Pain During Intrauterine Device InsertionNCT07648134
Virtual Reality for Pain Reduction During IUD Insertion
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion and Anxiety, run by Tanta University at 1 site in Egypt.
Trial summary
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction intervention during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. IUD insertion is commonly associated with pain and anxiety, which may negatively affect patient experience and acceptance of the procedure. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 45 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion, Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 1 siteEgypt
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2022to 30 Mar 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 45 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Women eligible for intrauterine device (IUD) insertion
- Age between 18 and 45 years
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Who cannot join
- Contraindications to IUD insertion
- History of severe anxiety disorders
- Previous adverse reaction to virtual reality
- Refusal to participate
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Virtual Reality as a Non-Pharmacological Distraction Intervention During Intrauterine Device Insertion: A Quasi-Experimental Study
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction intervention during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. IUD insertion is commonly associated with pain and anxiety, which may negatively affect patient experience and acceptance of the procedure.
In this quasi-experimental study, women undergoing IUD insertion were allocated into two groups: a virtual reality group receiving immersive audiovisual distraction during the procedure and a control group receiving standard care. Pain intensity and anxiety levels were assessed and compared between the two groups.
The findings of this study are expected to support the use of VR as a safe, simple, and non-invasive method to reduce procedural pain and anxiety and improve patient satisfaction during IUD insertion.
Read the detailed description
This quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a non-equivalent control group was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction intervention during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion.
A total of 90 women undergoing IUD insertion were enrolled and allocated into two groups using clinic registration numbers: an intervention group (VR group) and a control group. The control group received standard care, including routine pre-procedural counseling and IUD insertion, while the intervention group received the same standard care in addition to a virtual reality-based intervention.
The VR intervention consisted of both pre-procedural and intra-procedural components. Before the procedure, participants viewed a structured educational video explaining the IUD insertion process. During the procedure, participants wore a head-mounted virtual reality device displaying immersive calming audiovisual content, such as natural landscapes accompanied by soft music, to provide distraction and reduce attention to procedural stimuli.
The primary outcome was pain intensity, assessed during IUD insertion using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Secondary outcomes included state anxiety, measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) State subscale (score range: 20-80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety), and patient satisfaction with the procedure.
Outcome measures were assessed at baseline (immediately before the procedure) and immediately after IUD insertion. The study was conducted in a clinical setting at Tanta University, and ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection.
This study aims to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of VR as a safe, non-invasive, and cost-effective intervention to reduce pain and anxiety and improve the overall patient experience during IUD insertion procedures.
- Conditions
- Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion, Anxiety
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality
- Keywords
- Virtual reality, Intrauterine device IUD insertion, Pain management, Anxiety, Patient satisfaction, Quasi-experimental, Non-pharmacological
- Medical subject headings
- Anxiety Disorders, Agnosia, Patient Satisfaction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual RealityBehavioural
Use of virtual reality headset as a distraction method during IUD insertion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality | Experimental | Participants receive virtual reality distraction during intrauterine device insertion. Receives: Behavioral: Virtual Reality |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants receive routine care during intrauterine device insertion without virtual reality. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain intensity measured using Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Pain intensity will be assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain.
Measured: During IUD insertion procedure
Secondary outcomes (1)
State anxiety level measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) - State subscale (S-Anxiety)
State anxiety will be assessed using the STAI State subscale (S-Anxiety), a validated 20-item self-report tool. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater levels of state anxiety.
Measured: Baseline (immediately before IUD insertion) and immediately after the procedure
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Jun 2026
- Study start1 Sep 2022
- Primary completion1 Mar 2023
- Study completion30 Mar 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Pain During Intrauterine Device InsertionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tanta University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Dr. Manal Abdelaziz, Tanta University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07648134
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- VR-IUD-2024
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 9 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 15 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Virtual Reality as a Non-Pharmacological Distraction Intervention During Intrauterine Device Insertion: A Quasi-Experimental Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07648134
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VR-IUD-2024
- Conditions
- Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion, Anxiety
- Keywords
- Virtual reality, Intrauterine device IUD insertion, Pain management, Anxiety, Patient satisfaction, Quasi-experimental, Non-pharmacological
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tanta UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Mar 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 15 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction intervention during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. IUD insertion is commonly associated with pain and anxiety, which may negatively affect patient experience and acceptance of the procedure.
In this quasi-experimental study, women undergoing IUD insertion were allocated into two groups: a virtual reality group receiving immersive audiovisual distraction during the procedure and a control group receiving standard care. Pain intensity and anxiety levels were assessed and compared between the two groups.
The findings of this study are expected to support the use of VR as a safe, simple, and non-invasive method to reduce procedural pain and anxiety and improve patient satisfaction during IUD insertion.
Detailed description
This quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a non-equivalent control group was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction intervention during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion.
A total of 90 women undergoing IUD insertion were enrolled and allocated into two groups using clinic registration numbers: an intervention group (VR group) and a control group. The control group received standard care, including routine pre-procedural counseling and IUD insertion, while the intervention group received the same standard care in addition to a virtual reality-based intervention.
The VR intervention consisted of both pre-procedural and intra-procedural components. Before the procedure, participants viewed a structured educational video explaining the IUD insertion process. During the procedure, participants wore a head-mounted virtual reality device displaying immersive calming audiovisual content, such as natural landscapes accompanied by soft music, to provide distraction and reduce attention to procedural stimuli.
The primary outcome was pain intensity, assessed during IUD insertion using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Secondary outcomes included state anxiety, measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) State subscale (score range: 20-80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety), and patient satisfaction with the procedure.
Outcome measures were assessed at baseline (immediately before the procedure) and immediately after IUD insertion. The study was conducted in a clinical setting at Tanta University, and ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection.
This study aims to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of VR as a safe, non-invasive, and cost-effective intervention to reduce pain and anxiety and improve the overall patient experience during IUD insertion procedures.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality | Experimental | Behavioral: Virtual RealityParticipants receive virtual reality distraction during intrauterine device insertion. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants receive routine care during intrauterine device insertion without virtual reality. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 45 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Women eligible for intrauterine device (IUD) insertion
- Age between 18 and 45 years
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Contraindications to IUD insertion
- History of severe anxiety disorders
- Previous adverse reaction to virtual reality
- Refusal to participate
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual RealityUse of virtual reality headset as a distraction method during IUD insertion. | Behavioural | Virtual Reality |
Primary outcome
Pain intensity measured using Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Time frame: During IUD insertion procedure
Pain intensity will be assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain.
1 secondary outcome
State anxiety level measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) - State subscale (S-Anxiety)
Time frame: Baseline (immediately before IUD insertion) and immediately after the procedure
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion and Anxiety, run by Tanta University at 1 site in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain intensity measured using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (time frame: During IUD insertion procedure). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jun 2026.