Comparison of Transanal Irrigation and Glycerol Suppositories in Treatment of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome

MYMOP2 is a validated problem-specific, patient-generated questionnaire. Patients are asked to specify one or two symptoms that concern them the most. Subsequently they evaluate the severity on a 7-point Likert scale. The second part of the questionnaire uses the same scale to assess whether the symptom limits or prevent any daily activity, and also to rate general well-being. Follow-up questionnaires address the original issues completed in the initial form. Symptom 1, symptom 2, activity, and wellbeing each have a separate score between 0 and 6 with 0 indicating "as good as it could be" and 6 "as bad as it could be". An overall score is calculated by taking the average of item scores.

MYMOP2 is a validated problem-specific, patient-generated questionnaire. Patients are asked to specify one or two symptoms that concern them the most. Subsequently they evaluate the severity on a 7-point Likert scale. The second part of the questionnaire uses the same scale to assess whether the symptom limits or prevent any daily activity, and also to rate general well-being. Follow-up questionnaires address the original issues completed in the initial form. Symptom 1, symptom 2, activity, and wellbeing each have a separate score between 0 and 6 with 0 indicating "as good as it could be" and 6 "as bad as it could be". An overall score is calculated by taking the average of item scores.

MYMOP2 is a validated problem-specific, patient-generated questionnaire. Patients are asked to specify one or two symptoms that concern them the most. Subsequently they evaluate the severity on a 7-point Likert scale. The second part of the questionnaire uses the same scale to assess whether the symptom limits or prevent any daily activity, and also to rate general well-being. Follow-up questionnaires address the original issues completed in the initial form. Symptom 1, symptom 2, activity, and wellbeing each have a separate score between 0 and 6 with 0 indicating "as good as it could be" and 6 "as bad as it could be". An overall score is calculated by taking the average of item scores.

The LARS score is a validated questionnaire for evaluation of bowel function after sphincter-preserving surgery. It covers five LARS symptoms including: incontinence for flatus, incontinence for liquid stools, frequency (number of daily bowel movements), clustering, and urgency. The scores from each five answers are added to one final score. The score ranges from 0-42 with 0 indicating the best score and 42 the worst. Based on the score patients are stratified into: 0-20: No LARS, 21-29: Minor LARS, 30-42: Major LARS.

The MSKCC BFI score is a validated questionnaire for evaluation of bowel function after sphincter-preserving surgery. It comprises 18 items covering the frequency of various LARS symptoms and is divided into three sub-scales and four single items. It is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "always" to "never". The sub-scales scores are summarised as: A 6-item frequency sub-scale (6-30), a four-item dietary sub-scale (4-20), and a four-item urgency sub-scale (4-20). A global score can be calculated as the sum of the sub-scale scores. A total score (possible score range 18-90) can be calculated by adding all the item scores (sub-scale scores plus single item scores). A higher score indicates better bowel function.

Journl A/S has developed an application for evaluation of bowel function. The participants can enter real-time data into the application and data will be stored in a backend allowing calculations of frequencies and averages on these parameters during weeks 3-4, 6-8, and 11-12 in the study period.

The St. Mark's Incontinence score is a validated questionnaire for evaluation of fecal incontinence. It covers the frequency of three types of fecal incontinence: Solid, liquid, and gas and the consequences: Pad wearing or usage of a plug, and lifestyle alteration. Furthermore, it incorporates: urgency and the need for antidiarrheal drugs. For each item of fecal incontinence and lifestyle alterations the frequency option ranges from never (score 0) to daily (score 4). The rest of the items are scored as follows: Urgency: No (score 0) or yes (score 4), antidiarrheal drugs: No (score 0) or yes (score 2), pad wearing: No (score 0) or yes (score 2). The total score is the sum of each item. The minimum score is 0 = no incontinence and maximum score is 24 = totally incontinent.

The ICIQ-FLUTS questionnaire is validated for evaluating female lower urinary tract symptoms. It consists of 12 items which are all scores from 0-4 and the overall score ranges from 0-48. A higher score indicates a worse condition. A filling sub-scale (0-16), a voiding sub-scale (0-12), and an incontinence symptoms sub-scale can be calculated (0-20).

The ICIQ-MLUTS questionnaire is validated for evaluating male lower urinary tract symptoms. It consists of 13 items which are all scores from 0-4 and the overall score ranges from 0-52. A higher score indicates a worse condition. A voiding sub-scale (0-20) and an incontinence symptoms sub-scale (0-24) can be calculated.

The Rectal Cancer Female Sexuality Score is a validated questionnaire for assessment of sexuality after treatment for rectal cancer. The score includes 7 items and ranges from 0-29. A score >= 9 indicates sexual dysfunction.

The 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) Questionnaire is a 5-question validated questionnaire for assessment of erectile dysfunction (ED). The possible scores range from 5-25 and the severity of ED is classified into five categories stratified by score: 22-25 (no ED), 17-21 (mild), 12-16 (mild to moderate), 8-11(moderate), 5-7 (severe).

The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) developed and validated a 30-item core questionnaire (QLQ-C30) reflecting global QoL in cancer patients. QLQ-C30 comprises five functional scales, three symptom scales, a global health scale/ a quality of life scale, and six single items. All the scales and single item measures range in score from 0-100. A high score represents a higher level of functioning, a high quality of life, and a greater degree of symptoms.

QLQ-CR29 is developed by The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). It is a validated supplement to the QLQ-C30 specifically designed for assessment of quality of life in colorectal cancer patients. QLQ-CR29 consists of four functional scales and eighteen single items. All the scales range from 0-100. A high score represents a higher level of functioning and a greater degree of symptoms.

Journl A/S has developed an application for evaluation of bowel function and impact on quality of life and activity. The participants can enter real-time data into the application and data will be stored in a backend allowing daily evaluation of quality of life and activity during weeks 3-4, 6-8, and 11-12 in the study period.

The EQ-5D-5L is a standardised measure of health status developed by the EuroQoL Group. It consists of a descriptive system and a EQ Visual Analogue scale. Each dimension in the descriptive system has five levels: No problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems. Each dimension is referred to in terms of a 5-digit code. The EQ Visual Analogue scale records the respondent's self-rated health on a vertical scale ranging from 0-100 where the endpoints are labelled "best imaginable" (100) and "worst imaginable" (0). The EQ-5D-5L can be converted into an index value which facilitates the calculation of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) that are used in economic evaluations of health care interventions.

The ICECAP-5 is a validated questionnaire for measure of capability for the general adult population for use in economic evaluation. It covers: attachment, stability, achievement, enjoyment, and autonomy. Each item is scored from 1-4 with 4 indicating the best capability and 1 the worst. A total score can be calculated ranging from 5-20. Furthermore, a weighted score can be calculated.