Gender DysphoriaB6702021001262NCT05204732
Acoustic and Perceptual Effects of Intonation Training in Gender Diverse People
A study testing Intonation training in people with Gender Dysphoria, run by University Ghent at 1 site in Belgium.
Trial summary
The aim of this project is to investigate the short- and the longer-term effect of intonation training on vocal characteristics, listener perceptions and patient related outcome measures (PROMS) in gender diverse people using a randomized sham-controlled trial. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Gender Dysphoria
- What is being tested?
- Intonation training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 55 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBelgium
- Study dates
- 30 Mar 2022to 31 Mar 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Normal hearing (using ISO standard audiometry)
- Native Dutch speaker
Who cannot join
- A history of neurological disorders
- Previous phonosurgery or speech therapy
- Vocal pathology (using videolaryngostroboscopy)
- Smokers.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The aim of this project is to investigate the short- and the longer-term effect of intonation training on vocal characteristics, listener perceptions and patient related outcome measures (PROMS) in gender diverse people using a randomized sham-controlled trial.
Read the detailed description
Background and Problem Statement. Speech training in gender diverse individuals focuses on aspects of communication that strongly influence gender perception. Findings from the literature suggest that a listener's gender perception is determined not only by pitch, but also by other components such as intonation. However, the nature and extent of pitch changes required to alter gender perception are not known. In speech therapy, intonation training is frequently used for speech feminization. However, empirical evidence for this is lacking.
Research questions and/or hypotheses Thisresearch investigates the short- and long-term effects of intonation training on acoustic voice characteristics, gender perception and findings of gender-diverse individuals using a randomized sham-controlled trial (RCT). Based on findings from the literature, (a) gender-congruent values are expected for intonation parameters, in addition (b) assessments of gender that fit the gender identity of the person and (c) an improvement in self-assessment after intonation training in the short and long term. This study will lead to new insights into the relationship between intonation and gender perception and makes an important contribution to the evidence for the use of intonation training.
Research Protocol An RCT will be used. Gender diverse individuals will be recruited through the Ghent University Hospital. Inclusion criteria are: diagnosis of gender dysphoria established by the multidisciplinary gender team, age between 18 and 60 years, normal hearing and Dutch mother tongue. Taking into account the expertise of the research group and the low-threshold recruitment through the gender clinic of UZ Gent, a total of n=20 participants is a very feasible number. Subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental (intonation training) or control group (receiving a placebo intervention). Randomization will be stratified by age group and baseline speaking fundamental frequency. The experimental group will receive 4 weeks (1h/week) of intonation training with a pre- and post-voice assessment and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive sham therapy at a similar duration and frequency, also with a pre- and post-measurement and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive 4 more weeks (1 hour/week) of intonation training with a post measurement (due to ethical reasons). The multidimensional speech assessments will be blinded and completed and well-defined training programs will be used. The primary outcome measures are: acoustic intonation parameters, gender perception by listeners and self-assessment and client satisfaction. Linear mixed models with post-hoc pairwise comparisons will be used to analyze the evolution of continuous data within and between groups. ICC models and Cohen's kappa will be used to analyze inter- and intra rater reliability.
- Conditions
- Gender Dysphoria
- Being tested
- Intonation training, Sham therapy + intonation training
- Keywords
- gender, gender perception, intonation, prosody, speech, gender diverse
- Medical subject headings
- Gender Dysphoria, Coitus, Speech
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Intonation trainingOther
The participants will receive intonation training (1h/week) for four weeks, aiming for more gender congruent intonation patterns.
Sham therapy + intonation trainingOther
The participants will first receive four weeks of sham therapy (with no expected effect on speech), during which information on voice functioning, voice surgery, voice hygiene, and transgender health care will be provided. In addition, during sham therapy, active intervention will be given around nonverbal communication. After four weeks of sham therapy, for ethical reasons, subjects in this group will also receive four weeks of intonation training (aiming for more gender congruent intonation patterns).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | * Speech training: 4 times 1 hour of intonation training for 4 weeks
* Standard voice assessment (voice recording, VAS, questionnaire(s)) (1 premeasurement and 2 postmeasurements) Receives: Other: Intonation training |
| Control group | Sham comparator | * Speech training: : 4 times 1 hour sham therapy (info sessions + active intervention non-verbal communication) during 4 weeks + 4 times 1 hour intonation training during 4 weeks
* Standard voice assessment (voice recording, VAS, questionnaire(s)) (1 premeasurement and 3 postmeasurements) Receives: Other: Sham therapy + intonation training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in general intonation shift (Hz and ERB)
The general intonation shift is the mean size of the general increase or decrease of the fundamental frequency during the utterance. For the calculation of this parameter, the first and last vowel of the sentence were selected and the fo of the vowels were determined. Subsequently, the general intonation shift was calculated as the difference between start and end fo. Based on the size of this difference, the general intonation shift was categorized as an upward, downward or flat intonation shift. A difference smaller than 1.570884399 ERB was considered as a flat intonation shift. Finally, the percentage of upward, downward and flat intonation shifts could be determined.
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
Change in final intonation shift (Hz and ERB)
The Final intonation shift indicates the average size of the upward or downward intonation shift at the end of the utterance. This parameter was calculated as the difference between the fo at the beginning of the final rise or drop and the fo at the end. The beginning was located on the last stressed vowel and the end of the final rise or drop was located on the last unstressed vowel. In case that the utterance ended with a stressed vowel, the intonation shift was derived from the difference in fo within this vowel.
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
Change in general pitch range (Hz and ERB)
This parameter was calculated as the difference between the minimum (5th percentile) and the maximum fo (95th percentile) of the utterance. For this calculation the "Intonantion and stress trajectory" script was used (Corthals, 2019a; Van Borsel, Vandaele, \& Corthals, 2013).
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
Change in pitch variation index (Hz/s and ERB/s)
This parameter was determined by the sum of the absolute value of all pitch changes during the utterance between percentile 5 and 95 divided by the total duration of the utterance. The pitch variation index reflects the size and speed of the intonation maneuvers. For this parameter the script "Intonation and stress trajectory" was used (Corthals, 2019a; Van Borsel, Vandaele, \& Corthals, 2013).
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
Gender perception of the voice
A listening experiment with femininity ratings using a visual analogue scale (VAS: very feminine - neutral - very masculine).
Measured: During a listening experiment (+/- 40 minutes).
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - VAS
Visual analoge scales investigating the client's satisfaction of the therapy and psychosocial functioning:
examples:
- My speech fits who I am (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree)
- How masculine/feminine do you sound while speaking? (very masculine - gender ambiguous (neutral) - very feminine)
- While speaking, there is a wide variation of my pitch. (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree) (3) I sound more feminine/male/neutral compared to before the training period. (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree)
- After the training period, my pitch range increased (I can produce higher and/or lower tones). (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree))
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - TWVQ
Trans Women Voice Questionnaire: 30 questions investigating trans women's experiences with their voice (1 = never or seldom; 2 = sometimes; 3 = often; 4 = usual or always). The score can range from 30 to 120. A lower score indicates higher satisfaction with the voice.
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - VHI
Voice Handicap Index: 30 questions investigating the impact of voice on the quality of life (0 = never; 1 = almost never; 2 = sometimes; 3 = almost always; 4 = always) . The score can range from 30 to 120. A lower score indicates higher satisfaction with the voice.
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Secondary outcomes (6)
Change in speech fundamental frequency (SFF)
median speech fundamental frequency (SFF)
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 1 (F1)
F1 of the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 2 (F2)
F2 of the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 3 (F3)
F3 of the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 4 (F4)
F4 of the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 5 (F5)
F5 of the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/
Measured: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Jan 2022
- Study start30 Mar 2022
- Primary completion31 Dec 2024
- Study completion31 Mar 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Gender DysphoriaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University GhentThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University Ghent
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Evelien D'haeseleer, Principal investigator, University Ghent
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05204732
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- BC-11303
- Acronym
- B6702021001262
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 19 Nov 2021
- Last updated
- 17 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acoustic and Perceptual Effects of Intonation Training in Gender Diverse People
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05204732
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- B6702021001262 / BC-11303
- Conditions
- Gender Dysphoria
- Keywords
- gender, gender perception, intonation, prosody, speech, gender diverse
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University GhentUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Mar 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Jan 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this project is to investigate the short- and the longer-term effect of intonation training on vocal characteristics, listener perceptions and patient related outcome measures (PROMS) in gender diverse people using a randomized sham-controlled trial.
Detailed description
Background and Problem Statement. Speech training in gender diverse individuals focuses on aspects of communication that strongly influence gender perception. Findings from the literature suggest that a listener's gender perception is determined not only by pitch, but also by other components such as intonation. However, the nature and extent of pitch changes required to alter gender perception are not known. In speech therapy, intonation training is frequently used for speech feminization. However, empirical evidence for this is lacking.
Research questions and/or hypotheses Thisresearch investigates the short- and long-term effects of intonation training on acoustic voice characteristics, gender perception and findings of gender-diverse individuals using a randomized sham-controlled trial (RCT). Based on findings from the literature, (a) gender-congruent values are expected for intonation parameters, in addition (b) assessments of gender that fit the gender identity of the person and (c) an improvement in self-assessment after intonation training in the short and long term. This study will lead to new insights into the relationship between intonation and gender perception and makes an important contribution to the evidence for the use of intonation training.
Research Protocol An RCT will be used. Gender diverse individuals will be recruited through the Ghent University Hospital. Inclusion criteria are: diagnosis of gender dysphoria established by the multidisciplinary gender team, age between 18 and 60 years, normal hearing and Dutch mother tongue. Taking into account the expertise of the research group and the low-threshold recruitment through the gender clinic of UZ Gent, a total of n=20 participants is a very feasible number. Subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental (intonation training) or control group (receiving a placebo intervention). Randomization will be stratified by age group and baseline speaking fundamental frequency. The experimental group will receive 4 weeks (1h/week) of intonation training with a pre- and post-voice assessment and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive sham therapy at a similar duration and frequency, also with a pre- and post-measurement and a follow-up assessment after 8 weeks. The control group will receive 4 more weeks (1 hour/week) of intonation training with a post measurement (due to ethical reasons). The multidimensional speech assessments will be blinded and completed and well-defined training programs will be used. The primary outcome measures are: acoustic intonation parameters, gender perception by listeners and self-assessment and client satisfaction. Linear mixed models with post-hoc pairwise comparisons will be used to analyze the evolution of continuous data within and between groups. ICC models and Cohen's kappa will be used to analyze inter- and intra rater reliability.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Other: Intonation training* Speech training: 4 times 1 hour of intonation training for 4 weeks * Standard voice assessment (voice recording, VAS, questionnaire(s)) (1 premeasurement and 2 postmeasurements) |
| Control group | Sham comparator | Other: Sham therapy + intonation training* Speech training: : 4 times 1 hour sham therapy (info sessions + active intervention non-verbal communication) during 4 weeks + 4 times 1 hour intonation training during 4 weeks * Standard voice assessment (voice recording, VAS, questionnaire(s)) (1 premeasurement and 3 postmeasurements) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Normal hearing (using ISO standard audiometry)
- Native Dutch speaker
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- A history of neurological disorders
- Previous phonosurgery or speech therapy
- Vocal pathology (using videolaryngostroboscopy)
- Smokers.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Intonation trainingThe participants will receive intonation training (1h/week) for four weeks, aiming for more gender congruent intonation patterns. | Other | Experimental group |
| Sham therapy + intonation trainingThe participants will first receive four weeks of sham therapy (with no expected effect on speech), during which information on voice functioning, voice surgery, voice hygiene, and transgender health care will be provided. In addition, during sham therapy, active intervention will be given around nonverbal communication. After four weeks of sham therapy, for ethical reasons, subjects in this group will also receive four weeks of intonation training (aiming for more gender congruent intonation patterns). | Other | Control group |
Primary outcome
Change in general intonation shift (Hz and ERB)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
The general intonation shift is the mean size of the general increase or decrease of the fundamental frequency during the utterance. For the calculation of this parameter, the first and last vowel of the sentence were selected and the fo of the vowels were determined. Subsequently, the general intonation shift was calculated as the difference between start and end fo. Based on the size of this difference, the general intonation shift was categorized as an upward, downward or flat intonation shift. A difference smaller than 1.570884399 ERB was considered as a flat intonation shift. Finally, the percentage of upward, downward and flat intonation shifts could be determined.
Change in final intonation shift (Hz and ERB)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
The Final intonation shift indicates the average size of the upward or downward intonation shift at the end of the utterance. This parameter was calculated as the difference between the fo at the beginning of the final rise or drop and the fo at the end. The beginning was located on the last stressed vowel and the end of the final rise or drop was located on the last unstressed vowel. In case that the utterance ended with a stressed vowel, the intonation shift was derived from the difference in fo within this vowel.
Change in general pitch range (Hz and ERB)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
This parameter was calculated as the difference between the minimum (5th percentile) and the maximum fo (95th percentile) of the utterance. For this calculation the "Intonantion and stress trajectory" script was used (Corthals, 2019a; Van Borsel, Vandaele, \& Corthals, 2013).
Change in pitch variation index (Hz/s and ERB/s)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)
This parameter was determined by the sum of the absolute value of all pitch changes during the utterance between percentile 5 and 95 divided by the total duration of the utterance. The pitch variation index reflects the size and speed of the intonation maneuvers. For this parameter the script "Intonation and stress trajectory" was used (Corthals, 2019a; Van Borsel, Vandaele, \& Corthals, 2013).
Gender perception of the voice
Time frame: During a listening experiment (+/- 40 minutes).
A listening experiment with femininity ratings using a visual analogue scale (VAS: very feminine - neutral - very masculine).
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - VAS
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Visual analoge scales investigating the client's satisfaction of the therapy and psychosocial functioning: examples: 1. My speech fits who I am (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree) 2. How masculine/feminine do you sound while speaking? (very masculine - gender ambiguous (neutral) - very feminine) 3. While speaking, there is a wide variation of my pitch. (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree) (3) I sound more feminine/male/neutral compared to before the training period. (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree) 4. After the training period, my pitch range increased (I can produce higher and/or lower tones). (don't agree at all - neutral - completely agree))
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - TWVQ
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Trans Women Voice Questionnaire: 30 questions investigating trans women's experiences with their voice (1 = never or seldom; 2 = sometimes; 3 = often; 4 = usual or always). The score can range from 30 to 120. A lower score indicates higher satisfaction with the voice.
Change in patient's satisfaction with their voice - VHI
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Voice Handicap Index: 30 questions investigating the impact of voice on the quality of life (0 = never; 1 = almost never; 2 = sometimes; 3 = almost always; 4 = always) . The score can range from 30 to 120. A lower score indicates higher satisfaction with the voice.
6 secondary outcomes
Change in speech fundamental frequency (SFF)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 1 (F1)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 2 (F2)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 3 (F3)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 4 (F4)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Change in formant frequency 5 (F5)
Time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 5 min.)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Apr 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Gender Dysphoria
Not yet recruiting
QAIAx - SGI/SI Smart Health Cities: Microcity Enclave Program (Quantum SI/AGI Agency a/k/a AI City Hall Project - UPSTO App Nos. 64/074,526, 64/063,557, 64/105,164, 63/903,181, 63/729,428, 64/125,360; USPTO EO 9424 Assignment ID: 2101042 / ARN: REEL/FRAME: 76481/0026 - OUSD-R&E, Department of War)
Asperger's Disorder, Asperger Disorder
RecruitingObservational study
Comparative Study of Gender Identity Disorder Versus Control
Gender Dysphoria, Adult
RecruitingObservational study
China Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy Study
Transgender, Gender Incongruence
RecruitingObservational study
GLOW: Gender-Affirming Care and Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study On Quality of Life, Work Life, and Healthcare Outcomes
Gender Dysphoria, Adult
RecruitingObservational study
Puberty, Testosterone, and Brain Development
Gender Identity, Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Evelien D'haeseleer principal investigator
University Ghent
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Intonation training in people with Gender Dysphoria, run by University Ghent at 1 site in Belgium.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Belgium. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in general intonation shift (Hz and ERB) (time frame: baseline (before treatment) - at the end of the treatment period (after 4 weeks) - 4 (and 8) weeks after the end of the treatment period (after 8 (and 12) weeks (each measurement +/- 20 min.)). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Apr 2025.