Pediatric Critical IllnessNCT07388485
Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program
A study testing Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program in people with Pediatric Critical Illness and Anxiety, run by Gazi University.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program on physiological parameters, anxiety levels, and emotional distress in children aged 7-12 years receiving care in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 7 to 12 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Pediatric Critical Illness, Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 20 Jan 2026to 20 Mar 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 7 to 12 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- • Be between 7 and 12 years of age
- Be conscious and able to respond to commands
- Not be receiving sedative/analgesic infusion or be at minimal sedation level (RASS ≥ -1)
- Have been monitored in intensive care for at least 24 hours
- Have stable vital signs
- Have no visual or auditory perception loss
- Parental consent and verbal consent from the child must have been obtained
Who cannot join
- Severe neurological deficit or motor impairment
- Severe pain, delirium, or agitation
- Severe psychiatric diagnosis or requirement for high-dose sedation
- Being in the terminal phase
About this study
Official title: The Effect of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program on Physiological Parameters, Anxiety, and Emotional Distress in Children Receiving Treatment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program on physiological parameters, anxiety levels, and emotional distress in children aged 7-12 years receiving care in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Children in the intervention group will receive three short, nurse-guided digital art-based relaxation sessions delivered via tablet, while the control group will receive standard PICU nursing care. Outcomes will be assessed using physiological measurements and validated psychological assessment tools before and after the intervention.
Read the detailed description
Children hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units are exposed to multiple stressors, including invasive procedures, environmental noise, physical discomfort, and separation from family members. These factors may lead to increased anxiety, emotional distress, and physiological dysregulation, even in children who are conscious and not receiving sedation. There is a growing need for brief, feasible, and child-friendly non-pharmacological interventions that can be safely implemented in the PICU setting to support emotional well-being and physiological stability.
This study is designed as a parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program in reducing anxiety and emotional distress and improving physiological parameters in children aged 7-12 years receiving care in a pediatric intensive care unit. The study will be conducted between February 2026 and March 2027 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Etlik City Hospital, Ministry of Health.
A total of 60 children who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30) using simple randomization. Randomization will be performed by an independent statistician using a computerized randomization tool. Eligible participants will be conscious, hemodynamically stable, not receiving continuous sedative or analgesic infusion, and able to follow verbal instructions.
Children in the intervention group will receive an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program consisting of three sessions. Each session will last approximately 8-10 minutes and will be delivered via a tablet under nurse guidance. The program integrates interactive digital art activities with relaxation components designed to promote emotional expression, attention regulation, and calming responses. The control group will receive standard pediatric intensive care nursing care without additional psychosocial intervention.
Data will be collected at baseline and after completion of the intervention. Baseline assessments will include a descriptive characteristics form, physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and pain), the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Emotion Thermometer. Physiological parameters will also be recorded immediately before and after each intervention session. Post-intervention assessments will include repeated physiological measurements, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Emotion Thermometer.
The primary outcomes of the study are changes in physiological parameters and anxiety levels. Secondary outcomes include changes in emotional distress levels. It is hypothesized that children who participate in the Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program will demonstrate improved physiological stability, reduced anxiety, and lower emotional distress compared to those receiving standard care.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to evidence-based pediatric intensive care nursing practices by providing support for the integration of short, technology-assisted, art-based psychosocial interventions into routine clinical care.
- Conditions
- Pediatric Critical Illness, Anxiety
- Being tested
- Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program
- Keywords
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children, Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation
- Medical subject headings
- Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation ProgramOther
The Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program is a nurse-guided, technology-assisted psychosocial intervention designed for children aged 7-12 years receiving care in the pediatric intensive care unit. The program consists of three individual sessions delivered via a tablet device. Each session lasts approximately 8-10 minutes and integrates interactive digital art activities with guided breathing, emotional awareness, and relaxation techniques.
During the sessions, children are encouraged to engage in simple digital art creation (e.g., drawing, color selection, and visual expression) while following age-appropriate breathing and relaxation prompts provided by the nurse. The intervention is designed to promote emotional expression, reduce anxiety, and support physiological stabilization by facilitating relaxation and emotional regulation. All sessions are conducted at the bedside under nurse supervision and are tailored to the child's clinical condition and tolerance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | No intervention | Received Standard Care |
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Received Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program Receives: Other: Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
State Anxiety Level in Children
State anxiety will be measured using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, developed by Spielberger. The scale consists of 20 items assessing how children feel at the present moment, with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate higher levels of state anxiety. The Turkish version of the scale has demonstrated good reliability and validity in children and adolescents.
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Respiratory Rate
Respiratory rate will be measured as a physiological stress parameter using standard bedside monitoring systems routinely used in the pediatric intensive care unit. Respiratory rate will be recorded as breaths per minute.
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Emotional Distress Level
Emotional distress will be assessed using the Emotion Thermometer, a validated self-report tool adapted for use in Turkish children. Children will be asked to rate the intensity of five basic emotions (sadness, anxiety, fear, happiness, and calmness) on a numeric scale ranging from 0 (not experienced at all) to 10 (extremely intense). Higher scores indicate greater emotional intensity. The tool has demonstrated high internal consistency reliability.
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Blood Pressure
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed non-invasively using standard bedside monitoring devices in the pediatric intensive care unit. Blood pressure values will be recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Oxygen Saturation
Oxygen saturation will be evaluated using pulse oximetry as part of routine bedside monitoring in the pediatric intensive care unit. Oxygen saturation values will be recorded as percentages (%)
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Pain Intensity:
Pain intensity be assessed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, a validated self-report measure appropriafor children based on age and communication ability. The scale allows children to indicate their level of pain using facial expressions.
Measured: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Feb 2026
- Study start20 Jan 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion20 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Mar 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Pediatric Critical IllnessStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study is a parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive an interactive digital art-based relaxation program in addition to standard pediatric intensive care, while the control group will receive standard pediatric intensive care alone. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after completion of the intervention, with no crossover between groups.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hazal Ozdemir Koyu, Gazi University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07388485
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025-2215
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 5 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: A decision regarding the sharing of individual participant data has not yet been made. Any future data sharing will be considered following completion of the study, in accordance with ethical approval, participant consent, and applicable data protection regulations.
Publications
1. Amin, F. M., Ayed, M. M. A., & Mahmoud, N. F. (2022). Effect of Benson relaxation therapy on sleep quality among children in pediatric intensive care unit. International journal of health sciences, 6(S8), 6605-6619. 2. Apriany, D., Rakhmawati, W., Iskandarsyah, A., & Hilmanto, D. (2025). The Effect of The Mindfulness-Based Relaxation, Aromatherapy, and Prayer (RADO) Intervention on Anxiety and Quality of Life Among Children with Cancer. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 1381-1392. 3. Bahcivan, O. & Eyrenci, A. (2018). The adaptation of Emotion Thermometer (ET) for Turkish speaking population. Psycho-Oncology 27: 215-216, 4. Bucur, S. M., Crișan, I. M., Cocoș, D. I., Bud, E. S., & Galea, C. (2025). Observational Study on Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Breathing Control for Reducing Dental Anxiety in Children. Medicina, 61(5), 876. 5. Ferro, M. M., Pegueroles, A. F., Lorenzo, R. F., Roy, M. Á. S., Forner, O. R., Jurado, C. M. E., ... & Alcaraz, A. B. (2023). The effect of a live music therapy intervention on critically ill paediatric patients in the intensive care unit: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study. Australian Critical Care, 36(6), 967-973. 6. Galinha, I. C., de Carvalho, J. L. D. C. S., de Oliveira, A. C. P., Arriaga, P., Gaspar, A. D., Silva, H. P., & Ortega, V. (2025). MindRegulation-SEL: randomized controlled trial of the effects of a relaxation and guided imagery intervention with socioemotional learning on the psychological and biophysiological well-being, socioemotional development, cognitive function and academic achievement of elementary school children. Trials, 26(1), 187. 7. Kalsotra, S., Froass, D., Gupta, A., Amaya, S., Tobias, J. D., & Olbrecht, V. A. (2025). Virtual Reality for Pediatric Postoperative Pain Management: Exploring Methods and Efficacy. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e68348. 8. Köksal, Ö., Kilicarslan, E., & Emeksiz, S. (2025). Drawing and mutual storytelling to alleviate anxiety and improve emotional
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program on Physiological Parameters, Anxiety, and Emotional Distress in Children Receiving Treatment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07388485
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025-2215
- Conditions
- Pediatric Critical Illness, Anxiety
- Keywords
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children, Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Jan 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 20 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 5 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program on physiological parameters, anxiety levels, and emotional distress in children aged 7-12 years receiving care in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Children in the intervention group will receive three short, nurse-guided digital art-based relaxation sessions delivered via tablet, while the control group will receive standard PICU nursing care. Outcomes will be assessed using physiological measurements and validated psychological assessment tools before and after the intervention.
Detailed description
Children hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units are exposed to multiple stressors, including invasive procedures, environmental noise, physical discomfort, and separation from family members. These factors may lead to increased anxiety, emotional distress, and physiological dysregulation, even in children who are conscious and not receiving sedation. There is a growing need for brief, feasible, and child-friendly non-pharmacological interventions that can be safely implemented in the PICU setting to support emotional well-being and physiological stability.
This study is designed as a parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program in reducing anxiety and emotional distress and improving physiological parameters in children aged 7-12 years receiving care in a pediatric intensive care unit. The study will be conducted between February 2026 and March 2027 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Etlik City Hospital, Ministry of Health.
A total of 60 children who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30) using simple randomization. Randomization will be performed by an independent statistician using a computerized randomization tool. Eligible participants will be conscious, hemodynamically stable, not receiving continuous sedative or analgesic infusion, and able to follow verbal instructions.
Children in the intervention group will receive an Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program consisting of three sessions. Each session will last approximately 8-10 minutes and will be delivered via a tablet under nurse guidance. The program integrates interactive digital art activities with relaxation components designed to promote emotional expression, attention regulation, and calming responses. The control group will receive standard pediatric intensive care nursing care without additional psychosocial intervention.
Data will be collected at baseline and after completion of the intervention. Baseline assessments will include a descriptive characteristics form, physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and pain), the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Emotion Thermometer. Physiological parameters will also be recorded immediately before and after each intervention session. Post-intervention assessments will include repeated physiological measurements, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Emotion Thermometer.
The primary outcomes of the study are changes in physiological parameters and anxiety levels. Secondary outcomes include changes in emotional distress levels. It is hypothesized that children who participate in the Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program will demonstrate improved physiological stability, reduced anxiety, and lower emotional distress compared to those receiving standard care.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to evidence-based pediatric intensive care nursing practices by providing support for the integration of short, technology-assisted, art-based psychosocial interventions into routine clinical care.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study is a parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive an interactive digital art-based relaxation program in addition to standard pediatric intensive care, while the control group will receive standard pediatric intensive care alone. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after completion of the intervention, with no crossover between groups.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | No intervention | –Received Standard Care |
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Other: Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation ProgramReceived Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 7 to 12 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- • Be between 7 and 12 years of age
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Severe neurological deficit or motor impairment
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation ProgramThe Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program is a nurse-guided, technology-assisted psychosocial intervention designed for children aged 7-12 years receiving care in the pediatric intensive care unit. The program consists of three individual sessions delivered via a tablet device. Each session lasts approximately 8-10 minutes and integrates interactive digital art activities with guided breathing, emotional awareness, and relaxation techniques. During the sessions, children are encouraged to engage in simple digital art creation (e.g., drawing, color selection, and visual expression) while following age-appropriate breathing and relaxation prompts provided by the nurse. The intervention is designed to promote emotional expression, reduce anxiety, and support physiological stabilization by facilitating relaxation and emotional regulation. All sessions are conducted at the bedside under nurse supervision and are tailored to the child's clinical condition and tolerance. | Other | Intervention Group |
Primary outcome
State Anxiety Level in Children
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
State anxiety will be measured using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, developed by Spielberger. The scale consists of 20 items assessing how children feel at the present moment, with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate higher levels of state anxiety. The Turkish version of the scale has demonstrated good reliability and validity in children and adolescents.
Respiratory Rate
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Respiratory rate will be measured as a physiological stress parameter using standard bedside monitoring systems routinely used in the pediatric intensive care unit. Respiratory rate will be recorded as breaths per minute.
Emotional Distress Level
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Emotional distress will be assessed using the Emotion Thermometer, a validated self-report tool adapted for use in Turkish children. Children will be asked to rate the intensity of five basic emotions (sadness, anxiety, fear, happiness, and calmness) on a numeric scale ranging from 0 (not experienced at all) to 10 (extremely intense). Higher scores indicate greater emotional intensity. The tool has demonstrated high internal consistency reliability.
Blood Pressure
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed non-invasively using standard bedside monitoring devices in the pediatric intensive care unit. Blood pressure values will be recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Oxygen Saturation
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Oxygen saturation will be evaluated using pulse oximetry as part of routine bedside monitoring in the pediatric intensive care unit. Oxygen saturation values will be recorded as percentages (%)
Pain Intensity:
Time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention
Pain intensity be assessed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, a validated self-report measure appropriafor children based on age and communication ability. The scale allows children to indicate their level of pain using facial expressions.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Feb 2026.
- Background1. Amin, F. M., Ayed, M. M. A., & Mahmoud, N. F. (2022). Effect of Benson relaxation therapy on sleep quality among children in pediatric intensive care unit. International journal of health sciences, 6(S8), 6605-6619. 2. Apriany, D., Rakhmawati, W., Iskandarsyah, A., & Hilmanto, D. (2025). The Effect of The Mindfulness-Based Relaxation, Aromatherapy, and Prayer (RADO) Intervention on Anxiety and Quality of Life Among Children with Cancer. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 1381-1392. 3. Bahcivan, O. & Eyrenci, A. (2018). The adaptation of Emotion Thermometer (ET) for Turkish speaking population. Psycho-Oncology 27: 215-216, 4. Bucur, S. M., Crișan, I. M., Cocoș, D. I., Bud, E. S., & Galea, C. (2025). Observational Study on Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Breathing Control for Reducing Dental Anxiety in Children. Medicina, 61(5), 876. 5. Ferro, M. M., Pegueroles, A. F., Lorenzo, R. F., Roy, M. Á. S., Forner, O. R., Jurado, C. M. E., ... & Alcaraz, A. B. (2023). The effect of a live music therapy intervention on critically ill paediatric patients in the intensive care unit: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study. Australian Critical Care, 36(6), 967-973. 6. Galinha, I. C., de Carvalho, J. L. D. C. S., de Oliveira, A. C. P., Arriaga, P., Gaspar, A. D., Silva, H. P., & Ortega, V. (2025). MindRegulation-SEL: randomized controlled trial of the effects of a relaxation and guided imagery intervention with socioemotional learning on the psychological and biophysiological well-being, socioemotional development, cognitive function and academic achievement of elementary school children. Trials, 26(1), 187. 7. Kalsotra, S., Froass, D., Gupta, A., Amaya, S., Tobias, J. D., & Olbrecht, V. A. (2025). Virtual Reality for Pediatric Postoperative Pain Management: Exploring Methods and Efficacy. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e68348. 8. Köksal, Ö., Kilicarslan, E., & Emeksiz, S. (2025). Drawing and mutual storytelling to alleviate anxiety and improve emotional
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. A decision regarding the sharing of individual participant data has not yet been made. Any future data sharing will be considered following completion of the study, in accordance with ethical approval, participant consent, and applicable data protection regulations.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Interactive Digital Art-Based Relaxation Program in people with Pediatric Critical Illness and Anxiety, run by Gazi University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
State Anxiety Level in Children (time frame: At baseline and immediately post-intervention). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07388485, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Feb 2026.