Hepatocellular CarcinomaPhase 2NCT03379844
HEPAR Primary: Holmium-166-radioembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
A Phase 2 study testing Holmium-166 radioembolization in people with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Non-resectable, run by UMC Utrecht at 2 sites in Netherlands.
Trial summary
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma often die from intrahepatic disease since current treatment options are generally limited. Local treatment using holmium radioembolization could offer an effective treatment and a more personal approach than yttrium radioembolization (standard-of-care) as holmium has more imaging… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma Non-resectable
- What is being tested?
- Holmium-166 radioembolization
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesNetherlands
- Study dates
- 21 Aug 2017to 1 Aug 2021
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients must have given written informed consent.
- Female or male aged 18 years and over.
- Diagnosis of HCC established according to the Netherlands HCC guideline criteria (in line with American AASLD criteria): nodule >1 cm in a patient at risk for HCC, with combination of arterial hypervascularity and venous or delayed phase wash-out on multiphase CT-scan or MRI-scan.2, 4 LR-5 and LR- 4 based on Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System can be included based on discretion of the principal investigator.I
- No curative treatment options (resection, transplant, or in case of solitary tumor <5 cm, RFA).
- Life expectancy of at least 6 months.
- ECOG Performance status 0-1 (Table 2).
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- Liver-dominant disease (maximum 5 lung nodules all ≤1.0 cm and mesenteric or portal lymph nodes all ≤2.0 cm are accepted).
- Child-Pugh class A5-6 or B7.
- At least one measurable liver lesion according to the modified RECIST criteria.21
- Negative pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential. Female patients of child-bearing potential should use an highly effective acceptable method of contraception (oral contraceptives, barrier methods, approved contraceptive implant, long-term injectable contraception, intrauterine device or tubal ligation) or should be more than 1 year postmenopausal or surgically sterile during their participation in this study (from the time they sign the consent form), to prevent pregnancy.
Who cannot join
- Evidence of significant extrahepatic disease (MRI-scan liver and multiphase abdominal CT as well as a thoracic CT are routinely performed at screening).
- Radiation therapy within the last 4 weeks before the start of study therapy.
- Previous or current treatment with RE. Previous treatment with TACE, surgery, RFA, and previous or current treatment with sorafenib are allowed.
- Major surgery within 4 weeks or incompletely healed surgical incision before starting study therapy.
- Serum bilirubin >34.2 micromole/L (2 mg/dL).
- Glomerular filtration rate <35 ml/min, determined according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula.
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- Non-correctable INR >1.5 in case of femoral approach (as opposed to radial).
- Leukocytes <2 109/l and/or platelet count <50 109/l.
- Significant cardiac event (e.g. myocardial infarction, superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of heart disease ≥2 within 3 months before entry, or presence of cardiac disease that in the opinion of the Investigator increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia.
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Patients suffering from psychic disorders that make a comprehensive judgment impossible, such as psychosis, hallucinations and/or depression.
- Patients who are declared incapacitated.
- Previous enrollment in the present study.
- Male patients who are not surgically sterile or do not use an acceptable method of contraception during their participation in this study (from the time they sign the consent form) to prevent pregnancy in a partner.
- Evidence of untreated, clinically significant grade 3 portal hypertension (i.e. large varices at oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy). In these cases, therapy with non-selective beta blocker (propranolol) or rubber band ligation should be instituted according to accepted guidelines. In case of small varices, prophylactic propranolol is advised.
- Portal vein thrombosis (tumor and/or bland) of the main branch (diagnosed on contrast enhanced transaxial images). Involvement of the right or left portal vein branches and more distal is accepted.
- Untreated active hepatitis. In case of detectable viral HBV load, treatment with a nucleos(t)ide analog such as entecavir or tenofovir should be instituted.
- Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).
- Body weight over 150 kg (because of maximum table load).
- Severe allergy for intravenous contrast used (Visipaque®)(because of CT evaluation, pre-treatment angiography and treatment angiography).
- Lung shunt >30 Gy, as calculated using scout dose SPECT/CT.
- Uncorrectable extrahepatic deposition of scout dose activity. Activity in the falciform ligament, portal lymph nodes and gallbladder is accepted.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Netherlands2 sites
Erasmus Medical Center
Rotterdam, 3015CN
University Medical Center Utrecht
Utrecht, 3584 CX
About this study
Official title: Holmium-166-radioembolization in Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC); a Multi-center, Interventional, Non-randomized, Non-comparative, Open Label, Early Phase II Study: HEPAR Primary
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma often die from intrahepatic disease since current treatment options are generally limited. Local treatment using holmium radioembolization could offer an effective treatment and a more personal approach than yttrium radioembolization (standard-of-care) as holmium has more imaging options.
Read the detailed description
Primary objective:
- To establish the safety and toxicity profile of holmium radioembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Secondary objectives:
- To evaluate efficacy of holmium radioembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma without curative treatment options in a non-comparative phase II study.
- To evaluate tumor marker response.
- To evaluate Quality of Life (QoL).
- To evaluate biodistribution / dosimetry.
- To evaluate hepatic function.
Study design: Multi-center, interventional, treatment, non-randomized, open label, non-comparative, early phase II study. The study is a collaboration between UMC Utrecht and Erasmus MC Rotterdam. Recruitment and treatment of patients will take place in both centers.
Intervention: Holmium radioembolization will be performed via a catheter during angiography.
- Being tested
- Holmium-166 radioembolization
- Medical subject headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Holmium-166 radioembolizationDevice
An intra-arterial radioembolization procedure will be performed. The hepatic artery catheter is inserted via the femoral or radial artery under x-ray guidance by a trained interventional radiologist. The radiologist must repeatedly check the position of the catheter during the procedure to ensure it remains correctly sited and that reflux of the QuiremSpheres® into other organs does not occur. This is performed by injecting contrast medium. At the conclusion of the procedure, the catheter is removed.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Holmium-166 radioembolization | Experimental | Not described Receives: Device: Holmium-166 radioembolization |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Safety, expressed as the rate of unacceptable toxicity.
Safety, expressed as the rate of unacceptable toxicity, which is the occurrence of RE-induced liver disease, defined as a total bilirubin increase grade 3 or higher according to the CTCAE version 4.03, in combination with ascites and low albumin, in the absence of disease progression
Measured: Up to 6 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
Tumor response based on radiologic assessment of MRI scans using mRECIST
Tumor response based on radiologic assessment of MRI scans using mRECIST
Measured: Up to 6 months
Changes in tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein
Changes in tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein
Measured: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC C30
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC C30
Measured: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC HCC18
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC HCC18
Measured: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using BPI-SF
Quality of Life (QoL) using BPI-SF
Measured: Up to 6 months
Biodistribution/dosimetry based on quantitative assessment of MRI scans
Biodistribution/dosimetry based on quantitative assessment of MRI scans
Measured: Up to 6 months
Changes in hepatic function as determined by hepatobiliary scintigraphy
Changes in hepatic function as determined by hepatobiliary scintigraphy
Measured: Up to 3 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Dec 2017
- Study start21 Aug 2017
- Primary completion1 Jan 2020
- Study completion1 Aug 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hepatocellular CarcinomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by UMC UtrechtThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- UMC Utrecht
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Dutch Cancer Society, Erasmus Medical Center, Quirem Medical B.V.
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Marnix Lam, UMC Utrecht
- Investigators
- Marnix G. Lam, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, UMC Utrecht
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03379844
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NL52338.041.17
- Status last verified
- Nov 2022
- First submitted
- 21 Nov 2017
- Last updated
- 8 Nov 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Reinders MTM, Smits MJL, van Erpecum K, de Bruijne J, Bruijnen RCG, Sprengers D, de Man R, Vegt E, IJzermans JNM, Lam MGEH, Braat AJAT. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver function changes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with 166Ho-radioembolization : HBS in HCC treated with holmium-166. EJNMMI Res. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13550-025-01196-9.
PubMed 39786516
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Nov 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Holmium-166-radioembolization in Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC); a Multi-center, Interventional, Non-randomized, Non-comparative, Open Label, Early Phase II Study: HEPAR Primary
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03379844
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NL52338.041.17
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- UMC UtrechtUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Dutch Cancer Society, Erasmus Medical Center, Quirem Medical B.V.
- Study start
- 21 Aug 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Dec 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma often die from intrahepatic disease since current treatment options are generally limited. Local treatment using holmium radioembolization could offer an effective treatment and a more personal approach than yttrium radioembolization (standard-of-care) as holmium has more imaging options.
Detailed description
Primary objective:
- To establish the safety and toxicity profile of holmium radioembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Secondary objectives:
- To evaluate efficacy of holmium radioembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma without curative treatment options in a non-comparative phase II study.
- To evaluate tumor marker response.
- To evaluate Quality of Life (QoL).
- To evaluate biodistribution / dosimetry.
- To evaluate hepatic function.
Study design: Multi-center, interventional, treatment, non-randomized, open label, non-comparative, early phase II study. The study is a collaboration between UMC Utrecht and Erasmus MC Rotterdam. Recruitment and treatment of patients will take place in both centers.
Intervention: Holmium radioembolization will be performed via a catheter during angiography.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Holmium-166 radioembolization | Experimental | Device: Holmium-166 radioembolization |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Patients must have given written informed consent.
- Female or male aged 18 years and over.
- Diagnosis of HCC established according to the Netherlands HCC guideline criteria (in line with American AASLD criteria): nodule >1 cm in a patient at risk for HCC, with combination of arterial hypervascularity and venous or delayed phase wash-out on multiphase CT-scan or MRI-scan.2, 4 LR-5 and LR- 4 based on Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System can be included based on discretion of the principal investigator.I
- No curative treatment options (resection, transplant, or in case of solitary tumor <5 cm, RFA).
- Life expectancy of at least 6 months.
Key exclusion criteria (22 listed)
- Evidence of significant extrahepatic disease (MRI-scan liver and multiphase abdominal CT as well as a thoracic CT are routinely performed at screening).
- Radiation therapy within the last 4 weeks before the start of study therapy.
- Previous or current treatment with RE. Previous treatment with TACE, surgery, RFA, and previous or current treatment with sorafenib are allowed.
- Major surgery within 4 weeks or incompletely healed surgical incision before starting study therapy.
- Serum bilirubin >34.2 micromole/L (2 mg/dL).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Holmium-166 radioembolizationAn intra-arterial radioembolization procedure will be performed. The hepatic artery catheter is inserted via the femoral or radial artery under x-ray guidance by a trained interventional radiologist. The radiologist must repeatedly check the position of the catheter during the procedure to ensure it remains correctly sited and that reflux of the QuiremSpheres® into other organs does not occur. This is performed by injecting contrast medium. At the conclusion of the procedure, the catheter is removed. | Device | Holmium-166 radioembolization |
Primary outcome
Safety, expressed as the rate of unacceptable toxicity.
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Safety, expressed as the rate of unacceptable toxicity, which is the occurrence of RE-induced liver disease, defined as a total bilirubin increase grade 3 or higher according to the CTCAE version 4.03, in combination with ascites and low albumin, in the absence of disease progression
7 secondary outcomes
Tumor response based on radiologic assessment of MRI scans using mRECIST
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Changes in tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC C30
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using EORTC HCC18
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Quality of Life (QoL) using BPI-SF
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Biodistribution/dosimetry based on quantitative assessment of MRI scans
Time frame: Up to 6 months
Changes in hepatic function as determined by hepatobiliary scintigraphy
Time frame: Up to 3 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Nov 2022.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39786516Reinders MTM, Smits MJL, van Erpecum K, de Bruijne J, Bruijnen RCG, Sprengers D, de Man R, Vegt E, IJzermans JNM, Lam MGEH, Braat AJAT. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver function changes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with 166Ho-radioembolization : HBS in HCC treated with holmium-166. EJNMMI Res. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13550-025-01196-9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marnix G. Lam, MD, PhD principal investigator
UMC Utrecht
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Holmium-166 radioembolization in people with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Non-resectable, run by UMC Utrecht at 2 sites in Netherlands.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 22 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Nov 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Safety, expressed as the rate of unacceptable toxicity. (time frame: Up to 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03379844, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Nov 2022.