Preschool ChildrenNCT06574230
Dart Training Effect on Visual Perception and Attention Level
A study testing TRAINING PROGRAM in people with Preschool Children and Healthy, run by Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University.
Trial summary
Engagement in structured physical and sports activities is widely recognized as an effective method for enhancing visual perception and attention levels. Studies have demonstrated that dart training, in particular, has a beneficial effect on visual perception and attention. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 15 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Preschool Children, Healthy
- What is being tested?
- TRAINING PROGRAM
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 45 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 12 Feb 2014to 20 Aug 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 15 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- secondary school students
- being a 5th grade students
- never been playing darts before
Who cannot join
- having any cardiovascular, neurological, orthopedic, or psychiatric disease
- students who are not taking any regular medication.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Regular Dart Training on Visual Perception and Attention Level in Pre-school Children
Engagement in structured physical and sports activities is widely recognized as an effective method for enhancing visual perception and attention levels. Studies have demonstrated that dart training, in particular, has a beneficial effect on visual perception and attention. Research consistently underscores the significance of visual perception and attention in the accuracy of dart throwing. As dart training enhances these cognitive functions, the integration of visual perception and attention-focused instructions has been shown to improve throwing accuracy. However, the existing literature on this topic, especially regarding pre-adolescent populations, remains limited. Furthermore, evaluating the impact of a structured dart exercise program on both attention and visual perception simultaneously is considered a crucial factor that underscores the significance of this research. This study aimed to determine the effects of dart exercises on the visual perception and attention parameters of pre-adolescent students.
The study included 45 preschool children, with 23 in the experimental group (12 girls and 11 boys) and 22 in the control group (11 girls and 11 boys). Baseline testing of attention and visual perception was conducted prior to the start of the structured dart exercise program, which lasted for 12 weeks. The exercises were performed three days a week, with each session lasting 90 minutes. After 12 weeks, visual perception and d2 attention tests were administered to both the exercise and control groups.
Read the detailed description
The relationship between dart training and cognitive function has been well-documented. Studies have consistently demonstrated that visual perception and attention are critical for dart-throwing accuracy, and that structured dart training can improve these skills. Moreover, the inclusion of exercises specifically designed to target visual perception and attention has been shown to further enhance throwing accuracy, highlighting the importance of integrating cognitive training with physical practice.
Despite the promising findings, there is a noticeable gap in the literature, particularly concerning the pre-adolescent population. Few studies have explored the effects of dart training on visual perception and attention in this age group. Additionally, there is a lack of research that simultaneously evaluates the impact of a structured dart exercise program on both attention and visual perception, which is crucial for understanding the comprehensive benefits of such interventions.
To address this gap, the present study aimed to assess the effects of dart exercises on the visual perception and attention parameters of pre-adolescent students. The study included 45 preschool children, divided into an experimental group (23 children: 12 girls and 11 boys) and a control group (22 children: 11 girls and 11 boys). Baseline assessments of attention and visual perception were conducted prior to the intervention. The structured dart exercise program, which spanned 12 weeks, consisted of sessions held three days a week, each lasting 90 minutes. Following the completion of the program, visual perception and d2 attention tests were administered to both the experimental and control groups to evaluate the impact of the dart exercises.
- Conditions
- Preschool Children, Healthy
- Being tested
- TRAINING PROGRAM
- Keywords
- exercise, dart training
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TRAINING PROGRAMOther
Each training session included a structured set of exercises aimed at enhancing these skills. For example, participants practiced precision drills to target specific areas of the dartboard, endurance drills to build stamina for longer games, and competitive exercises to simulate real-game conditions. This combination of theoretical knowledge, practical skill development, and strategic gameplay was designed to comprehensively improve the participants\' dart-throwing abilities over the course of the program. A 12-week dart training program, with sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting 90 minutes. In the first week, participants received comprehensive theoretical and practical instruction covering the rules of the game, proper breathing techniques, and throwing mechanics. This initial phase was designed to ensure a solid understanding of the fundamentals before progressing to more advanced training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| dart training | Experimental | The exercise group participated in dart training for 12 weeks, with sessions held three times per week, each lasting 90 minutes. During the first week of the program, participants received both theoretical and practical instruction on game rules, breathing techniques, and throwing techniques. The training focused on breathing control, throwing techniques, scoring strategies, and involved practicing a set number of exercises. Receives: Other: TRAINING PROGRAM |
| control group | No intervention | the control group did not engage in any dart-related activities during this period and were instructed to continue with their regular daily activities at school. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Perception Test
The test includes 13 multiple-choice questions. Each question had four options. The test duration was approximately 30 min, and the tests were performed individually. The evaluation of the test is made out of a total of 100 points, with 7.69 points given for each correctly answered question. Therefore, the lowest score that could be obtained from the test was 0, and the highest score was 100. As the score obtained from the test increased, students' visual perception skills increased.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Attention Test
The attention Test measures selective attention and mental concentration over time. The test can be applied individually or in groups to individuals between the ages of 9-60. The one-page test form contained 14 rows, 47 in each row, for a total of 658 figures. The letters d and p are used in the test. Some letters have one, two, three, or four dots above or below them. In the test, letters can be found in 16 different ways, depending on where they take the dots and their numbers. The main task of the person taking the test was to find the letter d, which had a total of two dots. These can be observed in the tests in three different ways. The test taker had 20 seconds to perform the task specified in each row. The test completion time was approximately eight minutes.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Aug 2024
- Study start12 Feb 2014
- Primary completion12 Aug 2024
- Study completion20 Aug 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Preschool ChildrenStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Monira Aldhahi, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Investigators
- Çalık Veli KOÇAK, PhD, Principal investigator, Aksaray University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06574230
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024/01-09
- Status last verified
- Aug 2024
- First submitted
- 23 Aug 2024
- Last updated
- 27 Aug 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: Individual Participant Data might not be shared due to concerns about privacy and confidentiality, especially when dealing with sensitive information that could potentially identify participants.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Aug 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Regular Dart Training on Visual Perception and Attention Level in Pre-school Children
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06574230
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2024/01-09
- Conditions
- Preschool Children, Healthy
- Keywords
- exercise, dart training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 12 Feb 2014 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Aug 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Engagement in structured physical and sports activities is widely recognized as an effective method for enhancing visual perception and attention levels. Studies have demonstrated that dart training, in particular, has a beneficial effect on visual perception and attention. Research consistently underscores the significance of visual perception and attention in the accuracy of dart throwing. As dart training enhances these cognitive functions, the integration of visual perception and attention-focused instructions has been shown to improve throwing accuracy. However, the existing literature on this topic, especially regarding pre-adolescent populations, remains limited. Furthermore, evaluating the impact of a structured dart exercise program on both attention and visual perception simultaneously is considered a crucial factor that underscores the significance of this research. This study aimed to determine the effects of dart exercises on the visual perception and attention parameters of pre-adolescent students.
The study included 45 preschool children, with 23 in the experimental group (12 girls and 11 boys) and 22 in the control group (11 girls and 11 boys). Baseline testing of attention and visual perception was conducted prior to the start of the structured dart exercise program, which lasted for 12 weeks. The exercises were performed three days a week, with each session lasting 90 minutes. After 12 weeks, visual perception and d2 attention tests were administered to both the exercise and control groups.
Detailed description
The relationship between dart training and cognitive function has been well-documented. Studies have consistently demonstrated that visual perception and attention are critical for dart-throwing accuracy, and that structured dart training can improve these skills. Moreover, the inclusion of exercises specifically designed to target visual perception and attention has been shown to further enhance throwing accuracy, highlighting the importance of integrating cognitive training with physical practice.
Despite the promising findings, there is a noticeable gap in the literature, particularly concerning the pre-adolescent population. Few studies have explored the effects of dart training on visual perception and attention in this age group. Additionally, there is a lack of research that simultaneously evaluates the impact of a structured dart exercise program on both attention and visual perception, which is crucial for understanding the comprehensive benefits of such interventions.
To address this gap, the present study aimed to assess the effects of dart exercises on the visual perception and attention parameters of pre-adolescent students. The study included 45 preschool children, divided into an experimental group (23 children: 12 girls and 11 boys) and a control group (22 children: 11 girls and 11 boys). Baseline assessments of attention and visual perception were conducted prior to the intervention. The structured dart exercise program, which spanned 12 weeks, consisted of sessions held three days a week, each lasting 90 minutes. Following the completion of the program, visual perception and d2 attention tests were administered to both the experimental and control groups to evaluate the impact of the dart exercises.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| dart training | Experimental | Other: TRAINING PROGRAMThe exercise group participated in dart training for 12 weeks, with sessions held three times per week, each lasting 90 minutes. During the first week of the program, participants received both theoretical and practical instruction on game rules, breathing techniques, and throwing techniques. The training focused on breathing control, throwing techniques, scoring strategies, and involved practicing a set number of exercises. |
| control group | No intervention | –the control group did not engage in any dart-related activities during this period and were instructed to continue with their regular daily activities at school. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 15 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- secondary school students
- being a 5th grade students
- never been playing darts before
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- having any cardiovascular, neurological, orthopedic, or psychiatric disease
- students who are not taking any regular medication.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TRAINING PROGRAMEach training session included a structured set of exercises aimed at enhancing these skills. For example, participants practiced precision drills to target specific areas of the dartboard, endurance drills to build stamina for longer games, and competitive exercises to simulate real-game conditions. This combination of theoretical knowledge, practical skill development, and strategic gameplay was designed to comprehensively improve the participants\' dart-throwing abilities over the course of the program. A 12-week dart training program, with sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting 90 minutes. In the first week, participants received comprehensive theoretical and practical instruction covering the rules of the game, proper breathing techniques, and throwing mechanics. This initial phase was designed to ensure a solid understanding of the fundamentals before progressing to more advanced training. | Other | dart training |
Primary outcome
Visual Perception Test
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
The test includes 13 multiple-choice questions. Each question had four options. The test duration was approximately 30 min, and the tests were performed individually. The evaluation of the test is made out of a total of 100 points, with 7.69 points given for each correctly answered question. Therefore, the lowest score that could be obtained from the test was 0, and the highest score was 100. As the score obtained from the test increased, students' visual perception skills increased.
Attention Test
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
The attention Test measures selective attention and mental concentration over time. The test can be applied individually or in groups to individuals between the ages of 9-60. The one-page test form contained 14 rows, 47 in each row, for a total of 658 figures. The letters d and p are used in the test. Some letters have one, two, three, or four dots above or below them. In the test, letters can be found in 16 different ways, depending on where they take the dots and their numbers. The main task of the person taking the test was to find the letter d, which had a total of two dots. These can be observed in the tests in three different ways. The test taker had 20 seconds to perform the task specified in each row. The test completion time was approximately eight minutes.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Aug 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. Individual Participant Data might not be shared due to concerns about privacy and confidentiality, especially when dealing with sensitive information that could potentially identify participants.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Çalık Veli KOÇAK, PhD principal investigator
Aksaray University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing TRAINING PROGRAM in people with Preschool Children and Healthy, run by Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Aug 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Perception Test (time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Aug 2024.