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Healing WoundNCT04467736

Wound Healing with Hyaluronic Acid After Alveolar Ridge Preservation

A study testing Gengigel Forte© in people with Healing Wound, run by University Hospital, Ghent at 1 site in Belgium.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

After tooth extraction, shrinkage of the bone is expected after 6 months. These changes may hamper dental implant placement and compromise soft tissue aesthetics. Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP) includes application of bovine-derived deproteinized bone particles in the extraction site. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Healing Wound
What is being tested?
Gengigel Forte©
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
38 participants
Where
1 siteBelgium
Study dates
1 Aug 2020to 24 Jan 2022
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • At least 18 years old;
  • Good oral hygiene defined as a full-mouth plaque score ≤25%;
  • One or two neighboring teeth;
  • Need for ARP after tooth extraction with >50% buccal bone still present

Who cannot join

  • Systemic diseases;
  • Smoking;
  • (History) of periodontal disease;
  • Untreated caries lesions

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Belgium1 site

  • University Hospital

    Ghent, 9000

Other trials in Belgium

About this study

Official title: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Hyaluronic Acid As a Wound Healing Agent Following Alveolar Ridge Preservation

After tooth extraction, shrinkage of the bone is expected after 6 months. These changes may hamper dental implant placement and compromise soft tissue aesthetics. Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP) includes application of bovine-derived deproteinized bone particles in the extraction site. This technique is widely performed and drastically limits aforementioned volumetric changes.

The amount of bone preservation following ARP is affected by the soft tissue barrier. In an open healing situation, it takes about 4 weeks to have complete soft tissue closure. Faster soft tissue closure could optimize the amount of bone preservation with obvious benefits for implant placement and aesthetics.

Recent presentations showed the application of hyaluronic acid after ARP. However, no evidence can be found in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing potential of hyaluronic acid following ARP, as this has never been performed, yet seems promising from a biological point of view.

Read the detailed description

Aim:

This study aims to evaluate the wound healing potential of hyaluronic acid (HA) following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), as this has never been performed, yet seems promising from a biological point of view.

Sample size calculation:

A sample size calculation using a two-sample pooled t-test was performed in SAS Power and Sample Size based on a comparison of mean overall wound reduction from baseline to 21 days between the control and test group. The calculation was based on finding a mean difference of 20% between these groups with a standard deviation of 21.6 for the control and 21.6 for the test group. A pilot study was executed to obtain these findings as no other data are available. With alpha set at 0.05 and a power of 0.08, the sample size calculation indicated 19 patients to be included per group. To compensate for drop-outs, 25 would be treated with hyaluronic acid and 25 would be treated without.

Clinicians and centers, randomization, allocation concealment and blinding:

3 clinicians linked to the Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology at UGent - UZ Gent will treat a total of 50 patients. Each clinician will treat at least 10 patients. Patients will be randomly allocated to the 'test group (Hyaluronic acid)' or the 'control group (No hyaluronic acid). An equal number of sealed envelopes will be prepared internally labelled as 'test group' or 'control group'. Just after ARP, a sealed envelope will be randomly selected and opened to reveal further treatment. In case the test group comes out, instructions for the daily application of HA (Gengigel Forte©) will be given. HA will be administered by the patient 3 times per day during 7 days.

The measuring investigator will not be involved in the treatment of any of the patients and will be blinded to allow unbiased registrations.

Surgical procedure:

After screening and having obtained informed consent by the patient, the tooth is extracted and ARP is performed by placing collagen-enriched deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM, Bio-Oss collagen 100 mg or 250 mg, Geistlich Biomaterials, Switserland) in the alveolar socket. Subsequently, a collagen matrix (Mucograft seal, Geistlich Biomaterials, Switserland), is sutured on top to protect the underlying DBBM. At the end of the surgical procedure, the sealed envelope is opened to reveal the allocated treatment and instructions to the patients are given (application of Gengigel Forte© 3 times per day during 7 days).

Intra-surgical registrations:

Intra-surgically, the dimensions of the buccal bone plate will be registered. Papillae are analyzed if they were detached from the bone mesial and distal during extraction. Subsequently, the size of the Mucograft seal (Geistlich Biomaterials, Switserland) is measured. Immediately after ARP, a conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) of the alveolar bone is taken and an intra-oral scan of the soft tissues is performed (for study purposes). Afterwards, an occlusal clinical photograph is taken. The wound dimension is registered by measuring the maximum mesio-distal and bucco-oral dimension of the wound with a periodontal probe to the nearest 0.5 mm (for study purposes).

One-week post-surgery:

One week after ARP, patient's compliance concerning the application of HA 3 times a day is evaluated, as well as the number of painkillers taken. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be filled out by patients to register pain, swelling and bleeding after surgery. (for study purposes) Furthermore, a socket wound healing scoring (SWHS, is given to each extraction wound and another occlusal photograph is taken at the end of the consultation. To evaluate the soft tissue closure, the maximum mesio-distal and bucco-oral dimension of the remaining wound is measured with a periodontal probe to the nearest 0.5 mm. (for study purposes)

Wound closure after 21 days:

Three weeks post-surgery, the maximum mesio-distal and bucco-oral dimension of the remaining wound is measured with a periodontal probe to the nearest 0.5 mm. For each aspect (mesio-distal and bucco-oral) the percentage wound reduction is calculated as follows:

100 - ((Maximum wound dimension after 21 days * 100) / maximum wound dimension immediately after ARP)

The overall wound reduction is calculated as follows:

(Wound reduction at the mesio-distal aspect + wound reduction at the bucco-oral aspect) / 2

SWHS is determined for each wound. Finally, an occlusal clinical photograph is taken.

4 months after surgery: An occlusal photograph is taken to analyze mucosal scarring using the Mucosal Scarring Index (MSI, for study purposes). A second CBCT is made to measure dimensional changes of the alveolar process. A second intra-oral scan is made to measure dimensional changes in buccal soft tissue profile. (standard of care)

Data analysis:

Depending on the distribution of the data, an independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test will be performed on the following parameters:

  • Wound reduction after 21 days (primary outcome)
  • VAS swelling
  • VAS pain
  • Number of painkillers consumed
  • Socket Wound healing score
  • Mucosal scarring index
  • Dimensional changes in the buccal soft tissue profile
  • Dimensional changes of the alveolar process

For the following categorical variables, a Fisher's exact will be performed:

  • Compliance
  • Bleeding
Conditions
Healing Wound
Being tested
Gengigel Forte©
Keywords
Alveolar ridge preservation, Hyaluronic acid, Wound healing

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Gengigel Forte©Device

    Gengigel (hyaluronic acid) will be administered by the patient 3 times per day during 7 days following alveolar ridge preservation

Study groups in NCT04467736
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
ControlNo interventionNo further treatment after alveolar ridge preservation
TestActive comparatorIn case the test group comes out, instructions for the daily application of hyaluronic acid (Gengigel Forte©) will be given. Hyaluronic acid will be administered by the patient 3 times per day during 7 days.
Receives: Device: Gengigel Forte©

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Wound reduction

    performed by measuring the maximum mesio-distal and bucco-oral dimension of the wound immediately after ARP and after 21 days

    Measured: Week 3 after ARP

Secondary outcomes (9)

  1. Compliance

    patients will be asked if they applied HA 3 times a day as prescribed? Protocol violations will be recorded to see if they have an impact on the outcome (fully compliant patients versus weakly compliant patients).

    Measured: Week 1

  2. Number of painkillers consumed

    Measured: Week 1

  3. VAS pain

    Visual Analogue Scale for pain: the patient has to indicate the intensity of pain perception during the first week after surgery on a 10 cm line

    Measured: Week 1

  4. VAS swelling

    Visual Analogue Scale for swelling: the patient has to indicate the amount of swelling perception during the first week after surgery on a 10 cm line

    Measured: Week 1

  5. Bleeding

    Patients will be asked if they experienced post-operative bleeding

    Measured: Week 1

  6. Socket wound healing score

    This index will be used to assess wound dehiscence, epithelialization, quality of granulation tissue filling the post-extraction socket, and depth between early granulation tissue and wound margin.

    Assessments will be performed at performed at 7 and 21 days following surgery using a blunt periodontal probe with millimetric markers and scored as a number between 0 (best) and 4 (worst). In contrast to the study from (Afat et al., 2018), this study will not probe inside the healing wound.

    Measured: Week 1 and 3

  7. Mucosal scarring index

    The MSI is a composite index based on five parameters: width, height/contour, color, suture marks, and overall appearance. Each parameter is assessed with a 0-1-2 score, yielding an MSI score ranging from 0 (no scar) to 10 (most extreme scar)

    Measured: 4 months

  8. Dimensional changes in the buccal soft tissue profile

    Immediately after surgery and at 4 months an intra-oral optical scan of the implant site and neighboring teeth will be taken (Trios, 3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). The region of interest (ROI) will be defined on the 4-month STL files with a trapezoid shape encompassing the following borders (fig. 2): 0.5 mm apical to the midfacial soft tissue level (coronal), 4 mm apical and parallel to the first line (apical), mesial and distal line angle. This ROI may vary between patients due to anatomical variation but will be kept constant in each patient and site over time. The STL images of baseline and follow-up will be superimposed and matched using the best-fit algorithm at the adjacent tooth surfaces. The linear changes in BSP will be calculated by the software and expressed in mm corresponding to the mean distance between the surfaces representing the evaluated time points.

    Measured: At time of surgery and at 4 months

  9. Dimensional changes of the alveolar process

    Comparing CBCT-scan after surgery and after 4 months. First, a line parallel and perpendicular to the tooth axis is drawn. Hereby, bone dimensions can be measured at different vertical heights on the alveolar process. The level of the palatal bone crest at T0 is used as a reference line (level 0). The horizontal dimension of the process is registered at 1, 3, and 5 mm apical to the reference line (level -1, -3, and -5). After performing all measurements on the baseline CBCT (T0), the software will be switched to the superimposed image (T1) so that the measurements can be performed while using the same reference levels

    Measured: Immediately after surgery and at 4 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted13 Jul 2020
  2. Study start1 Aug 2020
  3. Primary completion30 Jun 2021
  4. Study completion24 Jan 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Randomized clinical trial
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Care provider, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
38 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04467736
Sponsor's protocol ID
BC-07718
Status last verified
Sep 2024
First submitted
8 Jul 2020
Last updated
19 Sep 2024
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Afat IM, Akdogan ET, Gonul O. Effects of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Alone and Combined With Hyaluronic Acid on Pain, Edema, and Trismus After Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 May;76(5):926-932. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 13.

    PubMed 29304325

  • Afat IM, Akdogan ET, Gonul O. Effects of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin alone and combined with hyaluronic acid on early soft tissue healing after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars: A prospective clinical study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2019 Feb;47(2):280-286. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.11.023. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

    PubMed 30579747

  • Cosyn J, Cleymaet R, De Bruyn H. Predictors of Alveolar Process Remodeling Following Ridge Preservation in High-Risk Patients. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2016 Apr;18(2):226-33. doi: 10.1111/cid.12249. Epub 2014 Jul 17.

    PubMed 25041378

  • Eskandarinia A, Kefayat A, Gharakhloo M, Agheb M, Khodabakhshi D, Khorshidi M, Sheikhmoradi V, Rafienia M, Salehi H. A propolis enriched polyurethane-hyaluronic acid nanofibrous wound dressing with remarkable antibacterial and wound healing activities. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Apr 15;149:467-476. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.255. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

    PubMed 32001284

  • Hammerle CH, Araujo MG, Simion M; Osteology Consensus Group 2011. Evidence-based knowledge on the biology and treatment of extraction sockets. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Feb;23 Suppl 5:80-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02370.x.

    PubMed 22211307

  • Litwiniuk M, Krejner A, Speyrer MS, Gauto AR, Grzela T. Hyaluronic Acid in Inflammation and Tissue Regeneration. Wounds. 2016 Mar;28(3):78-88.

    PubMed 26978861

  • Neuman MG, Nanau RM, Oruna-Sanchez L, Coto G. Hyaluronic acid and wound healing. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2015;18(1):53-60. doi: 10.18433/j3k89d.

    PubMed 25877441

  • Seyssens L, Eghbali A, Christiaens V, De Bruyckere T, Doornewaard R, Cosyn J. A one-year prospective study on alveolar ridge preservation using collagen-enriched deproteinized bovine bone mineral and saddle connective tissue graft: A cone beam computed tomography analysis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2019 Oct;21(5):853-861. doi: 10.1111/cid.12843. Epub 2019 Aug 28.

    PubMed 31456345

  • Tan WL, Wong TL, Wong MC, Lang NP. A systematic review of post-extractional alveolar hard and soft tissue dimensional changes in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Feb;23 Suppl 5:1-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02375.x.

    PubMed 22211303

  • Van der Weijden F, Dell'Acqua F, Slot DE. Alveolar bone dimensional changes of post-extraction sockets in humans: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Dec;36(12):1048-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01482.x.

    PubMed 19929956

  • Wessels R, De Roose S, De Bruyckere T, Eghbali A, Jacquet W, De Rouck T, Cosyn J. The Mucosal Scarring Index: reliability of a new composite index for assessing scarring following oral surgery. Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Mar;23(3):1209-1215. doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2535-6. Epub 2018 Jul 3.

    PubMed 29971512

  • Yildirim S, Ozener HO, Dogan B, Kuru B. Effect of topically applied hyaluronic acid on pain and palatal epithelial wound healing: An examiner-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2018 Jan;89(1):36-45. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.170105.

    PubMed 28914592

  • Zeltner M, Jung RE, Hammerle CH, Husler J, Thoma DS. Randomized controlled clinical study comparing a volume-stable collagen matrix to autogenous connective tissue grafts for soft tissue augmentation at implant sites: linear volumetric soft tissue changes up to 3 months. J Clin Periodontol. 2017 Apr;44(4):446-453. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12697. Epub 2017 Feb 11.

    PubMed 28107560

  • Eeckhout C, Ackerman J, Glibert M, Cosyn J. A randomized controlled trial evaluating hyaluronic acid gel as wound healing agent in alveolar ridge preservation. J Clin Periodontol. 2022 Mar;49(3):280-291. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13589. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

    PubMed 34961942

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Gengigel Forte© in people with Healing Wound, run by University Hospital, Ghent at 1 site in Belgium.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Sep 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Belgium. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Wound reduction (time frame: Week 3 after ARP). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04467736, which also lists 14 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Sep 2024.

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