Intellectual Disability, Mild to ModerateBAT-MAP-IDNCT07729163
Body Awareness Training for Motor Skills and Activity Performance in Children With Intellectual Disabilities
A study testing Body Awareness Training and Conventional Physiotherapy and Conventional Physiotherapy in people with Intellectual Disability, Mild to Moderate, run by Cyprus International University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
We tested whether adding a simple, structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) program to conventional physiotherapy improves motor skills, everyday activity performance, and participation (goal achievement and satisfaction) in children with mild to moderate intellectual disability.41 children aged 8-15 years with mild… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 8 to 15 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Intellectual Disability, Mild to Moderate
- What is being tested?
- Body Awareness Training and Conventional Physiotherapy and Conventional Physiotherapy
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 41 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 4 Aug 2025to 24 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 8 to 15 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Age between 8 and 15 years
- Mild or moderate intellectual disability with sufficient cognitive and verbal communication ability to understand and follow instructions.
Who cannot join
- Receiving any treatment other than conventional physiotherapy within the previous 6 months
- Having any orthopedic disorder or history of orthopedic surgery
- Communication problems in parents or caregivers
- Absence from more than three treatment sessions.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Cyprus International University
Mersin, Mersin, 99040
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of Body Awareness Training on Motor Skills, Activity Performance, and Participation in Children With Intellectual Disabilities: A Randomized Controlled Study
We tested whether adding a simple, structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) program to conventional physiotherapy improves motor skills, everyday activity performance, and participation (goal achievement and satisfaction) in children with mild to moderate intellectual disability.41 children aged 8-15 years with mild or moderate intellectual disability completed the study. They were randomly assigned to receive either standard physiotherapy (control) or the same physiotherapy plus Body Awareness Training (intervention).All children received conventional physiotherapy three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total). The physiotherapy included warm-up, range-of-motion, stretching, strengthening exercises and electrotherapy. The intervention group received an additional 30 minutes per session of Body Awareness Training during the same period. BAT activities were simple, rhythmic, and child-friendly. Both groups improved in some fine motor domains, but improvements were larger in the group that received Body Awareness Training. The BAT group showed additional significant gains in manual dexterity, balance, and running speed/agility that were not observed in the control group. Children in the BAT group reported greater improvements in everyday activity performance and higher satisfaction. The BAT group also achieved better outcomes on individualized functional goals (GAS) for several prioritized activities.
Most improvements were maintained at the 10-week follow-up. Adding short, structured Body Awareness Training to routine physiotherapy may provide extra benefits for motor coordination, balance, and meaningful everyday functioning in children with mild-moderate intellectual disability.
BAT exercises are low-cost, adaptable, and can be integrated into regular therapy sessions; they may help bridge improvements in motor skills to better performance and participation in daily life. Clinicians should individualize intensity and progression according to each child's abilities and stop or adapt activities if pain, excessive fatigue, or breathlessness occurs.
Read the detailed description
This randomized, assessor-blinded controlled trial evaluated a reproducible rehabilitation approach that integrates a standardized Body Awareness Training (BAT) module into conventional pediatric physiotherapy for children with mild-moderate intellectual disability. Grounded in sensorimotor and interoceptive theories of motor learning, the intervention aimed to improve proprioceptive, vestibular and interoceptive processing to support motor control, postural strategies and attentional regulation and thereby enhance activity performance and participation within the ICF framework. The study used a six-week, thrice-weekly dosing schedule (18 sessions); control sessions were 60 minutes of individualized physiotherapy (warm-up, ROM, stretching, strengthening, electrotherapy, cool-down) while the intervention sessions added a 30-minute BAT module delivered one-to-one by a trained physiotherapist. BAT core elements-body scanning, opening/closing and cross-body coordination, rhythmic tactile "catwalk" stimulation, standing alignment tasks, controlled weight-transfer and stability-limits practice, and breathing-wave integration-were delivered in a flexible, modular sequence and progressed in complexity and challenge across weeks according to each child's tolerance and mastery; tempo, repetitions, sensory support and assistance level were adapted individually and documented. Therapists completed standardized fidelity checklists and session logs; a subset of sessions was audited to ensure adherence. Safety procedures included screening exclusions (recent orthopedic surgery, contraindicating comorbidity, severe communication barriers), real-time monitoring for pain, excessive fatigue, dizziness or respiratory distress with immediate modification or cessation as needed, and withdrawal for participants missing >3 sessions. Outcomes spanned impairment to participation (BOT-2 SF, COPM, GAS) assessed at baseline, post-treatment and 10-week follow-up by a blinded assessor. Statistical planning used an a priori power calculation, repeated-measures mixed ANOVA for continuous outcomes and non-parametric analyses with effect sizes for ordinal GAS data; analyses were per-protocol with minimal missing data and no imputation. The intervention is intentionally low-cost and modular to support clinical adaptation, though trial delivery relied on trained, single-therapist, one-to-one sessions; implementers wishing to target strength specifically should add progressive overload components and longer follow-up is recommended to assess durability. De-identified data, the BAT manual and fidelity checklist are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
- Being tested
- Body Awareness Training and Conventional Physiotherapy, Conventional Physiotherapy
- Keywords
- Activity, Body awareness, Intellectual disability, Motor performance, Participation
- Medical subject headings
- Intellectual Disability, Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Body Awareness Training and Conventional PhysiotherapyOther
This intervention combines a 60-minute conventional physiotherapy protocol (range of motion, stretching, strengthening, and electrotherapy) with a 30-minute structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) module. The BAT component consists of six specific elements: body scanning in the supine position, rhythmic opening/closing coordination exercises, tactile "catwalk" massage for skin-brain connection, standing body alignment practice focused on the vertical midline, weight-transfer activities within stability limits, and breathing-wave integration. The total session duration is 90 minutes, delivered three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions), and is individualized based on the participant's functional capacity and clinical tolerance.
Conventional PhysiotherapyOther
This intervention consists of a 60-minute individualized physiotherapy program including active and active-assisted range of motion (ROM) exercises, static stretching of major muscle groups (held for 20-30 seconds), and functional strengthening exercises (e.g., glute bridges, mini-squats, and step-ups). Electrotherapy is applied as needed for muscle activation or circulatory support. The protocol is delivered three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total), with exercises progressed from 1 set of 8-10 repetitions to 2 sets of 10-15 repetitions based on the child's performance and fatigue levels.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Participants in this arm received a conventional physiotherapy program consisting of strengthening, stretching, and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, along with electrotherapy as clinically indicated. The program was delivered in 60-minute sessions, three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total). All exercises were individualized by a licensed physiotherapist based on each child's age, functional capacity, and tolerance. Receives: Other: Conventional Physiotherapy |
| Intervention group | Experimental | Participants in this arm received the same conventional physiotherapy program as the control group (strengthening, stretching, ROM exercises, and electrotherapy), augmented with a structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) module. The BAT protocol included body scanning, breathing awareness, cross-body coordination, rhythmic tactile stimulation, postural alignment, and weight-shifting activities. The program was delivered in 90-minute sessions (60 minutes conventional + 30 minutes BAT), three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total), individualized by a licensed physiotherapist. Receives: Other: Body Awareness Training and Conventional Physiotherapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Motor skills
Motor skills were evaluated using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition-Short Form (BOT-2 SF). This standardized instrument assesses eight domains: fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, upper-limb coordination, and strength. Total scores are calculated based on subtest performance, where higher scores represents superior motor proficiency and better physical coordination.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Activity performance
Self-perceived performance and satisfaction in everyday activities were evaluated using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Through a collaborative clinician-led interview, children and parents identified five priority tasks in the domains of self-care, productivity, or leisure. Each activity was rated on a scale from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest), where higher scores indicate greater perceived performance and higher satisfaction with the ability to perform meaningful daily routines.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Participation
Individualized participation goals were collaboratively set by the child, parents, and the evaluating physiotherapist prior to the intervention. Goal achievement was rated on a 5-point scale from -2 (much less than expected) to +2 (much better than expected), with 0 representing the expected level of attainment. GAS provides a standardized method to quantify meaningful, individualized changes in participation and functional goal achievement following the intervention.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Jul 2026
- Study start4 Aug 2025
- Primary completion24 Dec 2025
- Study completion24 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Intellectual Disability, Mild to ModerateStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 41 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Cyprus International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Mehmet Miçooğulları, Cyprus International University
- Investigators
- Mehmet Miçooğulları, Prof. Dr., Study chair, Cyprus International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07729163
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 020-1285
- Acronym
- BAT-MAP-ID
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 22 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this study-including de-identified demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and pre- and post-intervention scores for motor skills (BOT-2 SF), activity performance (COPM), and participation (GAS)-will be shared. This includes data presented in the text, tables, and figures, along with the study protocol and intervention manual.
Publications
Ozkan Z, Kale R. Investigation of the effects of physical education activities on motor skills and quality of life in children with intellectual disability. Int J Dev Disabil. 2021 Sep 27;69(4):578-592. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1978267. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 37346264Wuang YP, Wang CC, Huang MH, Su CY. Profiles and cognitive predictors of motor functions among early school-age children with mild intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008 Dec;52(12):1048-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01096.x. Epub 2008 Jun 16.
PubMed 18557969Vuijk PJ, Hartman E, Scherder E, Visscher C. Motor performance of children with mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Nov;54(11):955-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01318.x. Epub 2010 Sep 20.
PubMed 20854287Schalock RL, Luckasson R, Tasse MJ. An Overview of Intellectual Disability: Definition, Diagnosis, Classification, and Systems of Supports (12th ed.). Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2021 Nov 1;126(6):439-442. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-126.6.439. No abstract available.
PubMed 34700345Li Y, Wu X, Ye D, Zuo J, Liu L. Research progress on the relationship between fine motor skills and academic ability in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jan 9;6:1386967. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1386967. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 39850871King G, Williams L, Hahn Goldberg S. Family-oriented services in pediatric rehabilitation: a scoping review and framework to promote parent and family wellness. Child Care Health Dev. 2017 May;43(3):334-347. doi: 10.1111/cch.12435. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
PubMed 28083952Kavanagh H, Issartel J, Meegan S, Manninen M. Exploring the motor skill proficiency barrier among children with intellectual disabilities: Analysis at a behavioural component level. PLoS One. 2023 Nov 28;18(11):e0288413. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288413. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 38015908Eyssen IC, Steultjens MP, Oud TA, Bolt EM, Maasdam A, Dekker J. Responsiveness of the Canadian occupational performance measure. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2011;48(5):517-28. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2010.06.0110.
PubMed 21674402Ahn SN. A Systematic Review of Interventions Related to Body Awareness in Childhood. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;19(15):8900. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19158900.
PubMed 35897271
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Body Awareness Training on Motor Skills, Activity Performance, and Participation in Children With Intellectual Disabilities: A Randomized Controlled Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07729163
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BAT-MAP-ID / 020-1285
- Keywords
- Activity, Body awareness, Intellectual disability, Motor performance, Participation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 41 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Cyprus International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
We tested whether adding a simple, structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) program to conventional physiotherapy improves motor skills, everyday activity performance, and participation (goal achievement and satisfaction) in children with mild to moderate intellectual disability.41 children aged 8-15 years with mild or moderate intellectual disability completed the study. They were randomly assigned to receive either standard physiotherapy (control) or the same physiotherapy plus Body Awareness Training (intervention).All children received conventional physiotherapy three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total). The physiotherapy included warm-up, range-of-motion, stretching, strengthening exercises and electrotherapy. The intervention group received an additional 30 minutes per session of Body Awareness Training during the same period. BAT activities were simple, rhythmic, and child-friendly. Both groups improved in some fine motor domains, but improvements were larger in the group that received Body Awareness Training. The BAT group showed additional significant gains in manual dexterity, balance, and running speed/agility that were not observed in the control group. Children in the BAT group reported greater improvements in everyday activity performance and higher satisfaction. The BAT group also achieved better outcomes on individualized functional goals (GAS) for several prioritized activities.
Most improvements were maintained at the 10-week follow-up. Adding short, structured Body Awareness Training to routine physiotherapy may provide extra benefits for motor coordination, balance, and meaningful everyday functioning in children with mild-moderate intellectual disability.
BAT exercises are low-cost, adaptable, and can be integrated into regular therapy sessions; they may help bridge improvements in motor skills to better performance and participation in daily life. Clinicians should individualize intensity and progression according to each child's abilities and stop or adapt activities if pain, excessive fatigue, or breathlessness occurs.
Detailed description
This randomized, assessor-blinded controlled trial evaluated a reproducible rehabilitation approach that integrates a standardized Body Awareness Training (BAT) module into conventional pediatric physiotherapy for children with mild-moderate intellectual disability. Grounded in sensorimotor and interoceptive theories of motor learning, the intervention aimed to improve proprioceptive, vestibular and interoceptive processing to support motor control, postural strategies and attentional regulation and thereby enhance activity performance and participation within the ICF framework. The study used a six-week, thrice-weekly dosing schedule (18 sessions); control sessions were 60 minutes of individualized physiotherapy (warm-up, ROM, stretching, strengthening, electrotherapy, cool-down) while the intervention sessions added a 30-minute BAT module delivered one-to-one by a trained physiotherapist. BAT core elements-body scanning, opening/closing and cross-body coordination, rhythmic tactile "catwalk" stimulation, standing alignment tasks, controlled weight-transfer and stability-limits practice, and breathing-wave integration-were delivered in a flexible, modular sequence and progressed in complexity and challenge across weeks according to each child's tolerance and mastery; tempo, repetitions, sensory support and assistance level were adapted individually and documented. Therapists completed standardized fidelity checklists and session logs; a subset of sessions was audited to ensure adherence. Safety procedures included screening exclusions (recent orthopedic surgery, contraindicating comorbidity, severe communication barriers), real-time monitoring for pain, excessive fatigue, dizziness or respiratory distress with immediate modification or cessation as needed, and withdrawal for participants missing >3 sessions. Outcomes spanned impairment to participation (BOT-2 SF, COPM, GAS) assessed at baseline, post-treatment and 10-week follow-up by a blinded assessor. Statistical planning used an a priori power calculation, repeated-measures mixed ANOVA for continuous outcomes and non-parametric analyses with effect sizes for ordinal GAS data; analyses were per-protocol with minimal missing data and no imputation. The intervention is intentionally low-cost and modular to support clinical adaptation, though trial delivery relied on trained, single-therapist, one-to-one sessions; implementers wishing to target strength specifically should add progressive overload components and longer follow-up is recommended to assess durability. De-identified data, the BAT manual and fidelity checklist are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Other: Conventional PhysiotherapyParticipants in this arm received a conventional physiotherapy program consisting of strengthening, stretching, and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, along with electrotherapy as clinically indicated. The program was delivered in 60-minute sessions, three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total). All exercises were individualized by a licensed physiotherapist based on each child's age, functional capacity, and tolerance. |
| Intervention group | Experimental | Other: Body Awareness Training and Conventional PhysiotherapyParticipants in this arm received the same conventional physiotherapy program as the control group (strengthening, stretching, ROM exercises, and electrotherapy), augmented with a structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) module. The BAT protocol included body scanning, breathing awareness, cross-body coordination, rhythmic tactile stimulation, postural alignment, and weight-shifting activities. The program was delivered in 90-minute sessions (60 minutes conventional + 30 minutes BAT), three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total), individualized by a licensed physiotherapist. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 8 to 15 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Age between 8 and 15 years
- Mild or moderate intellectual disability with sufficient cognitive and verbal communication ability to understand and follow instructions.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Receiving any treatment other than conventional physiotherapy within the previous 6 months
- Having any orthopedic disorder or history of orthopedic surgery
- Communication problems in parents or caregivers
- Absence from more than three treatment sessions.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Body Awareness Training and Conventional PhysiotherapyThis intervention combines a 60-minute conventional physiotherapy protocol (range of motion, stretching, strengthening, and electrotherapy) with a 30-minute structured Body Awareness Training (BAT) module. The BAT component consists of six specific elements: body scanning in the supine position, rhythmic opening/closing coordination exercises, tactile "catwalk" massage for skin-brain connection, standing body alignment practice focused on the vertical midline, weight-transfer activities within stability limits, and breathing-wave integration. The total session duration is 90 minutes, delivered three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions), and is individualized based on the participant's functional capacity and clinical tolerance. | Other | Intervention group |
| Conventional PhysiotherapyThis intervention consists of a 60-minute individualized physiotherapy program including active and active-assisted range of motion (ROM) exercises, static stretching of major muscle groups (held for 20-30 seconds), and functional strengthening exercises (e.g., glute bridges, mini-squats, and step-ups). Electrotherapy is applied as needed for muscle activation or circulatory support. The protocol is delivered three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions total), with exercises progressed from 1 set of 8-10 repetitions to 2 sets of 10-15 repetitions based on the child's performance and fatigue levels. | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Motor skills
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Motor skills were evaluated using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition-Short Form (BOT-2 SF). This standardized instrument assesses eight domains: fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, upper-limb coordination, and strength. Total scores are calculated based on subtest performance, where higher scores represents superior motor proficiency and better physical coordination.
Activity performance
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Self-perceived performance and satisfaction in everyday activities were evaluated using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Through a collaborative clinician-led interview, children and parents identified five priority tasks in the domains of self-care, productivity, or leisure. Each activity was rated on a scale from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest), where higher scores indicate greater perceived performance and higher satisfaction with the ability to perform meaningful daily routines.
Participation
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).
Individualized participation goals were collaboratively set by the child, parents, and the evaluating physiotherapist prior to the intervention. Goal achievement was rated on a 5-point scale from -2 (much less than expected) to +2 (much better than expected), with 0 representing the expected level of attainment. GAS provides a standardized method to quantify meaningful, individualized changes in participation and functional goal achievement following the intervention.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Jul 2026.
- Background: PubMed 37346264Ozkan Z, Kale R. Investigation of the effects of physical education activities on motor skills and quality of life in children with intellectual disability. Int J Dev Disabil. 2021 Sep 27;69(4):578-592. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1978267. eCollection 2023.
- Background: PubMed 18557969Wuang YP, Wang CC, Huang MH, Su CY. Profiles and cognitive predictors of motor functions among early school-age children with mild intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008 Dec;52(12):1048-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01096.x. Epub 2008 Jun 16.
- Background: PubMed 20854287Vuijk PJ, Hartman E, Scherder E, Visscher C. Motor performance of children with mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Nov;54(11):955-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01318.x. Epub 2010 Sep 20.
- Background: PubMed 34700345Schalock RL, Luckasson R, Tasse MJ. An Overview of Intellectual Disability: Definition, Diagnosis, Classification, and Systems of Supports (12th ed.). Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2021 Nov 1;126(6):439-442. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-126.6.439. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 39850871Li Y, Wu X, Ye D, Zuo J, Liu L. Research progress on the relationship between fine motor skills and academic ability in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jan 9;6:1386967. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1386967. eCollection 2024.
- Background: PubMed 28083952King G, Williams L, Hahn Goldberg S. Family-oriented services in pediatric rehabilitation: a scoping review and framework to promote parent and family wellness. Child Care Health Dev. 2017 May;43(3):334-347. doi: 10.1111/cch.12435. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
- Background: PubMed 38015908Kavanagh H, Issartel J, Meegan S, Manninen M. Exploring the motor skill proficiency barrier among children with intellectual disabilities: Analysis at a behavioural component level. PLoS One. 2023 Nov 28;18(11):e0288413. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288413. eCollection 2023.
- Background: PubMed 21674402Eyssen IC, Steultjens MP, Oud TA, Bolt EM, Maasdam A, Dekker J. Responsiveness of the Canadian occupational performance measure. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2011;48(5):517-28. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2010.06.0110.
- Background: PubMed 35897271Ahn SN. A Systematic Review of Interventions Related to Body Awareness in Childhood. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;19(15):8900. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19158900.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this study-including de-identified demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and pre- and post-intervention scores for motor skills (BOT-2 SF), activity performance (COPM), and participation (GAS)-will be shared. This includes data presented in the text, tables, and figures, along with the study protocol and intervention manual.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mehmet Miçooğulları, Prof. Dr. study chair
Cyprus International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Body Awareness Training and Conventional Physiotherapy and Conventional Physiotherapy in people with Intellectual Disability, Mild to Moderate, run by Cyprus International University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Motor skills (time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention at 6 weeks (T1), and 10-week follow-up (T2).). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07729163, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Jul 2026.