40 min with outcomes measured by NPRS,Goniometer and Kujala Knee Pain Score.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ittefaq Hospital trust
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Vaneeza Jamshaid, DPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07921212
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Vaneeza Jamshaid RIU
- Status last verified
- Nov 2026
- First submitted
- 2 Nov 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Nilmart P, Vongsirinavarat M, Khawsuwan P, Chumthong K, Tadein R, Komalasari DR. Impact of telehealth-based therapeutic exercise on pain, functional performance and dynamic knee valgus in young adult females with patellofemoral pain: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2024 Dec 18;10(4):e001939. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-001939. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 39720152Lee JH, Shin KH, Lee GB, Son S, Jang KM. Comparison of Functional Outcomes between Supervised Rehabilitation and Telerehabilitation in Female Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 26;20(3):2233. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032233.
PubMed 36767600
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Telerehabilitation Versus Supervised Rehabilitation Protocol on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Recovery in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07921212
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Vaneeza Jamshaid RIU
- Conditions
- Patello Femoral Pain Syndrome
- Keywords
- anterior knee pain ,supervised rehabilitation, patellofemoral pain syndrome, telerehabilitation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ittefaq Hospital trust
- Study start
- 15 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Nov 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to compare the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation protocols on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS). The findings will help determine the effectiveness of remote rehabilitation compared to conventional supervised physiotherapy in improving clinical outcomes among PFPS patients.
Detailed description
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the knee, particularly among physically active individuals and young adults. It is characterized by anterior knee pain that is aggravated during activities such as stair climbing, squatting, running, prolonged sitting, and other weight-bearing tasks. PFPS can lead to reduced physical function, limitations in daily activities, decreased participation in sports, and a lower quality of life. Rehabilitation programs focusing on pain reduction, restoration of range of motion, muscle strengthening, and functional recovery are considered essential components of management.
Recent advances in digital healthcare have increased the use of telerehabilitation as an alternative method for delivering physiotherapy services. Telerehabilitation offers remote access to exercise programs and clinical guidance, making rehabilitation more accessible and convenient for patients. Several studies have reported positive outcomes of both supervised rehabilitation and telerehabilitation in managing musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence directly comparing the effects of telerehabilitation and supervised rehabilitation for improving pain, range of motion, and functional recovery in individuals with PFPS remains limited and inconsistent.
There is a need for further research to determine whether telerehabilitation can provide outcomes comparable to conventional supervised rehabilitation in patients with PFPS. Addressing this gap may help clinicians make evidence-based decisions regarding rehabilitation delivery methods and improve access to effective treatment for individuals experiencing patellofemoral pain.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This randomized controlled trial will enroll 40 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, divided into two groups. Group A is a Telerehabilitation group which will get online treatment through WhatsApp calls while Group B is a Supervised group in which patients will get a treatment in a clinic setting. It is a 6 week study, 3 sessions per week total 18 sessions of 40 min with outcomes measured by NPRS,Goniometer and Kujala Knee Pain Score.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: TelerehabilitationParticipants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins. Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise):5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises. Exercise Progression Protocol: Week 1 (Muscle Activation \& Pain Relief). Week 2 (Subacute Phase - Closed Kinetic Chain \& Hip Stability)Week 3 (Intermediate Phase - Dynamic Stability),Week 4 (Advanced Phase - Eccentric Control),Week 5 (Functional Integration),Week 6 (High-Level Function \& Discharge Prep): Full depth controlled squats , Stair negotiation drills, Unassisted single-leg squats, and Multi-planar step agility drills. |
| Group B | Experimental | Other: Supervised RehabilitationParticipants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions). Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise): 5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each). Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises. Exercise Progression Protocol: Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- • Participants aged 18-60 years
- Kujala score < 100). Participants were included with PFPS when Kujala (AKPS) score < 85 indicating limitation function limitation in PFPS.
- Positive Clarke's Test
- Pain during patellar compression or patellar facet palpation
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- • History of knee injury/trauma or lower extremity joint replacement.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TelerehabilitationAlso: Tele-rehab Protocol, Digital Physical Therapy Program , Remote Supervised Exercise ProgramThe telerehabilitation intervention consists of a structured rehabilitation program delivered remotely through virtual communication platforms. The program includes therapeutic exercises, stretching, strengthening, and functional training designed to reduce pain, improve knee range of motion, and enhance functional recovery in patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Participants will receive regular guidance, monitoring, and progression of exercises through remote sessions. Participants receive a structured 6-week telerehabilitation exercise program delivered remotely under live, real-time video call supervision by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week, total 18 sessions, for 40 mins. Baseline Protocol 5-10 minutes warm-up walk.10-15 minutes self-applied moist hot pack over anterior knee. Self-stretching exercises for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 30-second holds each).Pain-free active knee range of motion exercises | Other | Group A |
| Supervised RehabilitationAlso: In-Clinic Physiotherapy, Face-to-Face Supervised RehabilitationParticipants receive face-to-face, in-clinic supervised physical therapy delivered directly by a licensed physical therapist (3 sessions per week ,40 min,total 18 sessions). Baseline Protocol (Pre-Exercise): 5-10 minutes warm-up walk. 10-15 minutes hot pack surrounding patella). Therapist-assisted passive/active-assisted stretching for Hamstrings, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius-Soleus, and Iliotibial band (3 repetitions of 20-second holds each). Pain-free active and active-assisted knee range of motion (flexion and extension) exercises. Exercise Progression Protocol: Identical exercise progression framework as the Telerehabilitation group (Weeks 1 to 6 covering SLR, hip abduction, clamshells, squats, lunges, step-ups, step-downs, and single-leg balance), performed in-clinic under direct hands-on physical supervision and guidance. | Other | Group B |
Primary outcome
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Time frame: The NPRS Scale will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
The NPRS was utilized to assess the patient's pain level. Patients were asked to rate the intensity of their current pain level on an 11-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the worst discomfort possible).
Anterior Knee Pain Scale/ Kujala Score
Time frame: The Kujala Score will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
The Kujala score was originally designed to assess symptoms and functional disability in patients with Patellofemoral dysfunction. The grading system consists of 13 questions about functional features, such as limping, support, walking, stair descending and climbing, squatting, running, jumping, prolonged sitting with knees flexed, pain, swelling, kneecap movement, thigh atrophy, and flexion deficit. The maximum score is 100, and a higher number indicates a better result.
Universal Goniometer for ROM
Time frame: The ROM will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.
The universal goniometer is the most often used clinical equipment for measuring ROM. Goniometer demonstrates good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability when used consistently with proper technique. The whole range of joint mobility can be measured in degrees by aligning the goniometer's fixed and moveable arms to specific bony landmarks on either side of the joint, and a universal goniometer is used to measure joint range of motion (ROM).
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Nov 2026.
- Background: PubMed 39720152Nilmart P, Vongsirinavarat M, Khawsuwan P, Chumthong K, Tadein R, Komalasari DR. Impact of telehealth-based therapeutic exercise on pain, functional performance and dynamic knee valgus in young adult females with patellofemoral pain: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2024 Dec 18;10(4):e001939. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-001939. eCollection 2024.
- Background: PubMed 36767600Lee JH, Shin KH, Lee GB, Son S, Jang KM. Comparison of Functional Outcomes between Supervised Rehabilitation and Telerehabilitation in Female Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 26;20(3):2233. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032233.
- This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a telehealth-based therapeutic exercise (TTE) programme with real-time video conference supervision for young adult females with patellofemoral pain (PFP).Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Vaneeza Jamshaid, DPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Telerehabilitation and Supervised Rehabilitation in people with Patello Femoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Vaneeza Jamshaid, DPT (03064542445, malikawanvaneeza22@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (time frame: The NPRS Scale will be assessed at baseline (pre-intervention) and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The total intervention duration will be 6 weeks, with sessions conducted 3 times per week.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07921212, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Nov 2026.