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Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeNCT04925518

Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO

A study testing Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation and Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in people with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Cardiogenic Shock, run by University of Zurich.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Mechanical ventilation and ECMO are both technologies interacting on gas exchange. Nevertheless, besides a consensus paper, no evidence-based guidelines regarding protective lung ventilation on ECMO exist to date. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation and Conventional Mechanical Ventilation
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
62 participants
Where
No sites listed yet
Study dates
6 Mar 2016to 23 May 2018
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO
  • Refractory Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome or Refractory Cardiogenic Shock

Who cannot join

  • Contraindications for ECMO
  • Contraindications for Closed Loop Ventilation
  • Rejection of participation

About this study

Official title: Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation Coupled to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in Therapy Refractory Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Cardiogenic Shock

Mechanical ventilation and ECMO are both technologies interacting on gas exchange. Nevertheless, besides a consensus paper, no evidence-based guidelines regarding protective lung ventilation on ECMO exist to date. Mechanical Ventilation with Intellivent-ASV, an algorithm driven, closed loop system, provides an opportunity to standardize ventilation on ECMO.

We propose and validate lung protective ventilation with a closed loop ventilation mode in patients with ECMO.

Read the detailed description

In critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit due to either acute respiratory failure or circulatory collapse, mechanical ventilation in combination with either extra-corporal lung assist (VV ECMO) or cardiac assist (VA ECMO) is increasingly used. Both mechanical ventilation and ECMO contribute to the control of gas exchange hence need to be adjusted accordingly.

As an assist device like a VV ECMO or a VA ECMO the control the gas exchange needs to be adjusted via sweep gas flow (ventilation), fraction of oxygen in the sweep gas (oxygenation, FsO2) and blood flow over the extracorporeal device. The combination of adaptive ventilation with ECMO is a novel concept allowing the control of oxygenation and ventilation by the adjustment of the ECMO device only.

Adaptive lung ventilation is a category of ventilation modes, which allow the control of oxygenation and ventilation with a closed loop. Using this type of ventilation modes one can control the gas exchange automatically. In terms of CO2-management they use a target minute volume to control end-tidal CO2 and adjust depending on the amount of spontaneously triggered breaths the respiratory rate and the inspiratory pressure support or solely the pressure support. In terms of O2-management according to the peripheral O2 saturation target the PEEP (lung recruitment) and the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) will be set. Both of these controllers depend on an accurate measurement of either end-tidal CO2 and peripheral O2 saturation, respectively.

There exist two recommendations how to ventilate patients with ARDS on an ECMO. First and foremost, the general guidelines of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) suggest for adults to target a FiO2 of less than 0.3 with a PEEP of 5 to 15 cmH2O and a plateau pressure of less than 25 cm H2O with a respiratory rate of 5 per minute. Whereas Richard et al. in their consensus conference report from 2014 suggest to minimize plateau pressure and PEEP not being specific in terms of numbers. Both guidelines have the goal of keeping the lung at rest concerning patients with ARDS. There are no specific suggestions on ventilation management in patients with heart failure on ECMO. Whether the lung has to be kept open (recruited and less prone to atelectrauma) or kept at rest (less prone to overdistension, either volu- or barotrauma) is at the moment unclear.

Concerning mechanical ventilation settings in patients with ARDS Serpa Neto and colleagues published in 2016 a meta-analysis of nine studies, which included around 550 patients receiving ECMO for refractory hypoxemia. They showed that in these patients driving pressure was associated with in-hospital survival (survivors had a driving pressure of 16.9 cmH2O and non-survivors of 19.4, p 0.004, adjusted HR 1.06 with a 95% CI of 1.03 - 1.10). This is consistent with the study of Amato et al where they showed a reduction of the multivariate relative risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with ARDS - without ECMO - with a driving pressure of less than 15 cmH2O.

The adaptive lung ventilation mode Intellivent-ASV+® has been shown to ventilate normal lungs, lungs with ARDS and COPD within the limits of safe ventilation recommended by the guidelines. Patients on Intellivent-ASV+® had tidal volumes (Vt) ≤ 8 ml/kg/BW, plateau pressure (Pplat) < 30 cmH2O and a driving pressure < 15 cmH2O. Compared to conventional ventilation, patients on Intellivent-ASV+® mode had higher PEEP and lower FiO2, suggesting better recruitment of the dependent part of the lung.

Combining mechanical ventilation using the Intellivent-ASV+® mode and ECMO offers a unique opportunity of having a mechanical ventilator which automatically adapts to lung mechanics and the contribution of ECMO supporting gas exchange.

The main objective of this research project is to propose and verify whether the ventilation mode Intellivent-ASV+® is capable to execute lung protective ventilation despite the presence of an ECMO altering gas exchange.

Being tested
Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation, Conventional Mechanical Ventilation
Keywords
ECMO, ECLS, Mechanical Ventilation, Lung Protective Ventilation, Closed Loop Ventilation
Medical subject headings
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Shock, Cardiogenic

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Closed Loop Mechanical VentilationDevice

    Also called Intellivent-ASV+®

    Closed loop ventilation mode (Intellivent-ASV+®). Intellivent-ASV+® was initiated by activating the controllers for minute volume, PEEP (range 5 to 18 cmH2O) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (range 21 to 100 %). The target shift ranges for CO2-management were set between -2.5 and +2.5 kPa, and for O2-management between -2 and +2 %.

  • Conventional Mechanical VentilationDevice

    Also called DuoPaP/ ASV

    Mechanical ventilation with a conventional mode, usually either biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation (DuoPAP®) or adaptive support ventilation (ASV®)

Study groups in NCT04925518
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Conventional Ventilation ModeActive comparatorPatients mechanically ventilated with a conventional mechanical ventilation mode until steady state is achieved for several hours.
Receives: Device: Conventional Mechanical Ventilation
Closed Loop Ventilation ModeExperimentalOnce steady state on the conventional mechanical ventilation mode is achieved for several hours, switch to closed loop ventilation mode for the remainder of the study period.
Receives: Device: Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in Tidal Volumes

    Assessment of tidal volumes over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

  2. Change in Driving Pressure

    Assessment of Driving Pressure over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

  3. Change in Peak Pressure

    Assessment of Peak Pressure over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

  4. Change in Mechanical Power

    Assessment of Mechanical Power over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

  5. Change in Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen

    Assessment of Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

  6. Change in Partial Pressure of Arterial CO2

    Assessment of Partial Pressure of Arterial CO2 over the initial 72 hours post switch to closed loop mechanical ventilation

    Measured: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted14 Jun 2021
  2. Study start6 Mar 2016
  3. Primary completion23 May 2018
  4. Study completion23 May 2018

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomised
Intervention model
Sequential
Model description
Patients are initially mechanically ventilated with a conventional mechanical ventilation mode after ECMO installation, once steady state on the conventional mode is achieved for several hours, switch to the closed loop ventilation mode.
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
62 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04925518
Sponsor's protocol ID
ECMO - IV
Status last verified
Jun 2021
First submitted
31 May 2021
Last updated
14 Jun 2021
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • ELSO Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Extracorporeal Life Support Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Version 1.4 August 2017 Ann Arbor, MI, USA

  • Richard C, Argaud L, Blet A, Boulain T, Contentin L, Dechartres A, Dejode JM, Donetti L, Fartoukh M, Fletcher D, Kuteifan K, Lasocki S, Liet JM, Lukaszewicz AC, Mal H, Maury E, Osman D, Outin H, Richard JC, Schneider F, Tamion F. Extracorporeal life support for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: report of a Consensus Conference. Ann Intensive Care. 2014 May 24;4:15. doi: 10.1186/2110-5820-4-15. eCollection 2014.

    PubMed 24936342
  • Pesenti A, Carlesso E, Langer T, Mauri T. Ventilation during extracorporeal support : Why and how. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2018 Feb;113(Suppl 1):26-30. doi: 10.1007/s00063-017-0384-8. Epub 2017 Nov 28.

    PubMed 29184987
  • Serpa Neto A, Schmidt M, Azevedo LC, Bein T, Brochard L, Beutel G, Combes A, Costa EL, Hodgson C, Lindskov C, Lubnow M, Lueck C, Michaels AJ, Paiva JA, Park M, Pesenti A, Pham T, Quintel M, Marco Ranieri V, Ried M, Roncon-Albuquerque R Jr, Slutsky AS, Takeda S, Terragni PP, Vejen M, Weber-Carstens S, Welte T, Gama de Abreu M, Pelosi P, Schultz MJ; ReVA Research Network and the PROVE Network Investigators. Associations between ventilator settings during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory hypoxemia and outcome in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled individual patient data analysis : Mechanical ventilation during ECMO. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Nov;42(11):1672-1684. doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4507-0. Epub 2016 Sep 1.

    PubMed 27586996
  • Amato MB, Meade MO, Slutsky AS, Brochard L, Costa EL, Schoenfeld DA, Stewart TE, Briel M, Talmor D, Mercat A, Richard JC, Carvalho CR, Brower RG. Driving pressure and survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 19;372(8):747-55. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa1410639.

    PubMed 25693014
  • Arnal JM, Wysocki M, Novotni D, Demory D, Lopez R, Donati S, Granier I, Corno G, Durand-Gasselin J. Safety and efficacy of a fully closed-loop control ventilation (IntelliVent-ASV(R)) in sedated ICU patients with acute respiratory failure: a prospective randomized crossover study. Intensive Care Med. 2012 May;38(5):781-7. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2548-6. Epub 2012 Mar 30.

    PubMed 22460854
  • Arnal JM, Garnero A, Novonti D, Demory D, Ducros L, Berric A, Donati S, Corno G, Jaber S, Durand-Gasselin J. Feasibility study on full closed-loop control ventilation (IntelliVent-ASV) in ICU patients with acute respiratory failure: a prospective observational comparative study. Crit Care. 2013 Sep 11;17(5):R196. doi: 10.1186/cc12890.

    PubMed 24025234

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation and Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in people with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Cardiogenic Shock, run by University of Zurich.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Jun 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Tidal Volumes (time frame: Mixed Model Assessment at baseline (conventional mode), 0 (switch to closed loop), 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04925518, which also lists 7 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Jun 2021.

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Closed Loop Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO | AzTrials