AgingNCT07598123
Effects of Multi-component Exercise on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults
A study testing Multi-component Group Exercise Program in people with Aging and Sleep Quality, run by Tunghai University at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Participants were recruited from four community care sites in central Taiwan. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 to 90 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Aging, Sleep Quality, Physical Performance
- What is being tested?
- Multi-component Group Exercise Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 80 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 29 May 2024to 18 May 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 to 90 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 90 years.
- Able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
- Able to participate in exercise activities.
- Provided written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Contraindications to exercise, including recent myocardial infarction, acute cardiovascular events, acute infection, or renal disease symptoms.
- Use of ambulatory assistive devices.
- Regular physical activity exceeding 150 minutes per week.
- Positive responses indicating elevated exercise risk on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of a Multi-component Group Exercise Program on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study
This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Participants were recruited from four community care sites in central Taiwan. The intervention group participated in a structured exercise program consisting of aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training conducted at a university-affiliated senior fitness club, while the control group maintained their usual community activities.
Primary outcomes included physical performance and sleep quality. Physical performance was assessed using gait speed, chair stand, arm curl, grip strength, balance, and walking tests. Sleep quality was measured using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Heart rate recovery was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
Read the detailed description
Population ageing increases the importance of interventions that promote healthy ageing and prevent functional decline. Exercise interventions have demonstrated benefits for mobility, muscular strength, balance, cardiovascular health, and quality of life in older adults. However, evidence regarding structured multi-component exercise programs integrated with senior-friendly smart fitness equipment and their effects on sleep quality remains limited.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. The intervention was designed according to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations for older adults and incorporated aerobic exercise, resistance training, balance training, and flexibility exercises.
Participants in the intervention group attended weekly 100-minute exercise sessions consisting of warm-up activities, whole-body vibration training, treadmill or stationary bicycle aerobic exercise, hydraulic-based isokinetic resistance training, and cool-down exercises. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). The control group maintained their regular community activities without structured exercise intervention.
The primary outcomes were changes in physical performance and sleep quality. Secondary outcomes included heart rate recovery as an indicator of cardiovascular fitness. This study provides evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of community-based multi-component exercise programs for older adults.
- Conditions
- Aging, Sleep Quality, Physical Performance
- Being tested
- Multi-component Group Exercise Program
- Keywords
- older adults, exercise, sleep quality, physical performance
- Medical subject headings
- Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Multi-component Group Exercise ProgramBehavioural
Also called Exercise
Participants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| an 8-week multi-component group exercise program | Experimental | Participants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion. Receives: Behavioral: Multi-component Group Exercise Program |
| Routine community activities | No intervention | Control Group: Participants continued their routine community activities without participating in the structured exercise intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Time to Walk 4 Meters
Time required to walk 4 meters at usual pace. Gait speed is expressed in meters per second (m/s).
Measured: Baseline and week 8
Chair Stand Test
The Chair Stand Test assesses lower-body muscle strength by measuring the time required for participants to complete five chair stands consecutively with arms crossed over the chest.
Measured: Baseline and week 8
30-second Arm Curl Test
The 30-second Arm Curl Test assesses upper-body muscle endurance by counting the number of arm curls completed within 30 seconds using a dumbbell weighing 2.27 kg for women and 3.63 kg for men.
Measured: baseline and week 8
Grip Strength Test
The Grip Strength Test assesses hand muscle strength using a hand dynamometer. Participants perform maximal grip force with the dominant hand, and the measured force is recorded in kilograms.
Measured: baseline and week 8
Side-by-Side Stand Test
The Side-by-Side Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the participant's ability to maintain a side-by-side standing position without assistance.
Measured: baseline and week 8
Tandem Stand Test
The Tandem Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the length of time participants can maintain a heel-to-toe standing position, up to a maximum of 10 seconds.
Measured: baseline and week 8
2.44-meter Timed Walk Test
The 2.44-meter Timed Walk Test assesses mobility and dynamic balance by recording the time required for participants to stand up from a seated position, walk 2.44 meters around a cone, and return to the chair.
Measured: baseline and week 8
Sleep Quality
Sleep quality was assessed with the Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), a validated translation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It includes nine self-reported items scored across seven domains: subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, habitual efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction, all assessed over the past month. Scores range from 0 to 21, with scores greater than 5 indicating poor sleep quality.
Measured: Baseline and week 8
Secondary outcomes (1)
Heart Rate Recovery
Heart rate recovery (HRR) was assessed two minutes after treadmill exercise and defined as the difference between heart rate immediately post-exercise and at two minutes recovery.
Measured: Week 1 and Week 8
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 May 2026
- Study start29 May 2024
- Primary completion19 Dec 2024
- Study completion18 May 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for AgingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants from two community care sites were assigned to the intervention group, while participants from two additional community care sites were assigned to the control group. The intervention group participated in an 8-week multi-component exercise program, whereas the control group maintained their usual community activities.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tunghai University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Education, Taiwan
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Yi-Ling Tseng, Tunghai University
- Investigators
- Yi-Ling Tseng, MSN, Principal investigator, Tunghai University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07598123
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CS1-24033
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 12 May 2026
- Last updated
- 10 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Tseng YL, Chen KM, Wu MH, Liu J, Liang YC, Moyle W. The Effects of a Multicomponent Group Exercise Program on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults in Taiwan. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2026 Jul 25:10105395261469631. doi: 10.1177/10105395261469631. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42500854
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of a Multi-component Group Exercise Program on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07598123
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CS1-24033
- Conditions
- Aging, Sleep Quality, Physical Performance
- Keywords
- older adults, exercise, sleep quality, physical performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tunghai UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Education, Taiwan
- Study start
- 29 May 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 19 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 18 May 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 16 Jul 2026
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Participants were recruited from four community care sites in central Taiwan. The intervention group participated in a structured exercise program consisting of aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training conducted at a university-affiliated senior fitness club, while the control group maintained their usual community activities.
Primary outcomes included physical performance and sleep quality. Physical performance was assessed using gait speed, chair stand, arm curl, grip strength, balance, and walking tests. Sleep quality was measured using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Heart rate recovery was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
Detailed description
Population ageing increases the importance of interventions that promote healthy ageing and prevent functional decline. Exercise interventions have demonstrated benefits for mobility, muscular strength, balance, cardiovascular health, and quality of life in older adults. However, evidence regarding structured multi-component exercise programs integrated with senior-friendly smart fitness equipment and their effects on sleep quality remains limited.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. The intervention was designed according to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations for older adults and incorporated aerobic exercise, resistance training, balance training, and flexibility exercises.
Participants in the intervention group attended weekly 100-minute exercise sessions consisting of warm-up activities, whole-body vibration training, treadmill or stationary bicycle aerobic exercise, hydraulic-based isokinetic resistance training, and cool-down exercises. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). The control group maintained their regular community activities without structured exercise intervention.
The primary outcomes were changes in physical performance and sleep quality. Secondary outcomes included heart rate recovery as an indicator of cardiovascular fitness. This study provides evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of community-based multi-component exercise programs for older adults.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants from two community care sites were assigned to the intervention group, while participants from two additional community care sites were assigned to the control group. The intervention group participated in an 8-week multi-component exercise program, whereas the control group maintained their usual community activities.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| an 8-week multi-component group exercise program | Experimental | Behavioral: Multi-component Group Exercise ProgramParticipants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion. |
| Routine community activities | No intervention | –Control Group: Participants continued their routine community activities without participating in the structured exercise intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 to 90 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 90 years.
- Able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
- Able to participate in exercise activities.
- Provided written informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Contraindications to exercise, including recent myocardial infarction, acute cardiovascular events, acute infection, or renal disease symptoms.
- Use of ambulatory assistive devices.
- Regular physical activity exceeding 150 minutes per week.
- Positive responses indicating elevated exercise risk on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-component Group Exercise ProgramAlso: ExerciseParticipants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion. | Behavioural | an 8-week multi-component group exercise program |
Primary outcome
Time to Walk 4 Meters
Time frame: Baseline and week 8
Time required to walk 4 meters at usual pace. Gait speed is expressed in meters per second (m/s).
Chair Stand Test
Time frame: Baseline and week 8
The Chair Stand Test assesses lower-body muscle strength by measuring the time required for participants to complete five chair stands consecutively with arms crossed over the chest.
30-second Arm Curl Test
Time frame: baseline and week 8
The 30-second Arm Curl Test assesses upper-body muscle endurance by counting the number of arm curls completed within 30 seconds using a dumbbell weighing 2.27 kg for women and 3.63 kg for men.
Grip Strength Test
Time frame: baseline and week 8
The Grip Strength Test assesses hand muscle strength using a hand dynamometer. Participants perform maximal grip force with the dominant hand, and the measured force is recorded in kilograms.
Side-by-Side Stand Test
Time frame: baseline and week 8
The Side-by-Side Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the participant's ability to maintain a side-by-side standing position without assistance.
Tandem Stand Test
Time frame: baseline and week 8
The Tandem Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the length of time participants can maintain a heel-to-toe standing position, up to a maximum of 10 seconds.
2.44-meter Timed Walk Test
Time frame: baseline and week 8
The 2.44-meter Timed Walk Test assesses mobility and dynamic balance by recording the time required for participants to stand up from a seated position, walk 2.44 meters around a cone, and return to the chair.
Sleep Quality
Time frame: Baseline and week 8
Sleep quality was assessed with the Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), a validated translation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It includes nine self-reported items scored across seven domains: subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, habitual efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction, all assessed over the past month. Scores range from 0 to 21, with scores greater than 5 indicating poor sleep quality.
1 secondary outcome
Heart Rate Recovery
Time frame: Week 1 and Week 8
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Aug 2026.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42500854Tseng YL, Chen KM, Wu MH, Liu J, Liang YC, Moyle W. The Effects of a Multicomponent Group Exercise Program on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults in Taiwan. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2026 Jul 25:10105395261469631. doi: 10.1177/10105395261469631. Online ahead of print.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Yi-Ling Tseng, MSN principal investigator
Tunghai University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Multi-component Group Exercise Program in people with Aging and Sleep Quality, run by Tunghai University at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 16 Jul 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Time to Walk 4 Meters (time frame: Baseline and week 8). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07598123, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Aug 2026.