EmotionalityNCT07374887
Impact of Snoezelen Intervention and Reminiscence Therapy on Seniors' Emotionality and Anxiety
A study testing Reminiscence therapy and Snoezelen intervention in people with Emotionality and Anxiety, run by Matej Bel University at 1 site in Slovakia.
Trial summary
The aim of the study is to verify and compare the short-term and long-term effectiveness (retention) of Snoezelen intervention and reminiscence therapy and to analyze the dynamics of changes in the level of emotionality and anxiety of seniors in experimental groups and the control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 62 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Emotionality, Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Reminiscence therapy and Snoezelen intervention
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 55 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSlovakia
- Study dates
- 26 Oct 2022to 30 Sep 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 62 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- long-term residence in the facility,
- age over 62,
- willingness to participate,
- ability to participate (no severe cognitive or physical impairments)
- mentioned above
- participants who have undergone Reminiscence therapy as part of previous research
Who cannot join
- significant physical problems,
- significant mental health problems,
- unwillingness to participate
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Slovakia1 site
Hriňovčan care facility for older adults, Hriňová, Slovakia 96205
Hriňová, Slovakia, 96205
About this study
Official title: Short Term and Long Term Impact of Snoezelen Intervention and Reminiscence Therapy on Emotionality and Anxiety and the Dynamics of Their Change in Older Adults in Slovak Elderly Care Facilities
The aim of the study is to verify and compare the short-term and long-term effectiveness (retention) of Snoezelen intervention and reminiscence therapy and to analyze the dynamics of changes in the level of emotionality and anxiety of seniors in experimental groups and the control group.
The main question is:
Read more
There are significant differences in the level of emotionality (negative and positive emotional states) and anxiety between the two experimental groups of seniors and the control group of seniors during the measurements (pre-test measurement vs. retest measurement I; pre-test measurement vs. retest measurement II; retest measurement vs. retest measurement II)?
Researchers will compare seniors receiving Snoezelen intervention, those receiving Reminiscence Therapy, and a control group without intervention to see if the interventions lead to measurable improvements in emotionality and anxiety.
Participants will take part in Snoezelen sessions, take part in Reminiscence Therapy sessions, complete pretest, retest and retest II assessments measuring emotionality and anxiety.
Read the detailed description
The study was registered retrospectively due to a limited awareness of the requirement to register behavioural interventions at the time of its initiation in 2022/2023. Initially conceived as a small-scale exploratory project, formal trial registration was not deemed necessary in the early planning stages.
As a doctoral student and early-career researcher, I was initially unaware that behavioural intervention studies also require formal registration. However, as the research progressed and its scope and significance became clearer, I recognised the importance of fulfilling this requirement. Upon learning of the relevant guidelines, I promptly took the necessary steps to complete the registration.
Although registration occurred at a later stage, the study was carried out in accordance with a pre-specified protocol, strictly adhering to methodological and ethical standards-approved, for instance, by the Ethics Committee of Matej Bel University. The hypotheses, study design, and analysis plan were defined prior to data collection, thereby ensuring the rigour, integrity, and transparency of the research process.
Funded by the EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03-03-V05-0000.
- Conditions
- Emotionality, Anxiety
- Being tested
- Reminiscence therapy, Snoezelen intervention
- Keywords
- emotionality, anxiety, elderly care facilities, older adult, snoezelen, reminiscence therapy
- Medical subject headings
- Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Reminiscence therapyOther
Reminiscence therapy included 13 activities (Ďuricová, 2026b). Activities were also incorporated into the daily schedule over a period of four weeks, during weekdays. In the Hriňovčan care facility, one activity was conducted daily (lasting 60 minutes) in the common room during designated morning and afternoon hours. The selection and implementation of the activities were strictly determined and organised. The older adults participated in a group setting, with 20 members. The activities were led by two social workers who participated in training with the author of the programme.
Snoezelen interventionOther
Snoezelen intervention included 28 originally designed activities (Ďuricová, 2026a). The ideas were incorporated into the daily schedule of older adults over a period of four weeks, during weekdays. In Hriňovčan care facility, within the Snoezelen environment, two consecutive activities were carried out daily (with a total duration of 60 minutes), during the afternoon hours. The selection of activities depended on the interests of the older adults. Their application was neither strictly determined nor rigidly organised. Clients participated in the Snoezelen sessions in groups of 5-6 members. The activities were facilitated by trained staff - social worker and instructor of social rehabilitation.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Snoezelen intervention | Experimental | The Snoezelen intervention involved 20 participants in the pre-test and re-test, and 16 participants in the re-test. Receives: Other: Snoezelen intervention |
| Reminiscence therapy | Experimental | The reminiscence therapy involved 20 seniors in the pre-test and re-test, and 18 seniors in the re-test II. Receives: Other: Reminiscence therapy |
| Control group | No intervention | The control group did not participate in any of the interventions. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka & Dalbert, 2002)
The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka \& Dalbert, 2002) was used to examine the short-term effectiveness of the intervention programme. The self-esteem scale maps the frequency of experiencing positive and negative emotions, totalling 10. Negative emotional experiencing consists of six emotions such as anger, guilt, fear, pain, sadness, and shame, positive emotional experiencing consists of pleasure, physical freshness, joy, and happiness. The participants responded on a six-point scale (6 - almost always; 1 - almost never). The total score of negative emotions is the sum of negative emotions, and the total score of positive emotions is the sum of positive emotions (Džuka et al., 2021).
Measured: from participant enrollment to data collection after 8 months
The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980)
The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980), specifically only the anxiety portion of the questionnaire, i.e., the Scale for the Measurement of Anxiety as a Condition, STAI X-1. This is the self-assessment portion of the questionnaire, which maps the degree of current experience of feelings of tension, tenseness, nervousness, fear, and apprehension. It contains 20 statements, some of which relate to the existence of these feelings and some of which relate to their absence. Seniors rated their experiencing on a four-point scale (4 - very, 1 - not at all). We based the norms on those presented in the manual by Ruisel et al. (1980).The result is a total score, which is obtained by summing the values on the scale taking into account reverse scaling. The range of the total score is 20-80.
Measured: from participant enrollment to data collection after 8 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Reflection Questionnaire (Ďuricová, 2023)
This is a questionnaire that maps client satisfaction with activities. It includes three statements, with clients expressing their level of agreement on a three-point scale (agree - have no strong opinion - disagree) in the areas of: re participation, usefulness and disinterest in the activities. It also includes three incomplete sentences that seniors complete at will. Responses reflect what clients learned/how the activities helped them, what they liked most about the activities, what they would remove from the activities.
Measured: one month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Jan 2026
- Study start26 Oct 2022
- Primary completion1 Dec 2022
- Study completion30 Sep 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for EmotionalityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Matej Bel University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- European Union
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Diana Ďuricová, Matej Bel University
- Investigators
- Diana Ďuricová, PhDr., Principal investigator, Matej Bel UniversityLenka Ďuricová, doc., Mgr., PhD., Study director, Matej Bel University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07374887
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UGA-06-DS-2025
- Other IDs
- 09I03-03-V05-00009
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 29 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Short Term and Long Term Impact of Snoezelen Intervention and Reminiscence Therapy on Emotionality and Anxiety and the Dynamics of Their Change in Older Adults in Slovak Elderly Care Facilities
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07374887
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UGA-06-DS-2025
- Conditions
- Emotionality, Anxiety
- Keywords
- emotionality, anxiety, elderly care facilities, older adult, snoezelen, reminiscence therapy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Matej Bel UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- European Union
- Study start
- 26 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of the study is to verify and compare the short-term and long-term effectiveness (retention) of Snoezelen intervention and reminiscence therapy and to analyze the dynamics of changes in the level of emotionality and anxiety of seniors in experimental groups and the control group.
The main question is:
There are significant differences in the level of emotionality (negative and positive emotional states) and anxiety between the two experimental groups of seniors and the control group of seniors during the measurements (pre-test measurement vs. retest measurement I; pre-test measurement vs. retest measurement II; retest measurement vs. retest measurement II)?
Researchers will compare seniors receiving Snoezelen intervention, those receiving Reminiscence Therapy, and a control group without intervention to see if the interventions lead to measurable improvements in emotionality and anxiety.
Participants will take part in Snoezelen sessions, take part in Reminiscence Therapy sessions, complete pretest, retest and retest II assessments measuring emotionality and anxiety.
Detailed description
The study was registered retrospectively due to a limited awareness of the requirement to register behavioural interventions at the time of its initiation in 2022/2023. Initially conceived as a small-scale exploratory project, formal trial registration was not deemed necessary in the early planning stages.
As a doctoral student and early-career researcher, I was initially unaware that behavioural intervention studies also require formal registration. However, as the research progressed and its scope and significance became clearer, I recognised the importance of fulfilling this requirement. Upon learning of the relevant guidelines, I promptly took the necessary steps to complete the registration.
Although registration occurred at a later stage, the study was carried out in accordance with a pre-specified protocol, strictly adhering to methodological and ethical standards-approved, for instance, by the Ethics Committee of Matej Bel University. The hypotheses, study design, and analysis plan were defined prior to data collection, thereby ensuring the rigour, integrity, and transparency of the research process.
Funded by the EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia under the project No. 09I03-03-V05-0000.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Snoezelen intervention | Experimental | Other: Snoezelen interventionThe Snoezelen intervention involved 20 participants in the pre-test and re-test, and 16 participants in the re-test. |
| Reminiscence therapy | Experimental | Other: Reminiscence therapyThe reminiscence therapy involved 20 seniors in the pre-test and re-test, and 18 seniors in the re-test II. |
| Control group | No intervention | –The control group did not participate in any of the interventions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 62 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- long-term residence in the facility,
- age over 62,
- willingness to participate,
- ability to participate (no severe cognitive or physical impairments)
- mentioned above
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- significant physical problems,
- significant mental health problems,
- unwillingness to participate
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Reminiscence therapyReminiscence therapy included 13 activities (Ďuricová, 2026b). Activities were also incorporated into the daily schedule over a period of four weeks, during weekdays. In the Hriňovčan care facility, one activity was conducted daily (lasting 60 minutes) in the common room during designated morning and afternoon hours. The selection and implementation of the activities were strictly determined and organised. The older adults participated in a group setting, with 20 members. The activities were led by two social workers who participated in training with the author of the programme. | Other | Reminiscence therapy |
| Snoezelen interventionSnoezelen intervention included 28 originally designed activities (Ďuricová, 2026a). The ideas were incorporated into the daily schedule of older adults over a period of four weeks, during weekdays. In Hriňovčan care facility, within the Snoezelen environment, two consecutive activities were carried out daily (with a total duration of 60 minutes), during the afternoon hours. The selection of activities depended on the interests of the older adults. Their application was neither strictly determined nor rigidly organised. Clients participated in the Snoezelen sessions in groups of 5-6 members. The activities were facilitated by trained staff - social worker and instructor of social rehabilitation. | Other | Snoezelen intervention |
Primary outcome
The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka & Dalbert, 2002)
Time frame: from participant enrollment to data collection after 8 months
The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka \& Dalbert, 2002) was used to examine the short-term effectiveness of the intervention programme. The self-esteem scale maps the frequency of experiencing positive and negative emotions, totalling 10. Negative emotional experiencing consists of six emotions such as anger, guilt, fear, pain, sadness, and shame, positive emotional experiencing consists of pleasure, physical freshness, joy, and happiness. The participants responded on a six-point scale (6 - almost always; 1 - almost never). The total score of negative emotions is the sum of negative emotions, and the total score of positive emotions is the sum of positive emotions (Džuka et al., 2021).
The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980)
Time frame: from participant enrollment to data collection after 8 months
The Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI (Spielberger et al., 1970, ed. Ruisel et al., 1980), specifically only the anxiety portion of the questionnaire, i.e., the Scale for the Measurement of Anxiety as a Condition, STAI X-1. This is the self-assessment portion of the questionnaire, which maps the degree of current experience of feelings of tension, tenseness, nervousness, fear, and apprehension. It contains 20 statements, some of which relate to the existence of these feelings and some of which relate to their absence. Seniors rated their experiencing on a four-point scale (4 - very, 1 - not at all). We based the norms on those presented in the manual by Ruisel et al. (1980).The result is a total score, which is obtained by summing the values on the scale taking into account reverse scaling. The range of the total score is 20-80.
1 secondary outcome
Reflection Questionnaire (Ďuricová, 2023)
Time frame: one month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Jan 2026.
- website of the organization where the research was conductedLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Diana Ďuricová, PhDr. principal investigator
Matej Bel University
Lenka Ďuricová, doc., Mgr., PhD. study director
Matej Bel University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Reminiscence therapy and Snoezelen intervention in people with Emotionality and Anxiety, run by Matej Bel University at 1 site in Slovakia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Slovakia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The Scale of Emotional Habituation of Subjective Well-Being - SEHP (Džuka & Dalbert, 2002) (time frame: from participant enrollment to data collection after 8 months). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Jan 2026.