Non Psecific Neck PainNCT07912112
Effects of Muscle Energy Technique With and Without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on Neck Pain in Students
A study testing Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. and Muscle Energy Technique. in people with Non Psecific Neck Pain, run by University of Management and Technology Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Non-specific neck pain is neck pain that cannot be attributed to any known, specific pathology such as inflammatory disease, cancer, fracture or infection. Non-specific neck pain accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders among young people, especially university students, due to prolonged static… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Non Psecific Neck Pain
- What is being tested?
- Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. and Muscle Energy Technique.
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 28 Oct 2026to 31 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- University students(16)
- 18 to 30-year-old male and female.(7)(21)(16)
- The clinical diagnosis of non-specific neck pain.(27)
- Lasts for at least 6 to 12 weeks, and has no obvious specific pathology.(21)
- At the time of enrolment, a neck pain level of four or higher on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).(8)
Who cannot join
- Cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy.(27)
- Previous cervical spine and shoulder trauma or surgery(27).
- Diagnosed systemic or serious pathology, including malignancy, infection, inflammatory arthritis (12)
- Participation in any structured physical therapy for neck pain within the preceding 6 months.(27)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Muscle Energy Technique With and Without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on Pain, Range of Motion and Disability Among Students With Non-Specific Neck Pain.
Non-specific neck pain is neck pain that cannot be attributed to any known, specific pathology such as inflammatory disease, cancer, fracture or infection. Non-specific neck pain accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders among young people, especially university students, due to prolonged static postures, prolonged screen time and poor ergonomic habits. In some cases, muscular imbalances or excessive activity of the cervical and periscapular muscles due to prolonged forward head posture is suggested to be the cause. In other cases, altered neuromuscular function, limited movement of the scapulothoracic region resulting in altered cervical mechanics or mild dysfunction of the facet joints between cervical vertebrae may be the cause. In addition to these, there may be other minor disorders that cause pain and impairment of function in the connective tissues and surrounding soft tissue components in the neck and upper thorax. When symptoms last longer than three months, the term "chronic" non-specific neck pain is used.
Non-specific neck pain has been treated with numerous therapeutic interventions such as manual therapy, exercise based approaches, dry needling, postural correction and soft tissue procedures. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is an active osteopathic manual therapies method that uses the patient's own contractions to lengthen and relax hypertonic muscles and improve joint mobility. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique with and without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability among university students with non-specific neck pain. The study design will be a randomized clinical trial and evaluation will be done using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Goniometer. However, the most effective combination of these interventions as a method of rehabilitation for altered cervical kinematics and pain. Further research is necessary to determine the best effective mix of these interventions as a rehabilitation strategy for non-specific neck pain in college students, which reflects the complexity of the condition. This study aims to assess the response of university students with non-specific neck pain to Muscle Energy Technique with and without Scapulothoracic Mobilization in terms of pain, range of motion and impairment. A randomized clinical trial will be used as the study design. The Neck Disability Index (NDI), Goniometer and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) will be used for evaluation. The subjects will be divided into two groups at random using non-probability convenient sampling; Group A will receive Muscle Energy Technique in addition to Scapulothoracic Mobilizations, while Group B will receive Muscle Energy Technique alone. Prior to the application of the technique, both groups will receive a 15-minute moist heat as a basic treatment for non-specific neck pain; both groups will receive 12 sessions over the course of four weeks; measurements of all outcome variables will be taken at baseline, the second week, and the fourth week. The results will be analyzed using SPSS 24.
- Conditions
- Non Psecific Neck Pain
- Being tested
- Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization., Muscle Energy Technique.
- Keywords
- Nonspecific neck pain, Scapulothoracic mobilization, Muscle energy technique, students.
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization.Other
will undergo scapulothoracic mobilization after receiving Muscle Energy Technique (MET) that targets the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. The therapist will position the cervical spine in flexion, contralateral side bending, and minor ipsilateral rotation for the upper trapezius as the patient lies supine until the initial resistance barrier is reached. After 7-10 seconds of an isometric shoulder shrug against 20-30% therapist resistance, the participant will relax. Following relaxation, the therapist will gently stretch the new barrier and hold it there for ten to fifteen seconds. This process will be carried out five times. The cervical spine will be positioned in flexion, contralateral side bending, and contralateral rotation for the levator scapulae. The participant will attempt to raise the shoulder against therapist resistance for 7-10 seconds as part of a mild isometric contraction. After that, they will rest and stretch for 10-15 seconds. There will be five repeats
Muscle Energy Technique.Other
will be given the identical MET program as Group A for the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. Nevertheless, there won't be any scapulothoracic mobilization. In order to compare results and ascertain the extra impact of scapulothoracic mobilization, this group will solely receive the MET intervention. Participants in both groups will be advised to do a standardized at-home exercise regimen that includes deep cervical flexor activation activities, pectoralis muscle stretching, chin tuck movements, and scapular retraction exercises in addition to the supervised treatment sessions. Stretching exercises will be held for 30 seconds and repeated three times a day, while each exercise will be done in three sets of ten repetitions
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. | Experimental | will undergo scapulothoracic mobilization after receiving Muscle Energy Technique (MET) that targets the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. The therapist will position the cervical spine in flexion, contralateral side bending, and minor ipsilateral rotation for the upper trapezius as the patient lies supine until the initial resistance barrier is reached. After 7-10 seconds of an isometric shoulder shrug against 20-30% therapist resistance, the participant will relax. Following relaxation, the therapist will gently stretch the new barrier and hold it there for ten to fifteen seconds. This process will be carried out five times. The cervical spine will be positioned in flexion, contralateral side bending, and contralateral rotation for the levator scapulae. The participant will attempt to raise the shoulder against therapist resistance for 7-10 seconds as part of a mild isometric contraction. After that, they will rest and stretch for 10-15 seconds. There will be five repeat Receives: Other: Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. |
| Muscle Energy Technique. | Active comparator | will be given the identical MET program as Group A for the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. Nevertheless, there won't be any scapulothoracic mobilization. In order to compare results and ascertain the extra impact of scapulothoracic mobilization, this group will solely receive the MET intervention. Participants in both groups will be advised to do a standardized at-home exercise regimen that includes deep cervical flexor activation activities, pectoralis muscle stretching, chin tuck movements, and scapular retraction exercises in addition to the supervised treatment sessions. Stretching exercises will be held for 30 seconds and repeated three times a day, while each exercise will be done in three sets of ten repetitions. Receives: Other: Muscle Energy Technique. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE
Numeric Rating Scale (NPRS) is most frequently used instruments to measure pain intensity in low back pain (LBP). The 11-point numeric with 0 representing No pain, 1-3 representing Mild Pain (nagging, annoying, interfering little with ADLs), 4-6 representing Moderate Pains (interferes significantly with ADLs), 7-10 representing Sever Pain (disabling, unable to perform ADLs).
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
The Neck Disability Index (NDI)
The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a ten-item questionnaire based on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index that assesses disability associated with neck pain and whiplash.
It is the most widely used and most strongly validated instrument for assessing self-rated disability in patients with neck pain. It has been used effectively in both clinical and research settings in the treatment of this very common problem. (16) There are four items that relate to subjective symptomatology (pain intensity, headache, concentration, sleeping) and six items that relate to activities of daily living (lifting, work, driving, recreation, personal care, reading). The questionnaire requires only 5-10 minutes to complete and score, and requires no special training to administer. A score of less than 4 indicates no disability, 5-14 mild disability, 15-24 moderate disability, 25-34 severe disability, and scores greater than 35 complete disabilities
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
CLINOMETER PLUS BUBBLE LEVEL
The Clinometer application (Plaincode App Development, Google Play Store) on a smartphone will be used to measure active cervical range of motion (ROM) in all six directions: flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion, and right and left rotation. The participant will be seated upright for flexion, extension, and lateral flexion, and supine for rotation, as the supine position shifts the device into a vertical plane using the accelerometer rather than the magnetometer, resolving the poor rotation validity seen in seated protocols. With SEM ranging from 1.17° to 2.01° and minimal detectable change from 1.18° to 2.02°, the Clinometer application showed moderate to excellent concurrent validity (ICC = 0.544-0.888, p < 0.01) and moderate to excellent intra rater reliability (ICC = 0.774-0.928) across all six cervical movements, confirming its validity and reliability for measuring active cervical range of motion (40). With the smartphone flat against the corresponding plane of the
Measured: baseline and after 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Nov 2026
- Study start28 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Non Psecific Neck PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Non-specific neck pain is neck pain that cannot be attributed to any known, specific pathology such as inflammatory disease, cancer, fracture or infection. Non-specific neck pain accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders among young people, especially university students, due to prolonged static postures, prolonged screen time and poor ergonomic habits. In some cases, muscular imbalances or excessive activity of the cervical and periscapular muscles due to prolonged forward head posture is suggested to be the cause. In other cases, altered neuromuscular function, limited movement of the scapulothoracic region resulting in altered cervical mechanics or mild dysfunction of the facet joints between cervical vertebrae may be the cause. In addition to these, there may be other minor disorders that cause pain and impairment of function in the connective tissues and surrounding soft tissue components in the neck and upper thorax. When symptoms last longer than three months,
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Management and Technology Lahore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07912112
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RE-210-2026
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 3 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The results data collected, de-identified individual participant data will be shared.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Muscle Energy Technique With and Without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on Pain, Range of Motion and Disability Among Students With Non-Specific Neck Pain.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07912112
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RE-210-2026
- Conditions
- Non Psecific Neck Pain
- Keywords
- Nonspecific neck pain, Scapulothoracic mobilization, Muscle energy technique, students.
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Management and Technology LahoreUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Nov 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Non-specific neck pain is neck pain that cannot be attributed to any known, specific pathology such as inflammatory disease, cancer, fracture or infection. Non-specific neck pain accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders among young people, especially university students, due to prolonged static postures, prolonged screen time and poor ergonomic habits. In some cases, muscular imbalances or excessive activity of the cervical and periscapular muscles due to prolonged forward head posture is suggested to be the cause. In other cases, altered neuromuscular function, limited movement of the scapulothoracic region resulting in altered cervical mechanics or mild dysfunction of the facet joints between cervical vertebrae may be the cause. In addition to these, there may be other minor disorders that cause pain and impairment of function in the connective tissues and surrounding soft tissue components in the neck and upper thorax. When symptoms last longer than three months, the term "chronic" non-specific neck pain is used.
Non-specific neck pain has been treated with numerous therapeutic interventions such as manual therapy, exercise based approaches, dry needling, postural correction and soft tissue procedures. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is an active osteopathic manual therapies method that uses the patient's own contractions to lengthen and relax hypertonic muscles and improve joint mobility. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique with and without Scapulothoracic Mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability among university students with non-specific neck pain. The study design will be a randomized clinical trial and evaluation will be done using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Goniometer. However, the most effective combination of these interventions as a method of rehabilitation for altered cervical kinematics and pain. Further research is necessary to determine the best effective mix of these interventions as a rehabilitation strategy for non-specific neck pain in college students, which reflects the complexity of the condition. This study aims to assess the response of university students with non-specific neck pain to Muscle Energy Technique with and without Scapulothoracic Mobilization in terms of pain, range of motion and impairment. A randomized clinical trial will be used as the study design. The Neck Disability Index (NDI), Goniometer and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) will be used for evaluation. The subjects will be divided into two groups at random using non-probability convenient sampling; Group A will receive Muscle Energy Technique in addition to Scapulothoracic Mobilizations, while Group B will receive Muscle Energy Technique alone. Prior to the application of the technique, both groups will receive a 15-minute moist heat as a basic treatment for non-specific neck pain; both groups will receive 12 sessions over the course of four weeks; measurements of all outcome variables will be taken at baseline, the second week, and the fourth week. The results will be analyzed using SPSS 24.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Non-specific neck pain is neck pain that cannot be attributed to any known, specific pathology such as inflammatory disease, cancer, fracture or infection. Non-specific neck pain accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders among young people, especially university students, due to prolonged static postures, prolonged screen time and poor ergonomic habits. In some cases, muscular imbalances or excessive activity of the cervical and periscapular muscles due to prolonged forward head posture is suggested to be the cause. In other cases, altered neuromuscular function, limited movement of the scapulothoracic region resulting in altered cervical mechanics or mild dysfunction of the facet joints between cervical vertebrae may be the cause. In addition to these, there may be other minor disorders that cause pain and impairment of function in the connective tissues and surrounding soft tissue components in the neck and upper thorax. When symptoms last longer than three months,
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. | Experimental | Other: Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization.will undergo scapulothoracic mobilization after receiving Muscle Energy Technique (MET) that targets the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. The therapist will position the cervical spine in flexion, contralateral side bending, and minor ipsilateral rotation for the upper trapezius as the patient lies supine until the initial resistance barrier is reached. After 7-10 seconds of an isometric shoulder shrug against 20-30% therapist resistance, the participant will relax. Following relaxation, the therapist will gently stretch the new barrier and hold it there for ten to fifteen seconds. This process will be carried out five times. The cervical spine will be positioned in flexion, contralateral side bending, and contralateral rotation for the levator scapulae. The participant will attempt to raise the shoulder against therapist resistance for 7-10 seconds as part of a mild isometric contraction. After that, they will rest and stretch for 10-15 seconds. There will be five repeat |
| Muscle Energy Technique. | Active comparator | Other: Muscle Energy Technique.will be given the identical MET program as Group A for the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. Nevertheless, there won't be any scapulothoracic mobilization. In order to compare results and ascertain the extra impact of scapulothoracic mobilization, this group will solely receive the MET intervention. Participants in both groups will be advised to do a standardized at-home exercise regimen that includes deep cervical flexor activation activities, pectoralis muscle stretching, chin tuck movements, and scapular retraction exercises in addition to the supervised treatment sessions. Stretching exercises will be held for 30 seconds and repeated three times a day, while each exercise will be done in three sets of ten repetitions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- University students(16)
- 18 to 30-year-old male and female.(7)(21)(16)
- The clinical diagnosis of non-specific neck pain.(27)
- Lasts for at least 6 to 12 weeks, and has no obvious specific pathology.(21)
- At the time of enrolment, a neck pain level of four or higher on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).(8)
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy.(27)
- Previous cervical spine and shoulder trauma or surgery(27).
- Diagnosed systemic or serious pathology, including malignancy, infection, inflammatory arthritis (12)
- Participation in any structured physical therapy for neck pain within the preceding 6 months.(27)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization.will undergo scapulothoracic mobilization after receiving Muscle Energy Technique (MET) that targets the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. The therapist will position the cervical spine in flexion, contralateral side bending, and minor ipsilateral rotation for the upper trapezius as the patient lies supine until the initial resistance barrier is reached. After 7-10 seconds of an isometric shoulder shrug against 20-30% therapist resistance, the participant will relax. Following relaxation, the therapist will gently stretch the new barrier and hold it there for ten to fifteen seconds. This process will be carried out five times. The cervical spine will be positioned in flexion, contralateral side bending, and contralateral rotation for the levator scapulae. The participant will attempt to raise the shoulder against therapist resistance for 7-10 seconds as part of a mild isometric contraction. After that, they will rest and stretch for 10-15 seconds. There will be five repeats | Other | Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. |
| Muscle Energy Technique.will be given the identical MET program as Group A for the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles. Nevertheless, there won't be any scapulothoracic mobilization. In order to compare results and ascertain the extra impact of scapulothoracic mobilization, this group will solely receive the MET intervention. Participants in both groups will be advised to do a standardized at-home exercise regimen that includes deep cervical flexor activation activities, pectoralis muscle stretching, chin tuck movements, and scapular retraction exercises in addition to the supervised treatment sessions. Stretching exercises will be held for 30 seconds and repeated three times a day, while each exercise will be done in three sets of ten repetitions | Other | Muscle Energy Technique. |
Primary outcome
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
Numeric Rating Scale (NPRS) is most frequently used instruments to measure pain intensity in low back pain (LBP). The 11-point numeric with 0 representing No pain, 1-3 representing Mild Pain (nagging, annoying, interfering little with ADLs), 4-6 representing Moderate Pains (interferes significantly with ADLs), 7-10 representing Sever Pain (disabling, unable to perform ADLs).
The Neck Disability Index (NDI)
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a ten-item questionnaire based on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index that assesses disability associated with neck pain and whiplash. It is the most widely used and most strongly validated instrument for assessing self-rated disability in patients with neck pain. It has been used effectively in both clinical and research settings in the treatment of this very common problem. (16) There are four items that relate to subjective symptomatology (pain intensity, headache, concentration, sleeping) and six items that relate to activities of daily living (lifting, work, driving, recreation, personal care, reading). The questionnaire requires only 5-10 minutes to complete and score, and requires no special training to administer. A score of less than 4 indicates no disability, 5-14 mild disability, 15-24 moderate disability, 25-34 severe disability, and scores greater than 35 complete disabilities
CLINOMETER PLUS BUBBLE LEVEL
Time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks
The Clinometer application (Plaincode App Development, Google Play Store) on a smartphone will be used to measure active cervical range of motion (ROM) in all six directions: flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion, and right and left rotation. The participant will be seated upright for flexion, extension, and lateral flexion, and supine for rotation, as the supine position shifts the device into a vertical plane using the accelerometer rather than the magnetometer, resolving the poor rotation validity seen in seated protocols. With SEM ranging from 1.17° to 2.01° and minimal detectable change from 1.18° to 2.02°, the Clinometer application showed moderate to excellent concurrent validity (ICC = 0.544-0.888, p < 0.01) and moderate to excellent intra rater reliability (ICC = 0.774-0.928) across all six cervical movements, confirming its validity and reliability for measuring active cervical range of motion (40). With the smartphone flat against the corresponding plane of the
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Nov 2026.
- Manual therapy versus therapeutic exercise in non-specific chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled trialLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The results data collected, de-identified individual participant data will be shared.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Muscle Energy Technique + Scapulothoracic Mobilization. and Muscle Energy Technique. in people with Non Psecific Neck Pain, run by University of Management and Technology Lahore at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE (time frame: baseline and after 4 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Nov 2026.