Tobacco-Related CarcinomaNCT05972941
Nicotine and Tobacco Message Framing Among LGBT Young Adults
A study testing Health communications in people with Tobacco-Related Carcinoma, run by Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This trial refines and evaluates how cultural targeting influences the effectiveness of anti-tobacco messages among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) young adults at risk for the use of more than one tobacco product (polytobacco use). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
- What is being tested?
- Health communications
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 252 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 19 Jun 2023to 6 Feb 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Speaks English fluently
- Self-identifies as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or another non- heterosexual orientation or non-binary gender identity
- Ever used e-cigarettes AND combustible cigarettes
- Currently uses e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, or both e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes
- Resides in the United States
- Access to a laptop or desktop computer with a camera for virtual eye-tracking
Who cannot join
- Glaucoma
- Cataracts
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Nicotine and Tobacco Message Framing on Use Among Diverse Groups of Young Adults
This trial refines and evaluates how cultural targeting influences the effectiveness of anti-tobacco messages among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) young adults at risk for the use of more than one tobacco product (polytobacco use). Polytobacco use is associated with nicotine dependence and tobacco use into adulthood, and is disproportionately high among LGBT young adults. This trial seeks to determine how cultural targeting can be applied to communicate polytobacco use risk to at-risk LGBT young adults.
Read the detailed description
The goal of this study is to identify if culturally targeted (CT) or non-targeted (NT) anti-polytobacco messages are most effective for engaging LGBT consumers. Using the most effective NT messages from Aim 1, investigators will create a set of CT messages. Message framing will remain consistent between CT and NT messages; however, CT messages will include language and graphics representing LGBT values formative research and the existing peer-reviewed literature. Participants will be randomized to view CT or NT messages in a virtual lab where investigators will assess eye-tracking, self-reported perceived effectiveness, risk perceptions, and behavioral intentions. Participants will also complete a 1-week follow-up. The study aims to determine the effects of cultural targeting on attention to anti-polytobacco messages and perceived effectiveness among LGBT young adults susceptible to polytobacco use.
- Conditions
- Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
- Being tested
- Health communications
- Keywords
- health communication, LGBT
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Health communicationsBehavioural
Participants will view eight culturally targeted or non-targeted health communications about the health risks of nicotine and tobacco use.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Culturally targeted messages | Experimental | Participants will view 8 nicotine and tobacco health messages with LGBT culturally targeted messages and imagery Receives: Behavioral: Health communications |
| Non-targeted messages | Other | Participants will view 8 nicotine and tobacco health messages with universal messages and imagery Receives: Behavioral: Health communications |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Attention - Dwell Time
Visual attention measured by dwell time (milliseconds) on areas of interest (AOI; e.g., text, graphic) within a stimuli was assessed via eye-tracking for each message (n=8). Dwell times on AOIs were summed for all stimuli viewed by each participant and averaged. Scores represent total average dwell time on AOIs across stimuli.
Measured: During intervention on Day 1, on average 3 minutes
Visual Attention - Time to First Fixation
Time (milliseconds) to first fixation on areas of interest (text, graphic) within a stimuli was assessed via eye-tracking for each message (n=8). Time to first fixation on a specific AOI was summed for all stimuli viewed by each participant and averaged. Scores represent total average time to first fixation on AOIs across stimuli.
Measured: During intervention on Day 1, on average 3 minutes.
Perceived Message Effectiveness - Message Perceptions
6-items on a 5-point scale where 1 = Not at all and 5 = Very much.
Please rate each statement from 1 (not at all) to 5 (very much). These message are worth remembering. These messages grabbed my attention. These messages are powerful. These messages are convincing. These messages are meaningful. These messages are informative.
Individual items are summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Perceived Message Effectiveness - Effects Perceptions
6-items. 5-point scale where 1 = Strongly disagree to 5 = Strongly agree
These messages discourage me from smoking cigarettes. These messages make me concerned about the negative effects of smoking cigarettes These messages make smoking cigarettes seem unpleasant to me.
3-items above are summed and averaged. Higher scores indicate better outcome.
These messages discourage me from vaping nicotine. These messages make me concerned about the negative effects of vaping nicotine. These messages make vaping nicotine seem unpleasant to me.
3-items above are summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Change in Behavioral Intentions
8 items total. 4-point scale 1 = Definitely not to 4 = Definitely will.
The following items were asked at baseline and post-exposure.
How likely is it that in the next 3 months, you will refrain from vaping nicotine....
- completely and permanently?
- when you get lonely?
- when you are with your friends who use them?
- when someone hands you a vape?
How likely is it that in the next 3 months, you will refrain from smoking cigarettes...
- completely and permanently?
- when you get lonely?
- when you are with your friends who use them?
- when someone hands you a cigarette?
For each subscale, pre-test and post-test items were summed and averaged. Change scores were calculated for each subscale by subtracting pre-test scores from post-test scores. Change scores could range from 0 to 3.
Higher change scores indicate a better outcome (i.e. greater change in intentions to refrain from smoking or vaping)
Measured: Change from Baseline in behavioral intentions immediately post-exposure to intervention
Behavioral Intentions: Quitting Smoking
Number of participants who answer "Yes" to the following: Do you plan to quit smoking cigarettes in the next 30 days? (Yes/No)
Measured: Difference between conditions in behavioral intentions to quit smoking at 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Behavioral Intentions to Quit Vaping
Number of participants who answer "Yes" to the following: "Do you plan to quit vaping nicotine in the next 30 days?" (Yes/No)
Measured: Difference between conditions in behavioral intentions to quit vaping at 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Secondary outcomes (6)
Reactance
3-items; 5-point Likert scale where 1 = Strongly disagree and 5 = Strongly agree
These messages are trying to manipulate me. These messages annoy me. The health effects of these messages are overblown.
Items are summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Ad Relevance
5 items; 7-point Likert scale where 1 = Strongly Disagree and 7 = Strongly agree These ads were created just for me. These ads were created for people like me. These ads were relevant to me. These ads were of value to me. These ads were important to me.
Items were summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Liking
Single item; 5-point Likert scale where 1 = Strongly disagree and 5 = Strongly agree
I like these messages.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Attitudes
Two items; 7-point Likert scale where 1 = These message made me feel much worse and 7 = These message made me feel much better.
Did these messages change how you feel about smoking combustible cigarettes?
Did these messages change how you feel about vaping nicotine?
Higher scores mean a worse outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Response Efficacy
6-items; 5 point Likert scale where 1 = Strongly disagree and 5 = Strongly agree
These messages will motivate CIGARETTE SMOKERS to switch to vaping. These messages will motivate people to quit ALL smoking and vaping. These messages will motivate NON-USERS to start vaping. These messages will motivate NON-USERS to start smoking cigarettes. These messages will motivate CIGARETTE SMOKERS to quit. These messages will motivate VAPERS to quit.
Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Measured: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Qualitative Recall of Health Messages
Participants will be asked the following question: "The images that you viewed included health messages. What do you remember about the health messages?" Outcome indicates then number of participants who qualitatively reported recalling something about the health message.
Measured: 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Aug 2023
- Study start19 Jun 2023
- Primary completion29 Jan 2024
- Study completion6 Feb 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Tobacco-Related CarcinomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 252 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Joanne Patterson, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Investigators
- Joanne G Patterson, PhD, Principal investigator, The Ohio State University College of Public Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05972941
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- OSU-23020
- Other IDs
- 4R00CA260718-02, NCI-2024-05891
- Status last verified
- Jun 2025
- First submitted
- 26 Jun 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Jun 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Nicotine and Tobacco Message Framing on Use Among Diverse Groups of Young Adults
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05972941
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- OSU-23020
- Conditions
- Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
- Keywords
- health communication, LGBT
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 252 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Study start
- 19 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 6 Feb 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 18 Jun 2025
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This trial refines and evaluates how cultural targeting influences the effectiveness of anti-tobacco messages among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) young adults at risk for the use of more than one tobacco product (polytobacco use). Polytobacco use is associated with nicotine dependence and tobacco use into adulthood, and is disproportionately high among LGBT young adults. This trial seeks to determine how cultural targeting can be applied to communicate polytobacco use risk to at-risk LGBT young adults.
Detailed description
The goal of this study is to identify if culturally targeted (CT) or non-targeted (NT) anti-polytobacco messages are most effective for engaging LGBT consumers. Using the most effective NT messages from Aim 1, investigators will create a set of CT messages. Message framing will remain consistent between CT and NT messages; however, CT messages will include language and graphics representing LGBT values formative research and the existing peer-reviewed literature. Participants will be randomized to view CT or NT messages in a virtual lab where investigators will assess eye-tracking, self-reported perceived effectiveness, risk perceptions, and behavioral intentions. Participants will also complete a 1-week follow-up. The study aims to determine the effects of cultural targeting on attention to anti-polytobacco messages and perceived effectiveness among LGBT young adults susceptible to polytobacco use.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Culturally targeted messages | Experimental | Behavioral: Health communicationsParticipants will view 8 nicotine and tobacco health messages with LGBT culturally targeted messages and imagery |
| Non-targeted messages | Other | Behavioral: Health communicationsParticipants will view 8 nicotine and tobacco health messages with universal messages and imagery |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Speaks English fluently
- Self-identifies as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or another non- heterosexual orientation or non-binary gender identity
- Ever used e-cigarettes AND combustible cigarettes
- Currently uses e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, or both e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes
- Resides in the United States
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Glaucoma
- Cataracts
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Health communicationsParticipants will view eight culturally targeted or non-targeted health communications about the health risks of nicotine and tobacco use. | Behavioural | Culturally targeted messages, Non-targeted messages |
Primary outcome
Visual Attention - Dwell Time
Time frame: During intervention on Day 1, on average 3 minutes
Visual attention measured by dwell time (milliseconds) on areas of interest (AOI; e.g., text, graphic) within a stimuli was assessed via eye-tracking for each message (n=8). Dwell times on AOIs were summed for all stimuli viewed by each participant and averaged. Scores represent total average dwell time on AOIs across stimuli.
Visual Attention - Time to First Fixation
Time frame: During intervention on Day 1, on average 3 minutes.
Time (milliseconds) to first fixation on areas of interest (text, graphic) within a stimuli was assessed via eye-tracking for each message (n=8). Time to first fixation on a specific AOI was summed for all stimuli viewed by each participant and averaged. Scores represent total average time to first fixation on AOIs across stimuli.
Perceived Message Effectiveness - Message Perceptions
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
6-items on a 5-point scale where 1 = Not at all and 5 = Very much. Please rate each statement from 1 (not at all) to 5 (very much). These message are worth remembering. These messages grabbed my attention. These messages are powerful. These messages are convincing. These messages are meaningful. These messages are informative. Individual items are summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Perceived Message Effectiveness - Effects Perceptions
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
6-items. 5-point scale where 1 = Strongly disagree to 5 = Strongly agree These messages discourage me from smoking cigarettes. These messages make me concerned about the negative effects of smoking cigarettes These messages make smoking cigarettes seem unpleasant to me. 3-items above are summed and averaged. Higher scores indicate better outcome. These messages discourage me from vaping nicotine. These messages make me concerned about the negative effects of vaping nicotine. These messages make vaping nicotine seem unpleasant to me. 3-items above are summed and averaged for a total score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Change in Behavioral Intentions
Time frame: Change from Baseline in behavioral intentions immediately post-exposure to intervention
8 items total. 4-point scale 1 = Definitely not to 4 = Definitely will. The following items were asked at baseline and post-exposure. How likely is it that in the next 3 months, you will refrain from vaping nicotine.... * completely and permanently? * when you get lonely? * when you are with your friends who use them? * when someone hands you a vape? How likely is it that in the next 3 months, you will refrain from smoking cigarettes... * completely and permanently? * when you get lonely? * when you are with your friends who use them? * when someone hands you a cigarette? For each subscale, pre-test and post-test items were summed and averaged. Change scores were calculated for each subscale by subtracting pre-test scores from post-test scores. Change scores could range from 0 to 3. Higher change scores indicate a better outcome (i.e. greater change in intentions to refrain from smoking or vaping)
Behavioral Intentions: Quitting Smoking
Time frame: Difference between conditions in behavioral intentions to quit smoking at 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Number of participants who answer "Yes" to the following: Do you plan to quit smoking cigarettes in the next 30 days? (Yes/No)
Behavioral Intentions to Quit Vaping
Time frame: Difference between conditions in behavioral intentions to quit vaping at 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Number of participants who answer "Yes" to the following: "Do you plan to quit vaping nicotine in the next 30 days?" (Yes/No)
6 secondary outcomes
Reactance
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Ad Relevance
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Liking
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Attitudes
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Response Efficacy
Time frame: Immediately post-exposure to intervention
Qualitative Recall of Health Messages
Time frame: 1-week follow-up after intervention exposure
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jun 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- The JameslineLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
Not yet recruiting
Studying the Impacts of Higher Taxes and Bans on Electronic Cigarettes to Improve Public Health
Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
Active, not recruiting
Text Message and Mail Delivery of Tailored Educational Materials to Improve Access to Resources for Smoking Cessation of Menthol Tobacco Cigarettes
Cigarette Smoking-Related Carcinoma
Active, not recruiting
A Novel Tobacco Cessation Resource for Smokers With a Diagnosed or Suspected Thoracic Cancer
Cigarette Smoking-Related Carcinoma, Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm
Recruiting
A Digital Intervention (ACT on Vaping App) for Vaping Cessation in Young Adult E-Cigarette Users
Nicotine Dependence, Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
Not yet recruiting
A Novel Smartphone Application for Helping Teens Stop Vaping, QuitQuest Vaping R01
Tobacco-Related Carcinoma
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Joanne G Patterson, PhD principal investigator
The Ohio State University College of Public Health
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Health communications in people with Tobacco-Related Carcinoma, run by Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 18 Jun 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Attention - Dwell Time (time frame: During intervention on Day 1, on average 3 minutes). The study lists 7 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jun 2025.