AzTrials
AzTrials

Tooth StabilityNCT06837168

Clinical Effectiveness of Cobalt Chromium CAD-CAM Designed Customized Lingual Retainer

A study testing Stainless steel fixed retainer and 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainers in people with Tooth Stability and Periodontal Health, run by University of Baghdad at 1 site in Iraq.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt fixed retainer in maintaining mandibular anterior teeth stability. The Research Question; "Does the Cobalt-Chromium CAD/CAM designed customized lingual retainer better than Stainless steel lingual retainer in improving tooth… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 12 to 25 years
What is being tested?
Stainless steel fixed retainer and 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainers
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
42 participants
Where
1 siteIraq
Study dates
1 Jul 2025to 30 Dec 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 12 to 25 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Completion of a course of fixed appliance therapy.
  • with a satisfactory correction of malocclusion and dental alignment.
  • Class I canine relationship based on Andrew's criteria for finishing.
  • Patients with a history of constant oral hygiene measures daily.
  • Good general health.
  • Subjects had a full and normal complement of teeth in the lower labial segments.
  • Teeth within the labial segments should be regularly sized and shaped.
  • Subjects willing to consent to the trial.

Who cannot join

  • Patients with a deep overbite
  • Patients with traumatic parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching.
  • Patients with carious, restored, fractured, or missing lower anterior teeth.
  • Patients with medical health problems that may influence gingival health, like uncontrolled type II diabetic patients.
  • patients under systemic drug administration that affects oral health.
  • Smokers

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Iraq1 site
  • University of Baghdad - College of Dentistry

    Baghdad, Baghdad Governorate, 10071

    University of Baghdad - College of Dentistry, 009647519962021, master@codental.uobaghdad.edu.iq

    Prof. Dr. Ali Mohammed Hameed

Other trials in Iraq

About this study

Official title: Clinical Effectiveness of Cobalt Chromium CAD-CAM Designed Customized Lingual Retainer: a Randomized Clinical Trial

This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt fixed retainer in maintaining mandibular anterior teeth stability.

The Research Question; "Does the Cobalt-Chromium CAD/CAM designed customized lingual retainer better than Stainless steel lingual retainer in improving tooth stability after orthodontic treatment?" The null hypothesis "There is no differences between the fixed CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt customized retainer and the multi-stranded stainless-steel fixed retainer in maintaining mandibular anterior teeth stability."

Read the detailed description

A multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial will be consist of three main parts:

  1. Questionnaire Survey - A cross-sectional survey will be distributed to orthodontists to assess their experience and perception of CAD/CAM retainers.
  2. In Vitro Study - Laboratory tests will be performed on different diameters of CAD/CAM cobalt-chromium retainers to evaluate their mechanical properties, including tensile strength, load deflection, and shear bond strength.
  3. Clinical trial to to evaluate the effectiveness of CAD/CAM retainer group in minimizing the 6month post-orthodontic treatment change in term of a Little's Irregularity Index (LII).

42 Patients will be enrolled; at the last appointment of orthodontic treatment before debonding, subjects will be assessed for the presence of good gingival health parameters using the BPE. Then the patients will have supra gingival debridement followed by an intraoral scan for lower arch; Intraoral scans will be taken for all the participants and STL files will be generated. In addition, a stone model will be made for the lower arch of the control group.

Group 1 (CAD/CAM retainers): STL files will be sent to lab. Group 2 (conventional retainers): The retainer wire will be shaped to adapt passively to the lingual surfaces of lower anterior teeth on the stone model. A silicone transfer key will be prepared to facilitate the positioning of the retainers Laboratory work: CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt retainers; will be digitally designed by the dental technician using EXOCAD software. Then, they will be 3D printed by metal 3D printer and then will be polished. Also, a projection like extensions will be added at the ends of the retainers to avoid slippage in addition to gingivally directed V notch shaped bend in the retainer to increase the retention in the anterior region.

Bonding procedures: The operators will first check the fitting and adaptation of the retainers on the teeth. After cleaning the teeth and isolate them by placement the rubber dam; 35% phosphoric acid etchant gel will be applied. Bonding agent, as the manufacturer's recommendations will be used, After completing the bonding procedure, the patient will be recalled after one week to measure the parameters of gingival health to exclude the plaque retentive fixed appliance effect. The patient will be given oral hygiene instructions and encouraged to use the interdental brush and will be advised to contact the clinician as soon as possible if they have any concerns or problems.

Being tested
Stainless steel fixed retainer, 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainers
Medical subject headings
Patient Satisfaction

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Stainless steel fixed retainerDevice

    The Stainless steel fixed orthodontic retainer is fabricated from a 0.0215-inch, five-stranded stainless steel wire

  • 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainersDevice

    CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt retainers; will be digitally designed by the dental technician using EXOCAD software. Then, they will be printed by DMP Flex100 metal 3D printer and then will be polished. Also, a projection like extensions will be added at the ends of the retainers to avoid slippage in addition to gingivally directed V notch shaped bend in the retainer to increase the retention in the anterior region

Study groups in NCT06837168
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
CAD/CAM 3D Printed Chrome Cobalt Fixed Retainers groupActive comparatorThe participant will receive a fixed retainer fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. The retainer will be constructed from cobalt-chromium. The CAD/CAM process involved scanning the patient's dental arch to create a digital model, which was then used to design the retainer. The retainer will be bonded to the lingual surfaces of the mandibular incisors and canines, extending from canine to canine. Participants were instructed to maintain proper oral hygiene and attend regular follow-up appointments.
Receives: Device: 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainers
Stainless steel Fixed Retainer groupActive comparatorparticipants will receive a fixed orthodontic retainer fabricated from a 0.0215-inch, five-stranded stainless steel wire. The retainer will be bonded to the lingual surfaces of the mandibular incisors and canines, extending from canine to canine. Participants were instructed to maintain proper oral hygiene and attend regular follow-up appointments.
Receives: Device: Stainless steel fixed retainer

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Evaluate the effectiveness of CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt fixed retainers

    Evaluate the effectiveness of CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt fixed retainers a in term of post-treatment stability of mandibular anterior teeth over a 6-month period by using Little's Irregularity Index. Post-treatment changes in millimeters will be defined as change in labial segment alignment.

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Retainer survival

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  2. Patient satisfaction

    the patient experience with the new retainer will be evaluated through the Visual Analogue Scale regarding comfort/satisfaction with the Fixed retainers.

    There will be five questions relating to how comfortable he/she finds the retainers and how they affect the daily life. Each question must be answered by number from 0 to 100; The left side represents 0 = complete satisfaction/comfort The right side represents 100 = complete discomfort/unsatisfaction

    Measured: after 3 months of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  3. inter-canine width

    the distance between cusp tips of right and left mandibular canines in millimeters.

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  4. The pattern of wire failure

    The pattern of failure will be recorded:

    the wire-composite interface; the enamel-composite interface; wire fracture; or complete detachment from all teeth

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  5. overjet

    The horizontal distance ( in millimeters) between Maxillary incisor edge labial surface of Mandibular incisors

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  6. Overbite

    The distance of maximum vertical overlap ( in millimeters) between Maxillary and Mandibular incisors in maximum intercuspation.

    Measured: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  7. assessment of plaque accumulation

    by using plaque- disclosing agent and painting all the surfaces of the teeth Plaque index then calculated.

    Measured: after 3 months of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  8. Periodontal Probing Depth.

    measured in mm using periodontal prob.

    Measured: after 3 months of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

  9. Bleeding on Probing

    Measured: after 3 months of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Feb 2025
  2. Study start1 Jul 2025 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion30 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
42 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06837168
Sponsor's protocol ID
1021425
Status last verified
Feb 2025
First submitted
3 Feb 2025
Last updated
25 Feb 2025
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Kumrular B, Cicek O, Dag IE, Avar B, Erener H. Evaluation of the Corrosion Resistance of Different Types of Orthodontic Fixed Retention Appliances: A Preliminary Laboratory Study. J Funct Biomater. 2023 Jan 31;14(2):81. doi: 10.3390/jfb14020081.

    PubMed 36826880
  • Cokakoglu S, Adanur-Atmaca R, Cakir M, Ozturk F. Stability and failure rate during 3 years of fixed retention: A follow-up of an randomized clinical trial on adolescents with four different lingual retainers. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2024 Apr;27(2):251-258. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12714. Epub 2023 Oct 3.

    PubMed 37786933
  • Shim H, Foley P, Bankhead B, Kim KB. Comparative assessment of relapse and failure between CAD/CAM stainless steel and standard stainless steel fixed retainers in orthodontic retention patients. Angle Orthod. 2022 Jan 1;92(1):87-94. doi: 10.2319/121720-1015.1.

    PubMed 34464438
  • Gera A, Pullisaar H, Cattaneo PM, Gera S, Vandevska-Radunovic V, Cornelis MA. Stability, survival, and patient satisfaction with CAD/CAM versus conventional multistranded fixed retainers in orthodontic patients: a 6-month follow-up of a two-centre randomized controlled clinical trial. Eur J Orthod. 2023 Feb 10;45(1):58-67. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjac042.

    PubMed 35964235
  • Alnuaimy NS, Alhuwaizi AF. A Novel 3-Dimensional Printed Nanoceramic Hybrid Resin Fixed Lingual Retainer: Characterization and Mechanical Tests. Int J Dent. 2024 Oct 15;2024:3540846. doi: 10.1155/2024/3540846. eCollection 2024.

    PubMed 39445113
  • ISO.15841, Dentistry-Wires for Use in Orthodontics (Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization, 2nd edition, 2014): 5-7.

  • Baysal A, Uysal T, Gul N, Alan MB, Ramoglu SI. Comparison of three different orthodontic wires for bonded lingual retainer fabrication. Korean J Orthod. 2012 Feb;42(1):39-46. doi: 10.4041/kjod.2012.42.1.39. Epub 2012 Feb 27.

    PubMed 23112930

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Stainless steel fixed retainer and 3D printed CAD/CAM Chrome cobalt fixed lingual retainers in people with Tooth Stability and Periodontal Health, run by University of Baghdad at 1 site in Iraq.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Feb 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Iraq. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Hiba Muhammed Abdul-Wahhab (009647711144894, hiba.abd2403p@codental.uobaghdad.edu.iq), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Evaluate the effectiveness of CAD/CAM 3D printed Chrome Cobalt fixed retainers (time frame: from 1st day of retainer insertion to the last of initial (first ) 6 months of retention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06837168, which also lists 7 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Feb 2025.

Free account

Log in to keep searching

You’ve used your 3 free searches. AzTrials is free: log in or create a free account to keep searching clinical trials and save the ones you want to follow.

Create a free accountLog in