Type1diabetesDIAPPNCT03396146
Assay for the Pancreatic Polypeptide: an Help for Clinical Practice Guidelines in Classification of the Diabetes
A study testing 12 ml total blood tubes volume and Fecal sample in people with Type1diabetes, run by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate global endocrine function within type 1 and type 3c diabetic patients, helping pancreatic polypeptide measurement. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Type1diabetes
- What is being tested?
- 12 ml total blood tubes volume and Fecal sample
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 14 Jun 2018to 18 Dec 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients aged 18 years or older
- Patients with type 1 diabetes with anti-GAD and / or IA2 and / or Znt8 positive antibodies, or characteristic clinical history, with and without exocrine deficiency (*)
- Patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis or cystic fibrosis origin (type 3c diabetes), complicated with diabetes defined by HbA1c> 6.5% or treated with oral anti-diabetic and / or insulin
- Patients who have given informed and written consent to participate in research
- Patients affiliated to a social security scheme (*): The exocrine deficiency is defined by an assay of fecal elastase:
- without deficit of exocrine function = fecal elastase = /> 100 μg / g
- with deficit of exocrine function = fecal elastase <100 μg / g
Who cannot join
- Pregnancy
- Severe renal impairment (eDFG <45 mL / min / 1.73 m²)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The purpose of this study is to evaluate global endocrine function within type 1 and type 3c diabetic patients, helping pancreatic polypeptide measurement.
Read the detailed description
All diabetes are the result of endrocrine deficiency. The endocrine deficiency may be absolute, as in type 1 diabetes, considered as an elective and exclusive attack of pancreatic Beta cell, or it could be relative, as un type 2 diabetes.
More rarely, diabetes fit into a broader context of pancreatic failure, with diffuse involvement of the exocrine and endocrine function, suggesting an impairment of the whole endocrine secretion of the pancreas, affecting the entire islet of Langerhans, such as in type 3c diabetes, whose prototypes are total pancreatectomy, chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis.
The diagnostic of type 3c diabetes is not always obvious, with several clinical presentations, without biological specific disease tag. Moreover, it also appears that the common form of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, may be associated with an exocrine function deficit and with a decrease of the pancreatic volume correlated with exocrine function abnormalities, and a decrease of insulin secretion capacity. The consequences of a spread of the disease beyond the Beta cells remain uncertain, but they could be linked, as in type 3c diabetes, with severe form of hypoglycaemia, due to glucagon deficiency, or nutritional deficiency due to the exocrine deficiency.
The pancreatic polypeptide belongs to the neuropeptide Y family, it is produced by the endocrine pancreatic F cells, located in the hook and the head of the pancreas. Food intake stimulates its secretion. The role of the pancreatic polypeptide in human is uncertain.
Investigators propose to study the pancreatic polypeptide in type 1 and type 3c diabetes before and after a mixed meal in order to study the other endocrine functions of the islet of Langerhans, to evaluate the possibility, or not, of a more diffuse pancreatic involvement in type 1 diabetes, considered as an elective pathology of the pancreatic Beta cell.
- Conditions
- Type1diabetes
- Being tested
- 12 ml total blood tubes volume, Fecal sample
- Keywords
- Pancreatic polypeptide, Type 1 diabetes, Chronic pancreatitis
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Pancreatitis, Chronic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
12 ml total blood tubes volumeOther
12 ml total blood tubes at 0, +60, + 90, + 120 minutes before and after a mixed meal
Fecal sampleOther
Fecal sample at inclusion
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Type1diabetes with exocrine pancreatic function insufficiency | Experimental | 12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample Receives: Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume; Other: Fecal sample |
| Type1diabetes without exocrine pancreatic function insuficienc | Experimental | 12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample Receives: Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume; Other: Fecal sample |
| Type 3c diabetes | Active comparator | 12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample Receives: Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume; Other: Fecal sample |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Measurement of pancreatic polypeptide for calculating the area under the curve
physiological parameters
Measured: 1 day
Secondary outcomes (2)
Measurement of C-peptide levels
physiological parameters
Measured: 1 day
Measurement of fecal elastase level
physiological parameters
Measured: at inclusion
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jan 2018
- Study start14 Jun 2018
- Primary completion18 Dec 2019
- Study completion18 Dec 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (29)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Type1diabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Cochin Hospital's Hormonology Laboratory, URC-CIC Paris Descartes Necker Cochin
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Etienne LARGER, MD, PhD, Study chair, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03396146
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- K160403J
- Other IDs
- 2017-A00612-51
- Acronym
- DIAPP
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Nov 2017
- Last updated
- 15 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Larger E, Philippe MF, Barbot-Trystram L, Radu A, Rotariu M, Nobecourt E, Boitard C. Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes. Diabet Med. 2012 Aug;29(8):1047-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03597.x.
PubMed 22273174Philippe MF, Benabadji S, Barbot-Trystram L, Vadrot D, Boitard C, Larger E. Pancreatic volume and endocrine and exocrine functions in patients with diabetes. Pancreas. 2011 Apr;40(3):359-63. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e3182072032.
PubMed 21283038Rickels MR, Bellin M, Toledo FG, Robertson RP, Andersen DK, Chari ST, Brand R, Frulloni L, Anderson MA, Whitcomb DC; PancreasFest Recommendation Conference Participants. Detection, evaluation and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis: recommendations from PancreasFest 2012. Pancreatology. 2013 Jul-Aug;13(4):336-42. doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 May 17.
PubMed 23890130Khandekar N, Berning BA, Sainsbury A, Lin S. The role of pancreatic polypeptide in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2015 Dec 15;418 Pt 1:33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.028. Epub 2015 Jun 27.
PubMed 26123585Hennig R, Kekis PB, Friess H, Adrian TE, Buchler MW. Pancreatic polypeptide in pancreatitis. Peptides. 2002 Feb;23(2):331-8. doi: 10.1016/s0196-9781(01)00605-2.
PubMed 11825647Wang X, Zielinski MC, Misawa R, Wen P, Wang TY, Wang CZ, Witkowski P, Hara M. Quantitative analysis of pancreatic polypeptide cell distribution in the human pancreas. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e55501. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055501. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
PubMed 23383206Simonian HP, Kresge KM, Boden GH, Parkman HP. Differential effects of sham feeding and meal ingestion on ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide levels: evidence for vagal efferent stimulation mediating ghrelin release. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005 Jun;17(3):348-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2004.00634.x.
PubMed 15916622Veedfald S, Plamboeck A, Hartmann B, Svendsen LB, Vilsboll T, Knop FK, Holst JJ. Pancreatic polypeptide responses to isoglycemic oral and intravenous glucose in humans with and without intact vagal innervation. Peptides. 2015 Sep;71:229-31. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.020. Epub 2015 Jul 26.
PubMed 26218807Batterham RL, Le Roux CW, Cohen MA, Park AJ, Ellis SM, Patterson M, Frost GS, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR. Pancreatic polypeptide reduces appetite and food intake in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Aug;88(8):3989-92. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030630.
PubMed 12915697Brunicardi FC, Chaiken RL, Ryan AS, Seymour NE, Hoffmann JA, Lebovitz HE, Chance RE, Gingerich RL, Andersen DK, Elahi D. Pancreatic polypeptide administration improves abnormal glucose metabolism in patients with chronic pancreatitis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Oct;81(10):3566-72. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.10.8855802.
PubMed 8855802Rabiee A, Galiatsatos P, Salas-Carrillo R, Thompson MJ, Andersen DK, Elahi D. Pancreatic polypeptide administration enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces the insulin requirement of patients on insulin pump therapy. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2011 Nov 1;5(6):1521-8. doi: 10.1177/193229681100500629.
PubMed 22226275Henquin JC, Rahier J. Pancreatic alpha cell mass in European subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2011 Jul;54(7):1720-5. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2118-4. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
PubMed 21465328Diedisheim M, Mallone R, Boitard C, Larger E. beta-cell Mass in Nondiabetic Autoantibody-Positive Subjects: An Analysis Based on the Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors Database. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Apr;101(4):1390-7. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3756. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
PubMed 26829442Gerich JE, Langlois M, Noacco C, Karam JH, Forsham PH. Lack of glucagon response to hypoglycemia in diabetes: evidence for an intrinsic pancreatic alpha cell defect. Science. 1973 Oct 12;182(4108):171-3. doi: 10.1126/science.182.4108.171.
PubMed 4581053Lund A, Bagger JI, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Christensen M, Grondahl M, Hartmann B, Mathiesen ER, Hansen CP, Storkholm JH, van Hall G, Rehfeld JF, Hornburg D, Meissner F, Mann M, Larsen S, Holst JJ, Vilsboll T, Knop FK. Evidence of Extrapancreatic Glucagon Secretion in Man. Diabetes. 2016 Mar;65(3):585-97. doi: 10.2337/db15-1541. Epub 2015 Dec 15.
PubMed 26672094
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Assay for the Pancreatic Polypeptide: an Help for Clinical Practice Guidelines in Classification of the Diabetes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03396146
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DIAPP / K160403J
- Conditions
- Type1diabetes
- Keywords
- Pancreatic polypeptide, Type 1 diabetes, Chronic pancreatitis
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de ParisUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Cochin Hospital's Hormonology Laboratory, URC-CIC Paris Descartes Necker Cochin
- Study start
- 14 Jun 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 18 Dec 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Jan 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate global endocrine function within type 1 and type 3c diabetic patients, helping pancreatic polypeptide measurement.
Detailed description
All diabetes are the result of endrocrine deficiency. The endocrine deficiency may be absolute, as in type 1 diabetes, considered as an elective and exclusive attack of pancreatic Beta cell, or it could be relative, as un type 2 diabetes.
More rarely, diabetes fit into a broader context of pancreatic failure, with diffuse involvement of the exocrine and endocrine function, suggesting an impairment of the whole endocrine secretion of the pancreas, affecting the entire islet of Langerhans, such as in type 3c diabetes, whose prototypes are total pancreatectomy, chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis.
The diagnostic of type 3c diabetes is not always obvious, with several clinical presentations, without biological specific disease tag. Moreover, it also appears that the common form of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, may be associated with an exocrine function deficit and with a decrease of the pancreatic volume correlated with exocrine function abnormalities, and a decrease of insulin secretion capacity. The consequences of a spread of the disease beyond the Beta cells remain uncertain, but they could be linked, as in type 3c diabetes, with severe form of hypoglycaemia, due to glucagon deficiency, or nutritional deficiency due to the exocrine deficiency.
The pancreatic polypeptide belongs to the neuropeptide Y family, it is produced by the endocrine pancreatic F cells, located in the hook and the head of the pancreas. Food intake stimulates its secretion. The role of the pancreatic polypeptide in human is uncertain.
Investigators propose to study the pancreatic polypeptide in type 1 and type 3c diabetes before and after a mixed meal in order to study the other endocrine functions of the islet of Langerhans, to evaluate the possibility, or not, of a more diffuse pancreatic involvement in type 1 diabetes, considered as an elective pathology of the pancreatic Beta cell.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Type1diabetes with exocrine pancreatic function insufficiency | Experimental | Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume, Other: Fecal sample12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample |
| Type1diabetes without exocrine pancreatic function insuficienc | Experimental | Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume, Other: Fecal sample12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample |
| Type 3c diabetes | Active comparator | Other: 12 ml total blood tubes volume, Other: Fecal sample12 ml total blood tubes volume Fecal sample |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients aged 18 years or older
- Patients with type 1 diabetes with anti-GAD and / or IA2 and / or Znt8 positive antibodies, or characteristic clinical history, with and without exocrine deficiency (*)
- Patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis or cystic fibrosis origin (type 3c diabetes), complicated with diabetes defined by HbA1c> 6.5% or treated with oral anti-diabetic and / or insulin
- Patients who have given informed and written consent to participate in research
- Patients affiliated to a social security scheme (*): The exocrine deficiency is defined by an assay of fecal elastase:
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Pregnancy
- Severe renal impairment (eDFG <45 mL / min / 1.73 m²)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| 12 ml total blood tubes volume12 ml total blood tubes at 0, +60, + 90, + 120 minutes before and after a mixed meal | Other | Type 3c diabetes, Type1diabetes with exocrine pancreatic function insufficiency, Type1diabetes without exocrine pancreatic function insuficienc |
| Fecal sampleFecal sample at inclusion | Other | Type 3c diabetes, Type1diabetes with exocrine pancreatic function insufficiency, Type1diabetes without exocrine pancreatic function insuficienc |
Primary outcome
Measurement of pancreatic polypeptide for calculating the area under the curve
Time frame: 1 day
physiological parameters
2 secondary outcomes
Measurement of C-peptide levels
Time frame: 1 day
Measurement of fecal elastase level
Time frame: at inclusion
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jan 2026.
- Background: PubMed 22273174Larger E, Philippe MF, Barbot-Trystram L, Radu A, Rotariu M, Nobecourt E, Boitard C. Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes. Diabet Med. 2012 Aug;29(8):1047-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03597.x.
- Background: PubMed 21283038Philippe MF, Benabadji S, Barbot-Trystram L, Vadrot D, Boitard C, Larger E. Pancreatic volume and endocrine and exocrine functions in patients with diabetes. Pancreas. 2011 Apr;40(3):359-63. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e3182072032.
- Background: PubMed 23890130Rickels MR, Bellin M, Toledo FG, Robertson RP, Andersen DK, Chari ST, Brand R, Frulloni L, Anderson MA, Whitcomb DC; PancreasFest Recommendation Conference Participants. Detection, evaluation and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis: recommendations from PancreasFest 2012. Pancreatology. 2013 Jul-Aug;13(4):336-42. doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 May 17.
- Background: PubMed 26123585Khandekar N, Berning BA, Sainsbury A, Lin S. The role of pancreatic polypeptide in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2015 Dec 15;418 Pt 1:33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.028. Epub 2015 Jun 27.
- Background: PubMed 11825647Hennig R, Kekis PB, Friess H, Adrian TE, Buchler MW. Pancreatic polypeptide in pancreatitis. Peptides. 2002 Feb;23(2):331-8. doi: 10.1016/s0196-9781(01)00605-2.
- Background: PubMed 23383206Wang X, Zielinski MC, Misawa R, Wen P, Wang TY, Wang CZ, Witkowski P, Hara M. Quantitative analysis of pancreatic polypeptide cell distribution in the human pancreas. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e55501. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055501. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
- Background: PubMed 15916622Simonian HP, Kresge KM, Boden GH, Parkman HP. Differential effects of sham feeding and meal ingestion on ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide levels: evidence for vagal efferent stimulation mediating ghrelin release. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005 Jun;17(3):348-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2004.00634.x.
- Background: PubMed 26218807Veedfald S, Plamboeck A, Hartmann B, Svendsen LB, Vilsboll T, Knop FK, Holst JJ. Pancreatic polypeptide responses to isoglycemic oral and intravenous glucose in humans with and without intact vagal innervation. Peptides. 2015 Sep;71:229-31. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.020. Epub 2015 Jul 26.
- Background: PubMed 12915697Batterham RL, Le Roux CW, Cohen MA, Park AJ, Ellis SM, Patterson M, Frost GS, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR. Pancreatic polypeptide reduces appetite and food intake in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Aug;88(8):3989-92. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030630.
- Background: PubMed 8855802Brunicardi FC, Chaiken RL, Ryan AS, Seymour NE, Hoffmann JA, Lebovitz HE, Chance RE, Gingerich RL, Andersen DK, Elahi D. Pancreatic polypeptide administration improves abnormal glucose metabolism in patients with chronic pancreatitis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Oct;81(10):3566-72. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.10.8855802.
- Background: PubMed 22226275Rabiee A, Galiatsatos P, Salas-Carrillo R, Thompson MJ, Andersen DK, Elahi D. Pancreatic polypeptide administration enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces the insulin requirement of patients on insulin pump therapy. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2011 Nov 1;5(6):1521-8. doi: 10.1177/193229681100500629.
- Background: PubMed 21465328Henquin JC, Rahier J. Pancreatic alpha cell mass in European subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2011 Jul;54(7):1720-5. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2118-4. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Etienne LARGER, MD, PhD study chair
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing 12 ml total blood tubes volume and Fecal sample in people with Type1diabetes, run by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Measurement of pancreatic polypeptide for calculating the area under the curve (time frame: 1 day). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03396146, which also lists 29 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jan 2026.