StrokeNCT06621771
Playing Piano to Improve Hand Function Early After Stroke
A study testing Music intervention and Occupational Therapy in people with Stroke, run by McGill University at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to study the feasibility of a 6-week piano playing training intervention in a subacute stroke population. More specifically, the investigators aim to (1) implement and test the feasibility of the intervention in the subacute stroke rehabilitation program; and (2) explore the… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 74 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Music intervention and Occupational Therapy
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- 15 Oct 2024to 30 Dec 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 74 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Have normal/corrected visual and auditory acuity
- Present a first-ever supratentorial unilateral stroke (1-24 weeks post-stroke)
- Present some capacity of dissociation of arm and finger movements, as reflected by scores of 3 to 6 on the arm and hand components of the Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment
- Have the capacity to follow simple instructions
- Have no professional piano experience (only for the piano group)
Who cannot join
- Presence of visual field defect, hemineglect as well as dementia or moderate-to-severe cognitive deficits (score less than 18 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Canada1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital
Laval, Quebec, H7V1R2
Anouk Lamontagne, PhD, 450-688-9550 ext. 84168, anouk.lamontagne@mcgill.ca
Vira Rose, 450-688-9550 ext. 84300, vrose_hjr@ssss.gouv.qc.ca
About this study
Official title: A Piano Training Program to Improve Manual Dexterity and Upper Extremity Function in Subacute Stroke Survivors
The goal of this clinical trial is to study the feasibility of a 6-week piano playing training intervention in a subacute stroke population. More specifically, the investigators aim to (1) implement and test the feasibility of the intervention in the subacute stroke rehabilitation program; and (2) explore the acceptability of the supervised training sessions and home practice sessions. Researchers will also (3) estimate and contrast the effects of the piano training intervention as compared to conventional therapy on manual dexterity, coordination, functional use of the upper extremity, attention and mood.
Therapy specifically provided as part of this project will be delivered above and beyond usual therapy time in both intervention groups. Participants of the piano group will:
Read more
- Engage in a step-by-step musical training consisting of two supervised, individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks, for a total of 12 sessions.
- The supervised session will also be complemented with a biweekly home program (15 minutes) consisting of piano exercises.
Participants in the conventional group will:
- Engage in two individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks consisting in conventional occupational therapy treatment.
- They will also receive a biweekly home program consisting in occupational therapy exercises (15 minutes).
Read the detailed description
Piano Training: Musical pieces are designed to involve all 5 digits of the paretic hand. Whether played with the right or left hand, they involve the same number of finger repetitions as well as similar finger sequences and melodic patterns. A Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) piano program called Synthesia will be used to display musical pieces on a computer screen that is adapted for people with no music reading abilities. Participants will be cued to press a sequence of key presses required to produce a melody by a visual display showing a blue dot falling from the upper part of the screen down to indicate the correct key on a virtual keyboard. After each cue, the program will pause until the participant pressed the correct key before moving on. During the supervised training sessions, participants will play on a touch sensitive piano keyboard. A computer will record the responses from the piano keyboard and provided a final score indicating the number of errors and total duration for each musical piece. A professional therapist will be present during these supervised sessions and will provide verbal feedback on the quality of movement and discouraged compensatory strategies. Nine musical pieces will be introduced to the participants in an order of increasing difficulty: level 1 involving movements of consecutive fingers (e.g.,1-2-3-4-5); level 2 involving third, fourth, and fifth intervals or movements of non-consecutive fingers (e.g., 1-3-5-1-4); and level 3 involving chords, that is 2 fingers played at the same time. Within each level, 3 musical pieces involving an increasing number of key presses and changes in melodic direction will be introduced. The speed of execution or tempo will also increase within each musical piece.
Conventional Intervention: Conventional sessions will consist of usual occupational therapy treatment (e.g., mobility, ADL, IALD, information session), excluding treatments focusing specifically on arm and hand motor recovery. The nature therapy provided as part of the conventional intervention will be carefully documents in the chart.
Home Practice: All participants in the piano group will receive an unsupervised home program consisting of piano sequence exercises comprising short excerpts of the same musical pieces practiced during the supervised sessions and they will receive a roll-up flexible piano. Participants in the conventional group will receive assignments related to occupational therapy exercises and/or IALD/ADLs. All participants will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Music intervention, Occupational Therapy
- Keywords
- Music therapy, Rehabilitation, Intervention, Upper extremity, dexterity
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Music interventionOther
Participants will engage in a step-by-step piano training consisting in playing piano pieces designed to involve all 5 digits of the paretic hand and increasing in complexity. They will be using a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) piano program called Synthesia to display musical pieces on a computer screen that is adapted for people with no music reading abilities and will be playing on a touch sensitive piano keyboard. The supervised session will also be complemented with a unsupervised home program consisting of piano sequence exercises comprising short excerpts of the same musical pieces practiced during the supervised sessions and they will receive a roll-up flexible piano
Occupational TherapyOther
Participants will receive conventional occupational therapy treatment (e.g., mobility, ADL, IALD, information session), excluding treatments focusing specifically on arm and hand motor recovery.The supervised session will also be complemented with an unsupervised home program consisting of assignments related to occupational therapy exercises and/or IALD/ADLs.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Piano group | Experimental | Participants will engage in a step-by-step musical training consisting of two supervised, individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks, for a total of 12 sessions. They will also be asked to practice 2x/week for 15 minutes and they will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session. Receives: Other: Music intervention |
| Conventional group | Active comparator | Participants will engage in two supervised and individual 45-min session per week for 6 consecutive week, consisting in usual occupational therapy treatment. They will be asked to practice 2x/week for 15 minutes and they will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session. Receives: Other: Occupational Therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Feasibility: Characteristics of stroke participants
Collected via chart review (e.g. CPA vs. outpatient program, age, sex/gender, stroke characteristics, upper extremity function level, cognitive function)
Measured: Pre-intervention (week0)
Feasibility: Number of eligible vs. referred participants
Assessed using the number of participants referred to the study in comparison to the list of admitted patients in the targeted stroke programs.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of completed sessions
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of piano pieces completed (piano group) vs occupational therapy exercises completed (conventional group)
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of home practice sessions
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - time of home practice sessions
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Feasibility: presence of adverse or undesirable effects during the intervention
Collected with open-ended questions.
Measured: Post-Intervention (week6)
Acceptability of the intervention
Participant's comments and observations collected using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) Questionnaire, which considers different dimensions such as affective attitude, perceived effectiveness, ethicality and opportunity cost. It comprises 8 items rated from 1 to 5. Minimum value is 8 and maximum value is 40. A higher score is associated with better outcomes.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Acceptability: Overall experience
Investigated through open-ended questions
Measured: Post-intervention (week6)
Secondary outcomes (8)
Change from Baseline in the Box and Block test at Post-intervention
Assess gross manual dexterity
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) at Post-intervention
Assesses fine manual dexterity
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Finger to Nose test at Post-intervention
Assesses arm movement coordination.
Measured: Post-Intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Finger Tapping test at Post-intervention
Assesses finger movement coordination.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the 6-items Jebsen Hand Function test at Post-intervention
Assesses functional use of the upper extremity.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Digit Span Test - Forward at Post-intervention
A subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) that assesses attention, more specifically auditory recall and working memory. Score is calculates as the longest number of forward sequential digits that can accurately be remembered. The maximum score is 16. A higher score is associated with better outcomes.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Digit Span Test - Backward at Post-intervention
A subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) that assesses attention, more specifically auditory recall and working memory. Score is calculates as the longest number of backward sequential digits that can accurately be remembered. The maximum score is 16. A higher score is associated with better outcomes.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at Post-intervention
A self-administered test assessing mood, more specifically screening for depression and anxiety. It comprises 14 items rated from 0 to 3. Seven questions relate to anxiety and seven to depression, giving two scores (maximum score for each = 21). A higher score is associated with worse outcomes.
Measured: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Oct 2024
- Study start15 Oct 2024
- Primary completion1 May 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Experimental study involving a repeated-measure designed of two groups of participants with stroke, i.e., those receiving piano training sessions and those receiving additional conventional occupational therapy sessions.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- McGill University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Anouk Lamontagne, McGill University
- Investigators
- Anouk Lamontagne, PhD, Principal investigator, McGill University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06621771
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MP-50-2024-2096
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 7 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data for all primary and secondary outcome measures will be made available.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Piano Training Program to Improve Manual Dexterity and Upper Extremity Function in Subacute Stroke Survivors
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06621771
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MP-50-2024-2096
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Keywords
- Music therapy, Rehabilitation, Intervention, Upper extremity, dexterity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- McGill UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital
- Study start
- 15 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 May 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 1 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to study the feasibility of a 6-week piano playing training intervention in a subacute stroke population. More specifically, the investigators aim to (1) implement and test the feasibility of the intervention in the subacute stroke rehabilitation program; and (2) explore the acceptability of the supervised training sessions and home practice sessions. Researchers will also (3) estimate and contrast the effects of the piano training intervention as compared to conventional therapy on manual dexterity, coordination, functional use of the upper extremity, attention and mood.
Therapy specifically provided as part of this project will be delivered above and beyond usual therapy time in both intervention groups. Participants of the piano group will:
- Engage in a step-by-step musical training consisting of two supervised, individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks, for a total of 12 sessions.
- The supervised session will also be complemented with a biweekly home program (15 minutes) consisting of piano exercises.
Participants in the conventional group will:
- Engage in two individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks consisting in conventional occupational therapy treatment.
- They will also receive a biweekly home program consisting in occupational therapy exercises (15 minutes).
Detailed description
Piano Training: Musical pieces are designed to involve all 5 digits of the paretic hand. Whether played with the right or left hand, they involve the same number of finger repetitions as well as similar finger sequences and melodic patterns. A Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) piano program called Synthesia will be used to display musical pieces on a computer screen that is adapted for people with no music reading abilities. Participants will be cued to press a sequence of key presses required to produce a melody by a visual display showing a blue dot falling from the upper part of the screen down to indicate the correct key on a virtual keyboard. After each cue, the program will pause until the participant pressed the correct key before moving on. During the supervised training sessions, participants will play on a touch sensitive piano keyboard. A computer will record the responses from the piano keyboard and provided a final score indicating the number of errors and total duration for each musical piece. A professional therapist will be present during these supervised sessions and will provide verbal feedback on the quality of movement and discouraged compensatory strategies. Nine musical pieces will be introduced to the participants in an order of increasing difficulty: level 1 involving movements of consecutive fingers (e.g.,1-2-3-4-5); level 2 involving third, fourth, and fifth intervals or movements of non-consecutive fingers (e.g., 1-3-5-1-4); and level 3 involving chords, that is 2 fingers played at the same time. Within each level, 3 musical pieces involving an increasing number of key presses and changes in melodic direction will be introduced. The speed of execution or tempo will also increase within each musical piece.
Conventional Intervention: Conventional sessions will consist of usual occupational therapy treatment (e.g., mobility, ADL, IALD, information session), excluding treatments focusing specifically on arm and hand motor recovery. The nature therapy provided as part of the conventional intervention will be carefully documents in the chart.
Home Practice: All participants in the piano group will receive an unsupervised home program consisting of piano sequence exercises comprising short excerpts of the same musical pieces practiced during the supervised sessions and they will receive a roll-up flexible piano. Participants in the conventional group will receive assignments related to occupational therapy exercises and/or IALD/ADLs. All participants will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Experimental study involving a repeated-measure designed of two groups of participants with stroke, i.e., those receiving piano training sessions and those receiving additional conventional occupational therapy sessions.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Piano group | Experimental | Other: Music interventionParticipants will engage in a step-by-step musical training consisting of two supervised, individual 45-min sessions per week for 6 consecutive weeks, for a total of 12 sessions. They will also be asked to practice 2x/week for 15 minutes and they will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session. |
| Conventional group | Active comparator | Other: Occupational TherapyParticipants will engage in two supervised and individual 45-min session per week for 6 consecutive week, consisting in usual occupational therapy treatment. They will be asked to practice 2x/week for 15 minutes and they will report on their practice duration and content in a logbook after each practice session. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 74 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Have normal/corrected visual and auditory acuity
- Present a first-ever supratentorial unilateral stroke (1-24 weeks post-stroke)
- Present some capacity of dissociation of arm and finger movements, as reflected by scores of 3 to 6 on the arm and hand components of the Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment
- Have the capacity to follow simple instructions
- Have no professional piano experience (only for the piano group)
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Presence of visual field defect, hemineglect as well as dementia or moderate-to-severe cognitive deficits (score less than 18 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Music interventionParticipants will engage in a step-by-step piano training consisting in playing piano pieces designed to involve all 5 digits of the paretic hand and increasing in complexity. They will be using a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) piano program called Synthesia to display musical pieces on a computer screen that is adapted for people with no music reading abilities and will be playing on a touch sensitive piano keyboard. The supervised session will also be complemented with a unsupervised home program consisting of piano sequence exercises comprising short excerpts of the same musical pieces practiced during the supervised sessions and they will receive a roll-up flexible piano | Other | Piano group |
| Occupational TherapyParticipants will receive conventional occupational therapy treatment (e.g., mobility, ADL, IALD, information session), excluding treatments focusing specifically on arm and hand motor recovery.The supervised session will also be complemented with an unsupervised home program consisting of assignments related to occupational therapy exercises and/or IALD/ADLs. | Other | Conventional group |
Primary outcome
Feasibility: Characteristics of stroke participants
Time frame: Pre-intervention (week0)
Collected via chart review (e.g. CPA vs. outpatient program, age, sex/gender, stroke characteristics, upper extremity function level, cognitive function)
Feasibility: Number of eligible vs. referred participants
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Assessed using the number of participants referred to the study in comparison to the list of admitted patients in the targeted stroke programs.
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of completed sessions
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of piano pieces completed (piano group) vs occupational therapy exercises completed (conventional group)
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - number of home practice sessions
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Feasibility: adherence to intervention - time of home practice sessions
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Training logbook filled by researchers/clinicians (supervised sessions) and subjects (unsupervised sessions).
Feasibility: presence of adverse or undesirable effects during the intervention
Time frame: Post-Intervention (week6)
Collected with open-ended questions.
Acceptability of the intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Participant's comments and observations collected using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) Questionnaire, which considers different dimensions such as affective attitude, perceived effectiveness, ethicality and opportunity cost. It comprises 8 items rated from 1 to 5. Minimum value is 8 and maximum value is 40. A higher score is associated with better outcomes.
Acceptability: Overall experience
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6)
Investigated through open-ended questions
8 secondary outcomes
Change from Baseline in the Box and Block test at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Finger to Nose test at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-Intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Finger Tapping test at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the 6-items Jebsen Hand Function test at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Digit Span Test - Forward at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Digit Span Test - Backward at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Change from Baseline in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at Post-intervention
Time frame: Post-intervention (week6) and Follow-up (week12)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data for all primary and secondary outcome measures will be made available.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Anouk Lamontagne, PhD principal investigator
McGill University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Music intervention and Occupational Therapy in people with Stroke, run by McGill University at 1 site in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Anouk Lamontagne, PhD (450-688-9550 ext. 84168, anouk.lamontagne@mcgill.ca), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Feasibility: Characteristics of stroke participants (time frame: Pre-intervention (week0)). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Oct 2026.