Investigation on Suicide Risk Factors of Patients With Mood Disorders

Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI-CV) assesses the individual's thoughts about life and death and the severity of suicidal thoughts through series of questions. There are 19 items in the scale, which are divided into two dimensions: suicidal ideation and suicidal tendency. Each question is asked for two time periods, that is, the last week and the most depressed, melancholy or suicidal time in the past (that is, the most serious time). The scale adopts a three-level scoring system, that is, 0~2 points, and the total score is between 0~38 points. The higher the score, the stronger the suicidal ideation and the higher the risk of suicide.

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), also known as Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, is a clinical tool for evaluating the severity of depressive symptoms, mainly evaluating patients' depressive symptoms in the past week, including mood, sleep, cognitive function, behavior and physical symptoms. According to the specific performance of patients, doctors or clinical evaluators will give corresponding scores. The total score ranges from 0 to 52 points. The higher the total score, the more serious the depressive symptoms are.

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) is a clinical tool for evaluating the severity of anxiety symptoms. The scale was compiled by psychologist Hamilton in 1959, and it is widely used in clinical diagnosis, treatment effect evaluation and research work in psychiatry. HAMA contains 14 items, covering psychological anxiety and physical anxiety. Each item is scored according to the severity of symptoms, and the higher the total score, the more serious the anxiety symptoms are. The total score ranges from 0 to 56 points. Scoring standards are usually divided into four grades: mild, moderate, severe and extremely severe.

Patient Health Question Nare (PHQ-9): It contains 9 questions, mainly focusing on depressed mood, lack of pleasure, sleep disorder, decreased energy, change of appetite, difficulty in concentration, reduced sense of self-worth, negative ideas or suicidal thoughts. Scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7): Self-rating anxiety scale, a total of 7 items, respectively: 1 nervous anxiety, 2 uncontrollable worries, 3 excessive worries, 4 inability to relax, 5 akathisia, 6 irritability, 7 sense of foreboding. Scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety symptoms.

acquired capability for suicide scale (ACSS): The scale includes two sub-scales: reduced fear of death and improved physical pain tolerance, with a total of 20 topics. Each topic is scored on a 5-point Lickert scale of 1 (completely inconsistent) to 5 (completely consistent), of which 7 topics are reverse scoring. The higher the score, the lower the individual's fear of death and the higher the physical pain tolerance.

The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) consists of two subscales: thwarted belongingness (9 items) and perceived burdensomeness (6 items). Each item is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all true for me) to 7 (very true for me), with 6 items reverse-scored. Scores range from 9 to 63 for thwarted belongingness and from 6 to 42 for perceived burdensomeness. Higher scores indicate greater levels of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, reflecting more severe interpersonal distress and unmet interpersonal needs.

Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS): Used to measure the degree of hopelessness that individuals feel. Hopelessness refers to the psychological state in which individuals are pessimistic about the future and believe that their efforts will not bring positive results. This feeling may be associated with depression, anxiety, and other mental health problems. The scale consists of 20 items, with scores ranging from 0 to 20, where higher scores indicate greater levels of hopelessness.