Shoulder PainNCT06552585
Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers
A study testing 12-weeks weight prevention program and 12-weeks elastic band prevention program in people with Shoulder Pain and Injury;Sports, run by School of Allied Health Sciences of Porto (ESTSP) - Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP) at 1 site in Portugal.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of two 12-week preventive exercise programs for swimmer's shoulder with monitoring and progression over time, on the peak torque and respective conventional concentric ratio and functional ratio. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 16 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Shoulder Pain, Injury;Sports, Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- 12-weeks weight prevention program and 12-weeks elastic band prevention program
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePortugal
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2022to 30 Apr 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 16 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Competitve swimmer in the current season.
- Aged between 16-35 years old.
- Have a minimum of 5 years of experience in national competitions.
- Performed a minimum of 8 hours of weekly swimming training.
Who cannot join
- Subjects who had performed at least 6 weeks of treatment such as physical therapy, injections, and medication.
- Clinical situations such as a history of significant shoulder pain in the last 6 months, a history of traumatic shoulder injuries such as fractures, subluxations, cervical or thoracic conditions, previous shoulder surgeries, shoulder range of motion deficits, or neurological injuries.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers: a Randomized Controlled Trial
The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of two 12-week preventive exercise programs for swimmer's shoulder with monitoring and progression over time, on the peak torque and respective conventional concentric ratio and functional ratio. One of these programs was performed with weights and the other with an elastic band. This study hypothesized that the two preventive exercise programs minimize shoulder rotators imbalanced during the swimming season. The study design is a care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial
- Conditions
- Shoulder Pain, Injury;Sports, Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- 12-weeks weight prevention program, 12-weeks elastic band prevention program, sham intervention
- Keywords
- Swimmer's shoulder, Elastic band program, Weight program, Shoulder rotators, Injury prevention, Swimming
- Medical subject headings
- Shoulder Pain, Athletic Injuries
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
12-weeks weight prevention programOther
Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the weight program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with two weights Domyos with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 kg.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.
12-weeks elastic band prevention programOther
Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the elastic band program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with an elastic band Bodytone Power Band with 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 kg weights Domyos.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.
sham interventionOther
The control group performed a sham intervention, twice a week, for 12-weeks. This intervention consisted of 2 sets of 10 repetitions of 5 shoulder mobility exercises, without preventive aim, normally carried out in warm-up before training: shoulder maximum flexion and extension, horizontal abduction and adduction starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, maximum internal/external rotation starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, circumduction of the shoulder in a clockwise direction and circumduction of the shoulder in a counterclockwise direction. There was no progression after 6-weeks of this sham intervention. The coach of the respective team checked the execution of the exercises, but there was no individualized monitoring with a regular exercise technique correction by a physiotherapist.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Weight program group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: 12-weeks weight prevention program |
| Elastic band program group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: 12-weeks elastic band prevention program |
| Control | Sham comparator | Not described Receives: Other: sham intervention |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Peak torque
The concentric and eccentric peak torque of internal and external rotators of the dominant and non-dominant shoulders at 60°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s, evaluated through an isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 3 (Biodex Medical Systems, New York).
Measured: 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (3)
Conventional concentric external/internal shoulder rotators ratio
The quotient between peak torque values of the concentric external and internal rotators of the shoulder multiplied by 100.
Measured: 12 weeks
Functional eccentric external/concentric internal shoulder rotators ratio
The quotient between peak torque values of the eccentric external rotators of the shoulder and concentric internal rotators of the shoulder multiplied by 100.
Measured: 12 weeks
Time to peak torque
The time between the beginning of the torque caption and the peak torque previously described.
Measured: 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Aug 2024
- Study start1 Sep 2022
- Primary completion1 Nov 2022
- Study completion30 Apr 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Shoulder PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- School of Allied Health Sciences of Porto (ESTSP) - Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP)
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Coimbra, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Nuno Tavares, Universidade do Porto
- Investigators
- Maria António Castro, PhD, Study director, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06552585
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SchoolAHSP
- Status last verified
- Aug 2024
- First submitted
- 7 Aug 2024
- Last updated
- 14 Aug 2024
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Tavares N, Vilas-Boas JP, Castro MA. Effect of Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder Injury on Rotator Cuff Torque and Balance in Competitive Swimmers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Mar 1;13(5):538. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13050538.
PubMed 40077099
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Aug 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers: a Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06552585
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SchoolAHSP
- Conditions
- Shoulder Pain, Injury;Sports, Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- Swimmer's shoulder, Elastic band program, Weight program, Shoulder rotators, Injury prevention, Swimming
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- School of Allied Health Sciences of Porto (ESTSP) - Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP)University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Coimbra, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Apr 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of two 12-week preventive exercise programs for swimmer's shoulder with monitoring and progression over time, on the peak torque and respective conventional concentric ratio and functional ratio. One of these programs was performed with weights and the other with an elastic band. This study hypothesized that the two preventive exercise programs minimize shoulder rotators imbalanced during the swimming season. The study design is a care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, care provider)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Weight program group | Experimental | Other: 12-weeks weight prevention program |
| Elastic band program group | Experimental | Other: 12-weeks elastic band prevention program |
| Control | Sham comparator | Other: sham intervention |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 16 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Competitve swimmer in the current season.
- Aged between 16-35 years old.
- Have a minimum of 5 years of experience in national competitions.
- Performed a minimum of 8 hours of weekly swimming training.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Subjects who had performed at least 6 weeks of treatment such as physical therapy, injections, and medication.
- Clinical situations such as a history of significant shoulder pain in the last 6 months, a history of traumatic shoulder injuries such as fractures, subluxations, cervical or thoracic conditions, previous shoulder surgeries, shoulder range of motion deficits, or neurological injuries.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| 12-weeks weight prevention programTwice a week, over 12-weeks, the weight program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with two weights Domyos with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 kg.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression. | Other | Weight program group |
| 12-weeks elastic band prevention programTwice a week, over 12-weeks, the elastic band program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with an elastic band Bodytone Power Band with 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 kg weights Domyos.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression. | Other | Elastic band program group |
| sham interventionThe control group performed a sham intervention, twice a week, for 12-weeks. This intervention consisted of 2 sets of 10 repetitions of 5 shoulder mobility exercises, without preventive aim, normally carried out in warm-up before training: shoulder maximum flexion and extension, horizontal abduction and adduction starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, maximum internal/external rotation starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, circumduction of the shoulder in a clockwise direction and circumduction of the shoulder in a counterclockwise direction. There was no progression after 6-weeks of this sham intervention. The coach of the respective team checked the execution of the exercises, but there was no individualized monitoring with a regular exercise technique correction by a physiotherapist. | Other | Control |
Primary outcome
Peak torque
Time frame: 12 weeks
The concentric and eccentric peak torque of internal and external rotators of the dominant and non-dominant shoulders at 60°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s, evaluated through an isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 3 (Biodex Medical Systems, New York).
3 secondary outcomes
Conventional concentric external/internal shoulder rotators ratio
Time frame: 12 weeks
Functional eccentric external/concentric internal shoulder rotators ratio
Time frame: 12 weeks
Time to peak torque
Time frame: 12 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Aug 2024.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40077099Tavares N, Vilas-Boas JP, Castro MA. Effect of Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder Injury on Rotator Cuff Torque and Balance in Competitive Swimmers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Mar 1;13(5):538. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13050538.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Maria António Castro, PhD study director
Instituto Politécnico de Leiria
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing 12-weeks weight prevention program and 12-weeks elastic band prevention program in people with Shoulder Pain and Injury;Sports, run by School of Allied Health Sciences of Porto (ESTSP) - Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP) at 1 site in Portugal.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Aug 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Portugal. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Peak torque (time frame: 12 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06552585, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Aug 2024.