Non Specific Neck PainNCT07909759
Effects of Cervical SNAGs With and Without Thoracic Manipulation on Neck Pain and Disability in Smartphone Users
A study testing Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy and Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional Physiotherapy in people with Non Specific Neck Pain, run by University of Management and Technology Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Non-specific neck pain is a pain and discomfort in the cervical spinal area that arises without trauma, clearly identifiable pathological cause such as fracture infection, nerve root compression, inflammatory disease or serious structural abnormality. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Non Specific Neck Pain
- What is being tested?
- Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy and Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional Physiotherapy
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 27 Oct 2026to 31 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Non-specific neck pain patients aged ≥ 20 to 50 years old (4). Both genders. Mild to moderate neck with NPRS pain score value of between 3/10 - 6/10. Patients with chronic non-specific neck pain (>=12 weeks) Individuals using smartphone for at-least 3-4 hours daily for the last 6 months
Who cannot join
- Any cervical pathology such as cervical fracture, tumor, infection, Inflammatory disease or myelopathy.
- Cervical radiculopathy or neurological signs Previous cervical spine surgery Any systemic or rheumatologic disease such as arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia or osteoporosis.
- Having red flag symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, fever, cancer history, night pain or any vertebral artery insufficiency symptoms.
- Any ongoing concurrent treatment such as other physiotherapy, chiropractic treatment or strong analgesic regimens
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Cervical Sustain Natural Apophyseal Glide With and Without Thoracic Spine Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Neck Disability in Smartphone Users With Non-Specific Neck Pain.
Non-specific neck pain is a pain and discomfort in the cervical spinal area that arises without trauma, clearly identifiable pathological cause such as fracture infection, nerve root compression, inflammatory disease or serious structural abnormality. Frequent smartphone use in a pathological way forces the user to adopt a compromised posture, gradually resulting in changes to both the postural and musculoskeletal systems. The incidence of non-specific neck pain (NSNP) makes up approximately 25% of all outpatients in general clinics and 12-70% of the general population. According to symptom duration, Chronic non-specific neck pain is usually classified as pain lasting or recurring for > 3 months. Techniques such as SNAG mobilization and thoracic manipulation may also improve posture and cervical biomechanics by restoring normal spinal mobility. The objective of this study will be to compare the effects of Cervical, Sustain Natural Apophyseal Glide with and Without Thoracic Spine Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Neck Disability in Smartphone Users with Non-Specific Neck Pain. Study design will be randomized clinical trial. Evaluation will be done by using NPRS, NDI and smartphone inclinometer. Non-probability convenient sampling will be used and the subjects will be allocated to two groups by random allocation. Group A will receive cervical SNAG and thoracic manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy and Group B will receive cervical SNAGS alone with conventional physiotherapy. Both groups will receive 12 sessions for the period of 4 weeks. Measurements of all the outcome variables will be taken at baseline, 2nd and 4th week. Results will be analyzed by using SPSS 24
- Conditions
- Non Specific Neck Pain
- Being tested
- Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy, Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional Physiotherapy
- Keywords
- SNAG, Mulligan mobilization, thoracic manipulation, non-specific neck pain, smartphone users, neck pain, range of motion, neck disability
- Medical subject headings
- Neck Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapyOther
Participants in Group A will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization combined with thoracic spine manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy treatment.
- Cervical SNAG Mobilization Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets.
- Thoracic Spine Manipulation High velocity low amplitude (HVLA) thoracic manipulation will be applied to the upper thoracic region (T1-T4/T6) with the participant in prone lying position. Manipulation frequency will be 1-2 thrusts per session and target region will be upper thoracic hypomobile segments.
Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional PhysiotherapyOther
Participants in Group B will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization alone along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy | Experimental | Participants in Group A will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization combined with thoracic spine manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy treatment.
* Cervical SNAG Mobilization Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets.
* Thoracic Spine Manipulation High velocity low amplitude (HVLA) thoracic manipulation will be applied to the upper thoracic region (T1-T4/T6) with the participant in prone lying position. Manipulation frequency will be 1-2 thrusts per session and target region will be upper thoracic hypomobile segments. Receives: Other: Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy |
| Cervical SNAGS alone with conventional physiotherapy | Experimental | Participants in Group B will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization alone along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets. Receives: Other: Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional Physiotherapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE
Numeric Rating Scale (NPRS) is most frequently used instruments to measure pain intensity in low back pain (LBP). The 11-point numeric with 0 representing No pain, 1-3 representing Mild Pain (nagging, annoying, interfering little with ADLs), 4-6 representing Moderate Pains (interferes significantly with ADLs), 7-10 representing Sever Pain (disabling, unable to perform ADLs).
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
The Neck Disability Index (NDI)
The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a ten-item questionnaire based on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index that assesses disability associated with neck pain and whiplash.
It is the most widely used and most strongly validated instrument for assessing self-rated disability in patients with neck pain. It has been used effectively in both clinical and research settings in the treatment of this very common problem. (16) There are four items that relate to subjective symptomatology (pain intensity, headache, concentration, sleeping) and six items that relate to activities of daily living (lifting, work, driving, recreation, personal care, reading). The questionnaire requires only 5-10 minutes to complete and score, and requires no special training to administer. A score of less than 4 indicates no disability, 5-14 mild disability, 15-24 moderate disability, 25-34 severe disability, and scores greater than 35 complete disabilities
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
SMARTPHONE INCLINOMETER
Cervical range of motion (ROM) is commonly assessed using instruments such as the Universal Goniometer and smartphone-based inclinometers.
Cervical range of motion (ROM) in the present study will be measured using a smartphone-based digital inclinometer application. Smartphone inclinometers utilize built-in accelerometer and gyroscope sensors to provide objective angular measurements in degrees. Recent evidence supports their validity and reliability for cervical ROM assessment in both clinical and research settings. A systematic review by Elgueta (18) reported that smartphone applications demonstrated good to excellent reliability and acceptable validity for measuring cervical ROM. Similarly Romero found that smartphone-based applications showed high concurrent validity and excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability for cervical ROM measurements.(19) Furthermore, Huang concluded that smartphone integrated inclinometers provide accurate, reliable, rapid, and convenient assessment o
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Nov 2026
- Study start27 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Non Specific Neck PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Non-specific neck pain is a pain and discomfort in the cervical spinal area that arises without trauma, clearly identifiable pathological cause such as fracture infection, nerve root compression, inflammatory disease or serious structural abnormality. Frequent smartphone use in a pathological way forces the user to adopt a compromised posture, gradually resulting in changes to both the postural and musculoskeletal systems. The incidence of non-specific neck pain (NSNP) makes up approximately 25% of all outpatients in general clinics and 12-70% of the general population. According to symptom duration, Chronic non-specific neck pain is usually classified as pain lasting or recurring for \> 3 months. Techniques such as SNAG mobilization and thoracic manipulation may also improve posture and cervical biomechanics by restoring normal spinal mobility. The objective of this study will be to compare the effects of Cervical, SNAG with and Without Thoracic Spine manipulation
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Management and Technology Lahore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07909759
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RE-205-2026
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 26 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 2 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The results data collected, de-identified individual participant data will be shared.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Cervical Sustain Natural Apophyseal Glide With and Without Thoracic Spine Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Neck Disability in Smartphone Users With Non-Specific Neck Pain.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07909759
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RE-205-2026
- Conditions
- Non Specific Neck Pain
- Keywords
- SNAG, Mulligan mobilization, thoracic manipulation, non-specific neck pain, smartphone users, neck pain, range of motion, neck disability
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Management and Technology LahoreUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 2 Nov 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Non-specific neck pain is a pain and discomfort in the cervical spinal area that arises without trauma, clearly identifiable pathological cause such as fracture infection, nerve root compression, inflammatory disease or serious structural abnormality. Frequent smartphone use in a pathological way forces the user to adopt a compromised posture, gradually resulting in changes to both the postural and musculoskeletal systems. The incidence of non-specific neck pain (NSNP) makes up approximately 25% of all outpatients in general clinics and 12-70% of the general population. According to symptom duration, Chronic non-specific neck pain is usually classified as pain lasting or recurring for > 3 months. Techniques such as SNAG mobilization and thoracic manipulation may also improve posture and cervical biomechanics by restoring normal spinal mobility. The objective of this study will be to compare the effects of Cervical, Sustain Natural Apophyseal Glide with and Without Thoracic Spine Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Neck Disability in Smartphone Users with Non-Specific Neck Pain. Study design will be randomized clinical trial. Evaluation will be done by using NPRS, NDI and smartphone inclinometer. Non-probability convenient sampling will be used and the subjects will be allocated to two groups by random allocation. Group A will receive cervical SNAG and thoracic manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy and Group B will receive cervical SNAGS alone with conventional physiotherapy. Both groups will receive 12 sessions for the period of 4 weeks. Measurements of all the outcome variables will be taken at baseline, 2nd and 4th week. Results will be analyzed by using SPSS 24
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Non-specific neck pain is a pain and discomfort in the cervical spinal area that arises without trauma, clearly identifiable pathological cause such as fracture infection, nerve root compression, inflammatory disease or serious structural abnormality. Frequent smartphone use in a pathological way forces the user to adopt a compromised posture, gradually resulting in changes to both the postural and musculoskeletal systems. The incidence of non-specific neck pain (NSNP) makes up approximately 25% of all outpatients in general clinics and 12-70% of the general population. According to symptom duration, Chronic non-specific neck pain is usually classified as pain lasting or recurring for > 3 months. Techniques such as SNAG mobilization and thoracic manipulation may also improve posture and cervical biomechanics by restoring normal spinal mobility. The objective of this study will be to compare the effects of Cervical, SNAG with and Without Thoracic Spine manipulation
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy | Experimental | Other: Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapyParticipants in Group A will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization combined with thoracic spine manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. * Cervical SNAG Mobilization Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets. * Thoracic Spine Manipulation High velocity low amplitude (HVLA) thoracic manipulation will be applied to the upper thoracic region (T1-T4/T6) with the participant in prone lying position. Manipulation frequency will be 1-2 thrusts per session and target region will be upper thoracic hypomobile segments. |
| Cervical SNAGS alone with conventional physiotherapy | Experimental | Other: Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional PhysiotherapyParticipants in Group B will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization alone along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Non-specific neck pain patients aged ≥ 20 to 50 years old (4). Both genders. Mild to moderate neck with NPRS pain score value of between 3/10 - 6/10. Patients with chronic non-specific neck pain (>=12 weeks) Individuals using smartphone for at-least 3-4 hours daily for the last 6 months
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Any cervical pathology such as cervical fracture, tumor, infection, Inflammatory disease or myelopathy.
- Cervical radiculopathy or neurological signs Previous cervical spine surgery Any systemic or rheumatologic disease such as arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia or osteoporosis.
- Having red flag symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, fever, cancer history, night pain or any vertebral artery insufficiency symptoms.
- Any ongoing concurrent treatment such as other physiotherapy, chiropractic treatment or strong analgesic regimens
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapyParticipants in Group A will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization combined with thoracic spine manipulation along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. * Cervical SNAG Mobilization Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets. * Thoracic Spine Manipulation High velocity low amplitude (HVLA) thoracic manipulation will be applied to the upper thoracic region (T1-T4/T6) with the participant in prone lying position. Manipulation frequency will be 1-2 thrusts per session and target region will be upper thoracic hypomobile segments. | Other | Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy |
| Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional PhysiotherapyParticipants in Group B will receive Cervical Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) mobilization alone along with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Cervical SNAG mobilization will be applied according to Mulligan's concept in a pain-free direction. The therapist will apply a sustained facet glide while the participant actively performs the restricted cervical movement (flexion, extension, rotation, or side bending). There will be 3 sets of 6-10 repetitions per movement. The hold duration will be 3-5 seconds with the rest interval of 30 seconds between sets | Other | Cervical SNAGS alone with conventional physiotherapy |
Primary outcome
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
Numeric Rating Scale (NPRS) is most frequently used instruments to measure pain intensity in low back pain (LBP). The 11-point numeric with 0 representing No pain, 1-3 representing Mild Pain (nagging, annoying, interfering little with ADLs), 4-6 representing Moderate Pains (interferes significantly with ADLs), 7-10 representing Sever Pain (disabling, unable to perform ADLs).
The Neck Disability Index (NDI)
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a ten-item questionnaire based on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index that assesses disability associated with neck pain and whiplash. It is the most widely used and most strongly validated instrument for assessing self-rated disability in patients with neck pain. It has been used effectively in both clinical and research settings in the treatment of this very common problem. (16) There are four items that relate to subjective symptomatology (pain intensity, headache, concentration, sleeping) and six items that relate to activities of daily living (lifting, work, driving, recreation, personal care, reading). The questionnaire requires only 5-10 minutes to complete and score, and requires no special training to administer. A score of less than 4 indicates no disability, 5-14 mild disability, 15-24 moderate disability, 25-34 severe disability, and scores greater than 35 complete disabilities
SMARTPHONE INCLINOMETER
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
Cervical range of motion (ROM) is commonly assessed using instruments such as the Universal Goniometer and smartphone-based inclinometers. Cervical range of motion (ROM) in the present study will be measured using a smartphone-based digital inclinometer application. Smartphone inclinometers utilize built-in accelerometer and gyroscope sensors to provide objective angular measurements in degrees. Recent evidence supports their validity and reliability for cervical ROM assessment in both clinical and research settings. A systematic review by Elgueta (18) reported that smartphone applications demonstrated good to excellent reliability and acceptable validity for measuring cervical ROM. Similarly Romero found that smartphone-based applications showed high concurrent validity and excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability for cervical ROM measurements.(19) Furthermore, Huang concluded that smartphone integrated inclinometers provide accurate, reliable, rapid, and convenient assessment o
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Nov 2026.
- Manual therapy versus therapeutic exercise in non-specific chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled trialLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The results data collected, de-identified individual participant data will be shared.
Related trials for Non Specific Neck Pain
Not yet recruiting
Effects of Whole-Body Vibration and Cervical Stabilization With Core Stabilization in Young Adults With Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Active, not recruiting
Multimodal Manual Therapy vs. Maitland Mobilization for Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain
Chronic Neck Pain
Not yet recruiting
Effects of Muscle Energy Technique With and Without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on Neck Pain in Students
Non Psecific Neck Pain
Not yet recruiting
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Motor Imagery Exercises and Suboccipital Myofascial Release Techniques in Nonspecific Chronic Neck Pain
Non-specific Chronic Neck Pain
Not yet recruiting
Comparative Effects Of Exercises Targeting Upper Trapezius In Patients With Non Specific Neck Pain
Non Specific Neck Pain
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Cervical SNAGS and thoracic manipulation with conventional physiotherapy and Cervical SNAG Mobilization Alone + Conventional Physiotherapy in people with Non Specific Neck Pain, run by University of Management and Technology Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE (time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Nov 2026.