Large Vessel VasculitisPhase 2DERAIL-LVVNCT06887062
Dapagliflozin and Endothelin Receptor Antagonism in Large Vessel Vasculitis (DERAIL-LVV)
A Phase 2 study testing Bosentan and dapagliflozin in people with Large Vessel Vasculitis and Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is a disease that causes damage to blood vessels. This damage to blood vessels can increase the risk of patients with LVV developing cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Large Vessel Vasculitis, Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), Takayasu Arteritis
- What is being tested?
- Bosentan and dapagliflozin
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 21 Mar 2025to 1 Jul 2027
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- A diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis that has been in remission for ≥ 6 months.
Who cannot join
- Age <18 years
- Active LVV
- Any organ transplant recipients
- A requirement for any medications that are contra-indicated whilst taking Bosentan or dapagliflozin
- Congestive cardiac failure
- Patients not medically fit to attend study visits
Show all 10Show fewer
- Patients without mental capacity or willingness to provide informed consent
- History of multiple and/or severe (clinical judgement as determined by the Investigator) allergic reactions to drugs, including the study drug, or food
- Patients who are pregnant or breast feeding, or those who plan to become pregnant during the study
- Participation in another clinical trial for 28 days before or 90 days after the study period
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United Kingdom1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Edinburgh
Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ
Alex Armstrong, +447445695898, a.armstrong-9@sms.ed.ac.uk
About this study
Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is a disease that causes damage to blood vessels. This damage to blood vessels can increase the risk of patients with LVV developing cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. A chemical produced in the body called endothelin may contribute to this increase in cardiovascular disease risk by causing the vessels to stiffen and blood pressure to increase.
It has previously been shown that by blocking the effects of endothelin, vessel stiffness and blood pressure improve. Bosentan is a tablet that blocks the effects of endothelin.
Read more
Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor that has been shown to improve blood vessel function and stiffness in patients with diabetes.
The investigators plan to assess blood vessel function in those with LVV and participants without LVV. Participants with LVV will be given Bosentan and Dapagliflozin for 6 weeks, followed by Dapagliflozin for 4 weeks, to evaluate their impact on blood vessel function.
Read the detailed description
Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammatory damage to the blood vessels. Although symptoms initially are non-specific, complications such as vessel stenosis can lead to heart failure and stroke. While current immunosuppressive treatments have improved short-term outcomes, they have not led to improvements in long-term outcomes. Patients with LVV remain at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, the underlying mechanisms of which are not yet fully understood.
The inflammatory damage to blood vessels in LVV can result in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor produced by the endothelium. In endothelial dysfunction, excess ET-1 production causes raised blood pressure, increased arterial stiffness and reduced fibrinolytic capacity. Previous research has demonstrated that short-term blockade of endothelin receptors improves arterial stiffness and fibrinolytic capacity.
Inhibitors of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2i) target the renal proximal tubule to promote glycosuria. Recent large studies have demonstrated their impressive cardiovascular benefits across a range of conditions. Previous work has also demonstrated their ability to improve endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes.
Recently, the randomised, active-controlled Zenith-CKD trial demonstrated that the combination of zibotentan (an endothelin receptor antagonist) and the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin was effective in reducing albuminuria in patients with chronic kidney disease. Part of the rationale for combining these therapies was to offset the potential for fluid retention with zibotentan alone by harnessing the diuretic effect of dapagliflozin. The safety profile of an endothelin receptor antagonist and an SGLT2 inhibitor was excellent.
Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Combining it with dapagliflozin will minimise the potential for fluid retention. Additionally, the potential for improved endothelial function and enhanced CVD protection with both of these agents used in combination is significant. To date, dual endothelin receptor antagonism and SGLT2 inhibition have not been trialled in patients with LVV.
The investigators will conduct a cross-sectional, case-control study comparing blood vessel function in patients with LVV with sex-, age-, and cardiovascular disease risk factor-matched control participants. This will be followed by an open-label trial in patients with LVV. Patients with LVV will be given 6 weeks of treatment with Bosentan and dapagliflozin, followed by 4 weeks of dapagliflozin to assess whether these drugs can improve blood vessel function and stiffness. Assessment of blood vessel function will be measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, a gold standard measure.
- Being tested
- Bosentan and dapagliflozin
- Keywords
- Large vessel vasculitis, Takayasu arteritis, Giant cell arteritis, Endothelin, Bosentan, Inflammation, Endothelial dysfunction, Dual enodthelin receptor antagonism, dapagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitor
- Medical subject headings
- Giant Cell Arteritis, Takayasu Arteritis, Inflammation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Bosentan and dapagliflozinDrug
Participants with LVV will receive Bosentan 62.5 mg twice daily and Dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 6 weeks, followed by Dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 4 weeks.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 30 participants with large vessel vasculitis in disease remission | Experimental | * Participants will undergo a forearm blood flow study where forearm vasodilatation will be assessed in response to acetylcholine (7.5, 15 and 30ug/min) and sodium nitroprusside (1, 2 and 4ug/min).
* Participants will also receive bradykinin (100, 300 and 1000pmol/min) in order to assess tPA release to measure fibrinolytic capacity.
* Participants will also have 24-hour blood pressure measured, as well as measurements of arterial stiffness, choroidal volume and balance of peripheral inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells.
* After these baseline measurements have been obtained, the subject will receive 6 week of Bosentan. The participant will undergo the same investigations to compare if measurements differ after treatment. Receives: Drug: Bosentan and dapagliflozin |
| 30 age-, sex- and cardiovascular disease risk-matched control participants | No intervention | * Participants will undergo a forearm blood flow study where forearm vasodilatation will be assessed in response to acetylcholine (7.5, 15 and 30ug/min) and sodium nitroprusside (1, 2 and 4ug/min). * Participants will also receive bradykinin (100, 300 and 1000pmol/min) in order to assess tPA release to measure fibrinolytic capacity. * Participants will also have 24-hour blood pressure measured, as well as measurements of arterial stiffness, choroidal volume and balance of peripheral inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells. * These measurements will be compared to the large vessel vasculitis group to assess if there are differences in these measurements. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change from baseline to week 6 in forearm blood flow
Change from baseline to week 6 in acetylcholine-mediated forearm blood flow vasodilation
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Secondary outcomes (5)
Change from Baseline to week 6 in fibrinolytic capacity
Plasma concentration of tissue plasminogen activator in response to bradykinin will be assessed before and after 6 weeks of intervention
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from Baseline to week 6 in 24h blood pressure
24-hour ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed at baseline and 6 weeks.
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 in arterial stiffness
Arterial stiffness will be assessed using pulse wave velocity as measured using SphygmoCor technology. Percentage change in pulse wave velocity will be compared between baseline and 6 weeks
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 assessment of eye microvasculature using retinal OCT
Choroidal volume will be assessed using optical coherence tomography which will be compared at baseline and 6 weeks
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 peripheral blood cells (balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells) analysed using flow cytometry
Flow cytometry will be used to assess peripheral blood cells (balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells) at baseline and 6 weeks
Measured: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Mar 2025
- Study start21 Mar 2025
- Primary completion1 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jul 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Large Vessel VasculitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of EdinburghThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- The study will incorporate both a prospective, case-control study and a nested prospective, open blinded study. Case-control study: this will be cross-sectional and assess endothelial function, arterial stiffness and 24-hour blood pressure in 30 patients with LVV in disease remission and 30 age-, sex- and cardiovascular risk factor-matched control subjects. Open-blinded study: This will be a 10-week open-blinded study in the same 30 subjects with LVV from the case-control study. All 30 participants will receive 6 weeks of bosentan and dapagliflozin, followed by 4 weeks of dapagliflozin. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, week 3, week 6 and week 10.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Edinburgh
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06887062
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AC24184
- Acronym
- DERAIL-LVV
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 13 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 14 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Dapagliflozin and Endothelin Receptor Antagonism in Large Vessel Vasculitis (DERAIL-LVV)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06887062
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DERAIL-LVV / AC24184
- Keywords
- Large vessel vasculitis, Takayasu arteritis, Giant cell arteritis, Endothelin, Bosentan, Inflammation, Endothelial dysfunction, Dual enodthelin receptor antagonism
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of EdinburghUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 20 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is a disease that causes damage to blood vessels. This damage to blood vessels can increase the risk of patients with LVV developing cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. A chemical produced in the body called endothelin may contribute to this increase in cardiovascular disease risk by causing the vessels to stiffen and blood pressure to increase.
It has previously been shown that by blocking the effects of endothelin, vessel stiffness and blood pressure improve. Bosentan is a tablet that blocks the effects of endothelin.
Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor that has been shown to improve blood vessel function and stiffness in patients with diabetes.
The investigators plan to assess blood vessel function in those with LVV and participants without LVV. Participants with LVV will be given Bosentan and Dapagliflozin for 6 weeks, followed by Dapagliflozin for 4 weeks, to evaluate their impact on blood vessel function.
Detailed description
Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammatory damage to the blood vessels. Although symptoms initially are non-specific, complications such as vessel stenosis can lead to heart failure and stroke. While current immunosuppressive treatments have improved short-term outcomes, they have not led to improvements in long-term outcomes. Patients with LVV remain at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, the underlying mechanisms of which are not yet fully understood.
The inflammatory damage to blood vessels in LVV can result in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor produced by the endothelium. In endothelial dysfunction, excess ET-1 production causes raised blood pressure, increased arterial stiffness and reduced fibrinolytic capacity. Previous research has demonstrated that short-term blockade of endothelin receptors improves arterial stiffness and fibrinolytic capacity.
Inhibitors of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2i) target the renal proximal tubule to promote glycosuria. Recent large studies have demonstrated their impressive cardiovascular benefits across a range of conditions. Previous work has also demonstrated their ability to improve endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes.
Recently, the randomised, active-controlled Zenith-CKD trial demonstrated that the combination of zibotentan (an endothelin receptor antagonist) and the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin was effective in reducing albuminuria in patients with chronic kidney disease. Part of the rationale for combining these therapies was to offset the potential for fluid retention with zibotentan alone by harnessing the diuretic effect of dapagliflozin. The safety profile of an endothelin receptor antagonist and an SGLT2 inhibitor was excellent.
Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Combining it with dapagliflozin will minimise the potential for fluid retention. Additionally, the potential for improved endothelial function and enhanced CVD protection with both of these agents used in combination is significant. To date, dual endothelin receptor antagonism and SGLT2 inhibition have not been trialled in patients with LVV.
The investigators will conduct a cross-sectional, case-control study comparing blood vessel function in patients with LVV with sex-, age-, and cardiovascular disease risk factor-matched control participants. This will be followed by an open-label trial in patients with LVV. Patients with LVV will be given 6 weeks of treatment with Bosentan and dapagliflozin, followed by 4 weeks of dapagliflozin to assess whether these drugs can improve blood vessel function and stiffness. Assessment of blood vessel function will be measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, a gold standard measure.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The study will incorporate both a prospective, case-control study and a nested prospective, open blinded study. Case-control study: this will be cross-sectional and assess endothelial function, arterial stiffness and 24-hour blood pressure in 30 patients with LVV in disease remission and 30 age-, sex- and cardiovascular risk factor-matched control subjects. Open-blinded study: This will be a 10-week open-blinded study in the same 30 subjects with LVV from the case-control study. All 30 participants will receive 6 weeks of bosentan and dapagliflozin, followed by 4 weeks of dapagliflozin. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, week 3, week 6 and week 10.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 30 participants with large vessel vasculitis in disease remission | Experimental | Drug: Bosentan and dapagliflozin* Participants will undergo a forearm blood flow study where forearm vasodilatation will be assessed in response to acetylcholine (7.5, 15 and 30ug/min) and sodium nitroprusside (1, 2 and 4ug/min). * Participants will also receive bradykinin (100, 300 and 1000pmol/min) in order to assess tPA release to measure fibrinolytic capacity. * Participants will also have 24-hour blood pressure measured, as well as measurements of arterial stiffness, choroidal volume and balance of peripheral inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells. * After these baseline measurements have been obtained, the subject will receive 6 week of Bosentan. The participant will undergo the same investigations to compare if measurements differ after treatment. |
| 30 age-, sex- and cardiovascular disease risk-matched control participants | No intervention | –* Participants will undergo a forearm blood flow study where forearm vasodilatation will be assessed in response to acetylcholine (7.5, 15 and 30ug/min) and sodium nitroprusside (1, 2 and 4ug/min). * Participants will also receive bradykinin (100, 300 and 1000pmol/min) in order to assess tPA release to measure fibrinolytic capacity. * Participants will also have 24-hour blood pressure measured, as well as measurements of arterial stiffness, choroidal volume and balance of peripheral inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells. * These measurements will be compared to the large vessel vasculitis group to assess if there are differences in these measurements. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- A diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis that has been in remission for ≥ 6 months.
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Age <18 years
- Active LVV
- Any organ transplant recipients
- A requirement for any medications that are contra-indicated whilst taking Bosentan or dapagliflozin
- Congestive cardiac failure
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Bosentan and dapagliflozinParticipants with LVV will receive Bosentan 62.5 mg twice daily and Dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 6 weeks, followed by Dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 4 weeks. | Drug | 30 participants with large vessel vasculitis in disease remission |
Primary outcome
Change from baseline to week 6 in forearm blood flow
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 in acetylcholine-mediated forearm blood flow vasodilation
5 secondary outcomes
Change from Baseline to week 6 in fibrinolytic capacity
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from Baseline to week 6 in 24h blood pressure
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 in arterial stiffness
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 assessment of eye microvasculature using retinal OCT
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Change from baseline to week 6 peripheral blood cells (balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells) analysed using flow cytometry
Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Jan 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Bosentan and dapagliflozin in people with Large Vessel Vasculitis and Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Alex Armstrong (+447445695898, a.armstrong-9@sms.ed.ac.uk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change from baseline to week 6 in forearm blood flow (time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of treatment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Jan 2026.