Hip FracturesPhase 4NCT02908516
Safety and Efficacy of Oral TXA in Reducing Blood Loss and Transfusion in Hip Fractures
A Phase 4 study testing Tranexamic Acid in people with Hip Fractures and Blood Loss, run by Yale University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of Tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements for patients with osteoporotic hip fractures. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Hip Fractures, Blood Loss
- What is being tested?
- Tranexamic Acid
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 6 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 18 Sep 2017to 15 Dec 2017
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients presenting with femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric femur fractures Patients age 18 and older Low energy injury
Who cannot join
- Pregnant or breast-feeding women Allergy to tranexamic acid Acquired disturbances of color vision Thrombophilia Antithrombin deficiency Factor V Leiden Antiphospholipid Syndrome Protein C and S deficiency History of heparin induced thrombocytopenia Sickle cell anemia Myeloproliferative disorders International Normalized Ratio (INR) > 1.4 Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) > 1.4 times normal A history of arterial or venous thromboembolism Cerebral Vascular Accident Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism Subarachnoid hemorrhage Active intravascular clotting Participation in another clinical trial
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Yale New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut, 06515
About this study
Official title: Safety and Efficacy of Oral Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss and Transfusion in Femoral Neck, Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures 100 FR 1 (2015-2)
The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of Tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements for patients with osteoporotic hip fractures. In addition to assessing blood loss in these patients, complications associated with TXA use would be characterized including systemic (pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke) and surgical site (hematoma, infection) events, need for re-hospitalization or re-operation and 30 day mortality.
Read the detailed description
Hip fractures are associated with significant blood loss and a subsequent need for blood transfusion. The causes of bleeding are multifactorial, increased fibrinolytic activity being one of them. The use of allogenic blood products is expensive and is associated with increased risk of hemolytic and anaphylactic reactions, post-operative infections and lengthened hospital stay. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a simple and inexpensive pharmacological agent that inhibits fibrinolysis and reduced bleeding. It has a 44 year history of clinical use beginning with patients with symptomatic menorrhagia as well as bleeding prophylaxis in hemophiliac patients undergoing tooth extraction
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic medication (reduces the destruction of blood clots, thus promoting the ability to stop bleeding) that is frequently used to reduce perioperative blood loss, blood transfusions and associated costs in major cardiac, vascular, obstetric, and orthopedic procedures. It has been used successfully in orthopedics to reduce perioperative blood loss, particularly in spine surgery, total knee and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Multiple recent meta-analyses have found that use of TXA in the setting of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and THA leads to significantly less overall blood loss and lower rates of blood transfusion without increasing rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or other complications.
Osteoporotic hip fractures are at an increased risk than elective orthopaedic surgery patients because they are exposed to a double bleeding insult. Fractures bleed and many of these patients sustain their first hit when hematoma forms in their soft tissues leading to symptomatic anemia. Subsequently these patients sustain additional blood loss when they undergo surgery for definitive treatment of their injuries.
Trauma surgeons understand the risk of hemorrhage associated with trauma and routinely give TXA to patients who present with high energy injuries. The CRASH-2 trial was an international study which randomized 20,000 bleeding trauma patients to get TXA or matching placebo upon presentation. With 99.5% follow up, the authors noted a decreased risk of bleeding and death without ill effect.
However, there are limited data on its use in patients with hip fractures. We propose a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial comparing perioperative administration of TXA to placebo in the setting of femur fractures. Thus our goal is to examine the safety and efficacy of TXA in reducing blood loss and red blood cell requirement for patients with intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric femur fractures at the time of hospital admission.
- Conditions
- Hip Fractures, Blood Loss
- Being tested
- Tranexamic Acid, Placebo
- Medical subject headings
- Hip Fractures, Hemorrhage
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Tranexamic AcidDrug
2 doses of 1.95 g TXA orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively.
PlaceboDrug
2 doses of 1.95 g cellulose orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Tranexamic acid | Experimental | Study subjects randomized to receive the TXA group will receive 3 oral capsules of 650 mg each of TXA for a total of 1.95 g. One dose will be given upon diagnosis of a hip fracture in the emergency department (ED) and a second dose will be given two hours prior to surgical incision. Receives: Drug: Tranexamic Acid |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Study subjects randomized to the placebo group will receive an equivalent dose of cellulose in 3 oral capsules. One dose will be given upon diagnosis of a hip fracture in the ED and a second dose will be given two hours prior to surgical incision. Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Total Blood Loss
Measured: Postoperative day 3
Change in Hemoglobin Level
Measured: From presentation until postoperative day 3
Number of Transfusion Events
Measured: Postoperative day 3
Secondary outcomes (2)
Hospital Length of Stay
Measured: During hospitalization, likely less than 1 week
Complications
Data were not collected post surgery due to study termination.
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Sep 2016 (estimated)
- Study start18 Sep 2017
- Primary completion14 Nov 2017
- Study completion15 Dec 2017
Why it stopped: Study was terminated due to inability to recruit and collect follow up outcome data.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Hip FracturesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Yale UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 6 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Yale University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Michael P Leslie, DO, Principal investigator, Yale University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02908516
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2000020122
- Status last verified
- Jul 2019
- First submitted
- 25 Jul 2016
- Last updated
- 29 Jul 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Jul 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Safety and Efficacy of Oral Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss and Transfusion in Femoral Neck, Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Femur Fractures 100 FR 1 (2015-2)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02908516
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2000020122
- Conditions
- Hip Fractures, Blood Loss
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: Study was terminated due to inability to recruit and collect follow up outcome data.
- Enrolment
- 6 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Yale UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 18 Sep 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 14 Nov 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Sep 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 29 Jul 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of Tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements for patients with osteoporotic hip fractures. In addition to assessing blood loss in these patients, complications associated with TXA use would be characterized including systemic (pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke) and surgical site (hematoma, infection) events, need for re-hospitalization or re-operation and 30 day mortality.
Detailed description
Hip fractures are associated with significant blood loss and a subsequent need for blood transfusion. The causes of bleeding are multifactorial, increased fibrinolytic activity being one of them. The use of allogenic blood products is expensive and is associated with increased risk of hemolytic and anaphylactic reactions, post-operative infections and lengthened hospital stay. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a simple and inexpensive pharmacological agent that inhibits fibrinolysis and reduced bleeding. It has a 44 year history of clinical use beginning with patients with symptomatic menorrhagia as well as bleeding prophylaxis in hemophiliac patients undergoing tooth extraction
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic medication (reduces the destruction of blood clots, thus promoting the ability to stop bleeding) that is frequently used to reduce perioperative blood loss, blood transfusions and associated costs in major cardiac, vascular, obstetric, and orthopedic procedures. It has been used successfully in orthopedics to reduce perioperative blood loss, particularly in spine surgery, total knee and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Multiple recent meta-analyses have found that use of TXA in the setting of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and THA leads to significantly less overall blood loss and lower rates of blood transfusion without increasing rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or other complications.
Osteoporotic hip fractures are at an increased risk than elective orthopaedic surgery patients because they are exposed to a double bleeding insult. Fractures bleed and many of these patients sustain their first hit when hematoma forms in their soft tissues leading to symptomatic anemia. Subsequently these patients sustain additional blood loss when they undergo surgery for definitive treatment of their injuries.
Trauma surgeons understand the risk of hemorrhage associated with trauma and routinely give TXA to patients who present with high energy injuries. The CRASH-2 trial was an international study which randomized 20,000 bleeding trauma patients to get TXA or matching placebo upon presentation. With 99.5% follow up, the authors noted a decreased risk of bleeding and death without ill effect.
However, there are limited data on its use in patients with hip fractures. We propose a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial comparing perioperative administration of TXA to placebo in the setting of femur fractures. Thus our goal is to examine the safety and efficacy of TXA in reducing blood loss and red blood cell requirement for patients with intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric femur fractures at the time of hospital admission.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Tranexamic acid | Experimental | Drug: Tranexamic AcidStudy subjects randomized to receive the TXA group will receive 3 oral capsules of 650 mg each of TXA for a total of 1.95 g. One dose will be given upon diagnosis of a hip fracture in the emergency department (ED) and a second dose will be given two hours prior to surgical incision. |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboStudy subjects randomized to the placebo group will receive an equivalent dose of cellulose in 3 oral capsules. One dose will be given upon diagnosis of a hip fracture in the ED and a second dose will be given two hours prior to surgical incision. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients presenting with femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric femur fractures Patients age 18 and older Low energy injury
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Pregnant or breast-feeding women Allergy to tranexamic acid Acquired disturbances of color vision Thrombophilia Antithrombin deficiency Factor V Leiden Antiphospholipid Syndrome Protein C and S deficiency History of heparin induced thrombocytopenia Sickle cell anemia Myeloproliferative disorders International Normalized Ratio (INR) > 1.4 Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) > 1.4 times normal A history of arterial or venous thromboembolism Cerebral Vascular Accident Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism Subarachnoid hemorrhage Active intravascular clotting Participation in another clinical trial
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Tranexamic Acid2 doses of 1.95 g TXA orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively. | Drug | Tranexamic acid |
| Placebo2 doses of 1.95 g cellulose orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively. | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Total Blood Loss
Time frame: Postoperative day 3
Change in Hemoglobin Level
Time frame: From presentation until postoperative day 3
Number of Transfusion Events
Time frame: Postoperative day 3
2 secondary outcomes
Hospital Length of Stay
Time frame: During hospitalization, likely less than 1 week
Complications
Time frame: 6 weeks
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Jul 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Michael P Leslie, DO principal investigator
Yale University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Tranexamic Acid in people with Hip Fractures and Blood Loss, run by Yale University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Jul 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 29 Jul 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Total Blood Loss (time frame: Postoperative day 3). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Jul 2019.