Idiopathic Membranous NephropathyPhase 2/3MENTORNCT01180036
MEmbranous Nephropathy Trial Of Rituximab
A Phase 2/3 study testing Rituximab and Cyclosporine in people with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy, run by Mayo Clinic at 21 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
The primary outcome of this study is to determine whether or not the B cell targeting with Rituximab is non-inferior or more effective than Cyclosporine in inducing long term remission of proteinuria. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
- What is being tested?
- Rituximab and Cyclosporine
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 130 participants
- Where
- 21 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- Nov 2011to 1 Oct 2017
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Idiopathic MN with diagnostic biopsy
- Female, must be post-menopausal, surgically sterile or practicing a medically approved method of contraception(no birth-control pill)
- Must be off prednisone or mycophenolate mofetil for >1 month and alkylating agents for >6 months.
- angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and/or Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), for >3 months prior to randomization and adequate blood pressure (target BP <130/80 millimeter of mercury (mmHg) in >75% of the readings, but subjects with BP <140/80 mmHg in >75% of the readings will be eligible). Patients with documented evidence of >3 months treatment with maximal angiotensin II blockade, on an 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and BP control (BP <140/80 mmHg in >75% of the readings) who remain with proteinuria >5g/24h may enter and be randomized to RTX/CSA without the need of the run-in/conservative phase of the study.
- Proteinuria >5g/24h on two 24-hour urine collection collected within 14 days of each other
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥40 ml/min/1.73m2 while taking ACEi/ARB therapy OR quantified endogenous creatinine clearance >40 ml/min/1.73m2 based on a 24-hour urine collection.
Who cannot join
- Presence of active infection or a secondary cause of MN (e.g. hepatitis B, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), medications, malignancies). Testing for HIV, Hepatitis B and C should have occurred <2 years prior to enrollment into the study.
- Type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus: to exclude proteinuria secondary to diabetic nephropathy. Patients who have recent history of steroid induced diabetes but no evidence on renal biopsy performed within 6 months of entry into the study are eligible for enrollment.
- Pregnancy or breast feeding for safety reasons
- History of resistance to CSA (or other calcineurin inhibitors, e.g. tacrolimus), RTX or alkylating agents (e.g. Cytoxan). Patients who previously responded to CSA/Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI), RTX or alkylating agents with either a complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR) but relapsed off CSA/CNI after 3 months or relapsed off RTX or alkylating agent after 6 months are eligible.
Trial locations and contacts
21 sites in 2 countries.
21 sites in 2 countries
United States18 sites
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
MetroHealth System (Case Western Reserve University)
Cleveland, Ohio, 44109
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216
Mayo Clinic Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, 32224
University of Kansas Medical Center
Kansas City, Kansas, 66160
University of Miami Hospital and Clinics
Miami, Florida, 33136
Medical College of Wisconsin, Froedtert Hospital
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226
New York University
New York, New York, 10016
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York, 10032
Mayo Clinic Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
Stanford University
San Francisco, California, 94304
Mayo Clinic Scottsdale
Scottsdale, Arizona, 85054
University of Washington Medical Center
Seattle, Washington, 98195
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63110
University of Arizona, Tucson
Tucson, Arizona, 85724
Canada3 sites
Centre hospitalier universitaire de Quebec - Hotel-Dieu de Quebec
Québec, G1R 2J6
Toronto General Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, M5G2C4
St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z1Y6
About this study
Official title: "A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN)"
The primary outcome of this study is to determine whether or not the B cell targeting with Rituximab is non-inferior or more effective than Cyclosporine in inducing long term remission of proteinuria.
Read the detailed description
In IMN, experimental data suggests that B cells are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. To date, the best proven therapy for patients with MN consists of the combined use of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC). Since the mechanism of action of CYC includes suppression of various stages of the B cell cycle including B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation and inhibition of immunoglobulin (IgG) secretion, it lends credence to the hypothesis that B cells abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis of MN. Given the key role of IgG antibodies in MN, it is reasonable to postulate that suppression of antibody production by depleting B cells may improve or even resolve the glomerular pathology and be reflected by a reduction in proteinuria. Thus, a case could be made for using an agent capable of selectively depleting B cells, and therefore halting the production of immunoglobulins against antigens potentially present in the glomeruli. This approach could stop the initiating sequence of pathogenic events and result in resolution of the. The P.I. believes that the application of selective B cell targeting with Rituximab (RTX) will prove at least equal, or even superior, both in the production of short term and long term control of the nephrotic syndrome (NS) and be safer than any current therapeutic regimen used to treat MN.
Based on this rationale, the investigators conducted a pilot trial in 15 newly-biopsied patients (<3 years) with IMN and proteinuria >5g/24h despite ACEi/ARB use for >3months and systolic BP <130 millimeter of mercury (mmHg). Mean baseline creatinine was 1.4 mg/dl. Thirteen males and 2 females, median age 47 (range 33-63), were treated with RTX (1g) on days 1 and 15. At six months, patients who remained with proteinuria >3g/24 received a second identical course of RTX. Baseline proteinuria of 13.0±5.7g/24h (range 8.4-23.5) decreased to 6.0±7.0 g/24h (range 0.2-20) at 12 months (mean ± SD). In the fourteen patients who completed a 12 months follow-up complete remission (proteinuria <0.3g/24h) was achieved in 2 patients and partial remission (<3g/24h) in 7 patients. In 5 of these 7 patients, proteinuria was <1.5g/24h and follow up at 18 months showed that 3 of these 7 patients on PR achieved CR of proteinuria. Five patients did not respond. The mean drop in proteinuria from baseline to 12 months was 6.2± 5.1g (p=.002, paired t-test). There were a limited number of minor side-effects. Initial cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20)+ B cell depletion was seen in all patients. However, at 3 months, CD20+ B cells were starting to recover with five patients >35 cells/µl (range 35-152).(50) These data contrasts with previous work by Ruggenenti et al. using RTX given weekly (375 mg/m2) for 4 weeks. Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis showed that RTX levels in this 2-dose regimen were 50% lower compared to non-proteinuric patients, which could potentially result in undertreatment.
Based on these results, the investigators recently conducted a study postulating that in patients with MN, 4 weekly doses of RTX would result in more effective B cell depletion, a higher remission rate and maintaining of the same safety profile compared to patients treated with RTX dosed at 1g x 2.
- Conditions
- Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
- Being tested
- Rituximab, Cyclosporine
- Keywords
- Membranous Nephropathy
- Medical subject headings
- Glomerulonephritis, Membranous
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
RituximabDrug
Also called Rituxan, MabThera
1000 mg, I.V. on Days 1 and 15 and will be retreated at month 6 independent of cluster of differentiation (CD) 19+ B cell count
CyclosporineDrug
Also called Sandimmune
Patients randomized to the Cyclosporine arm will be started at a dose of (CsA = 3.5 mg/kg/day p.o. divided into 2 doses for 12 months). Target trough CsA blood levels, as determined in whole blood by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), are 125 to 175 ng/ml. A persistent and otherwise unexplained increase in serum creatinine >30% would prompt an approximate 25% dose reduction of CSA, aiming for a corresponding 25% reduction in CSA trough level. If with this dose reduction the creatinine does not return to within 30% of baseline levels within 3 weeks, then a second dose reduction of approximately 25% with similar reduction in CSA trough level will be used. If the creatinine does not fall to baseline values with this second dose reduction, the drug will be discontinued. At the end of 12 months, Cyclosporine will be tapered by 1/3 of the maintenance dose monthly and hence discontinued after 3 months.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Rituximab Treatment Arm | Active comparator | Patients randomized to the RTX arm will receive 1000 mg IV on Days 1 and 15. Patients who achieve complete remission at 6 months will not be retreated. A second course of RTX 1000 mg IV will be administered at study month 6 for individuals who have not achieved a complete remission, but have achieved a minimum of >25% reduction in Time 0 proteinuria. Dosing at study month 6 will be independent of cluster of differentiation (CD) 19+ B cell count. Receives: Drug: Rituximab |
| Cyclosporine Treatment Arm | Active comparator | Patients randomized to the Cyclosporine arm will be started at a dose of CsA = 3.5 mg/kg/day p.o. divided into 2 equal doses given at 12 hour intervals. Target trough CsA blood levels are 125 to 175 ng/ml. Patients will have their doses adjusted according to their blood levels of CSA as monitored every 2 weeks until the target trough level is reached. If a complete remission is achieved by 6 months, CSA will be tapered and discontinued over a three-month period. If after 6 months there has not been a reduction in proteinuria of at least 25% of baseline values, the drug will also be discontinued. If there has been a >25% reduction in baseline proteinuria (but not complete remission) the CSA will be continued for an additional 6 months. Receives: Drug: Cyclosporine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Remission Status
The number of subjects to reach the composite of maintaining complete remission or partial remission at 24 months after randomization will be the primary endpoint.
Measured: 24 months after randomization
Secondary outcomes (1)
Remission Status
The number of subjects to reach either complete remission or partial remission at 12 months after randomization.
Measured: 12 months after randomization
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Aug 2010 (estimated)
- Study startNov 2011
- Primary completion1 Oct 2017
- Study completion1 Oct 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Idiopathic Membranous NephropathyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Mayo ClinicThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 130 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mayo Clinic
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Columbia University, University of British Columbia, Ohio State University, Stanford University, University of Washington, University of Michigan, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Case Western Reserve University, The Cleveland Clinic, University of Kansas Medical Center, University of Manchester, University Health Network, Toronto, University of Toronto, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Washington University School of Medicine, Florida International University, University of Mississippi Medical Center, NYU Langone Health, Medical College of Wisconsin, University of Arizona, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Applied Health Research Centre, Fulk Family Foundation
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Fernando Fervenza, Mayo Clinic
- Investigators
- Fernando C. Fervenza, M.D., Ph.D., Principal investigator, Mayo Clinic
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01180036
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 10-003372
- Acronym
- MENTOR
- Status last verified
- Apr 2019
- First submitted
- 10 Aug 2010
- Last updated
- 30 Apr 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
von Groote TC, Williams G, Au EH, Chen Y, Mathew AT, Hodson EM, Tunnicliffe DJ. Immunosuppressive treatment for primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Nov 15;11(11):CD004293. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004293.pub4.
PubMed 34778952Xie J, Liu L, Mladkova N, Li Y, Ren H, Wang W, Cui Z, Lin L, Hu X, Yu X, Xu J, Liu G, Caliskan Y, Sidore C, Balderes O, Rosen RJ, Bodria M, Zanoni F, Zhang JY, Krithivasan P, Mehl K, Marasa M, Khan A, Ozay F, Canetta PA, Bomback AS, Appel GB, Sanna-Cherchi S, Sampson MG, Mariani LH, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Durlik M, Mucha K, Moszczuk B, Foroncewicz B, Paczek L, Habura I, Ars E, Ballarin J, Mani LY, Vogt B, Ozturk S, Yildiz A, Seyahi N, Arikan H, Koc M, Basturk T, Karahan G, Akgul SU, Sever MS, Zhang D, Santoro D, Bonomini M, Londrino F, Gesualdo L, Reiterova J, Tesar V, Izzi C, Savoldi S, Spotti D, Marcantoni C, Messa P, Galliani M, Roccatello D, Granata S, Zaza G, Lugani F, Ghiggeri G, Pisani I, Allegri L, Sprangers B, Park JH, Cho B, Kim YS, Kim DK, Suzuki H, Amoroso A, Cattran DC, Fervenza FC, Pani A, Hamilton P, Harris S, Gupta S, Cheshire C, Dufek S, Issler N, Pepper RJ, Connolly J, Powis S, Bockenhauer D, Stanescu HC, Ashman N, Loos RJF, Kenny EE, Wuttke M, Eckardt KU, Kottgen A, Hofstra JM, Coenen MJH, Kiemeney LA, Akilesh S, Kretzler M, Beck LH, Stengel B, Debiec H, Ronco P, Wetzels JFM, Zoledziewska M, Cucca F, Ionita-Laza I, Lee H, Hoxha E, Stahl RAK, Brenchley P, Scolari F, Zhao MH, Gharavi AG, Kleta R, Chen N, Kiryluk K. The genetic architecture of membranous nephropathy and its potential to improve non-invasive diagnosis. Nat Commun. 2020 Mar 30;11(1):1600. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15383-w.
PubMed 32231244Fervenza FC, Appel GB, Barbour SJ, Rovin BH, Lafayette RA, Aslam N, Jefferson JA, Gipson PE, Rizk DV, Sedor JR, Simon JF, McCarthy ET, Brenchley P, Sethi S, Avila-Casado C, Beanlands H, Lieske JC, Philibert D, Li T, Thomas LF, Green DF, Juncos LA, Beara-Lasic L, Blumenthal SS, Sussman AN, Erickson SB, Hladunewich M, Canetta PA, Hebert LA, Leung N, Radhakrishnan J, Reich HN, Parikh SV, Gipson DS, Lee DK, da Costa BR, Juni P, Cattran DC; MENTOR Investigators. Rituximab or Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 4;381(1):36-46. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1814427.
PubMed 31269364Fervenza FC, Canetta PA, Barbour SJ, Lafayette RA, Rovin BH, Aslam N, Hladunewich MA, Irazabal MV, Sethi S, Gipson DS, Reich HN, Brenchley P, Kretzler M, Radhakrishnan J, Hebert LA, Gipson PE, Thomas LF, McCarthy ET, Appel GB, Jefferson JA, Eirin A, Lieske JC, Hogan MC, Greene EL, Dillon JJ, Leung N, Sedor JR, Rizk DV, Blumenthal SS, Lasic LB, Juncos LA, Green DF, Simon J, Sussman AN, Philibert D, Cattran DC; Mentor Consortium group. A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MENTOR). Nephron. 2015;130(3):159-68. doi: 10.1159/000430849. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
PubMed 26087670
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Apr 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- "A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN)"
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01180036
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MENTOR / 10-003372
- Conditions
- Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
- Keywords
- Membranous Nephropathy
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 130 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mayo ClinicUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Columbia University, University of British Columbia, Ohio State University, Stanford University, University of Washington, University of Michigan, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Case Western Reserve University, The Cleveland Clinic, University of Kansas Medical Center, University of Manchester, University Health Network, Toronto, University of Toronto, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Washington University School of Medicine, Florida International University, University of Mississippi Medical Center, NYU Langone Health, Medical College of Wisconsin, University of Arizona, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Applied Health Research Centre, Fulk Family Foundation
- Study start
- Nov 2011
- Primary completion
- 1 Oct 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Oct 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Aug 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 30 Apr 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary outcome of this study is to determine whether or not the B cell targeting with Rituximab is non-inferior or more effective than Cyclosporine in inducing long term remission of proteinuria.
Detailed description
In IMN, experimental data suggests that B cells are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. To date, the best proven therapy for patients with MN consists of the combined use of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC). Since the mechanism of action of CYC includes suppression of various stages of the B cell cycle including B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation and inhibition of immunoglobulin (IgG) secretion, it lends credence to the hypothesis that B cells abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis of MN. Given the key role of IgG antibodies in MN, it is reasonable to postulate that suppression of antibody production by depleting B cells may improve or even resolve the glomerular pathology and be reflected by a reduction in proteinuria. Thus, a case could be made for using an agent capable of selectively depleting B cells, and therefore halting the production of immunoglobulins against antigens potentially present in the glomeruli. This approach could stop the initiating sequence of pathogenic events and result in resolution of the. The P.I. believes that the application of selective B cell targeting with Rituximab (RTX) will prove at least equal, or even superior, both in the production of short term and long term control of the nephrotic syndrome (NS) and be safer than any current therapeutic regimen used to treat MN.
Based on this rationale, the investigators conducted a pilot trial in 15 newly-biopsied patients (<3 years) with IMN and proteinuria >5g/24h despite ACEi/ARB use for >3months and systolic BP <130 millimeter of mercury (mmHg). Mean baseline creatinine was 1.4 mg/dl. Thirteen males and 2 females, median age 47 (range 33-63), were treated with RTX (1g) on days 1 and 15. At six months, patients who remained with proteinuria >3g/24 received a second identical course of RTX. Baseline proteinuria of 13.0±5.7g/24h (range 8.4-23.5) decreased to 6.0±7.0 g/24h (range 0.2-20) at 12 months (mean ± SD). In the fourteen patients who completed a 12 months follow-up complete remission (proteinuria <0.3g/24h) was achieved in 2 patients and partial remission (<3g/24h) in 7 patients. In 5 of these 7 patients, proteinuria was <1.5g/24h and follow up at 18 months showed that 3 of these 7 patients on PR achieved CR of proteinuria. Five patients did not respond. The mean drop in proteinuria from baseline to 12 months was 6.2± 5.1g (p=.002, paired t-test). There were a limited number of minor side-effects. Initial cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20)+ B cell depletion was seen in all patients. However, at 3 months, CD20+ B cells were starting to recover with five patients >35 cells/µl (range 35-152).(50) These data contrasts with previous work by Ruggenenti et al. using RTX given weekly (375 mg/m2) for 4 weeks. Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis showed that RTX levels in this 2-dose regimen were 50% lower compared to non-proteinuric patients, which could potentially result in undertreatment.
Based on these results, the investigators recently conducted a study postulating that in patients with MN, 4 weekly doses of RTX would result in more effective B cell depletion, a higher remission rate and maintaining of the same safety profile compared to patients treated with RTX dosed at 1g x 2.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Rituximab Treatment Arm | Active comparator | Drug: RituximabPatients randomized to the RTX arm will receive 1000 mg IV on Days 1 and 15. Patients who achieve complete remission at 6 months will not be retreated. A second course of RTX 1000 mg IV will be administered at study month 6 for individuals who have not achieved a complete remission, but have achieved a minimum of >25% reduction in Time 0 proteinuria. Dosing at study month 6 will be independent of cluster of differentiation (CD) 19+ B cell count. |
| Cyclosporine Treatment Arm | Active comparator | Drug: CyclosporinePatients randomized to the Cyclosporine arm will be started at a dose of CsA = 3.5 mg/kg/day p.o. divided into 2 equal doses given at 12 hour intervals. Target trough CsA blood levels are 125 to 175 ng/ml. Patients will have their doses adjusted according to their blood levels of CSA as monitored every 2 weeks until the target trough level is reached. If a complete remission is achieved by 6 months, CSA will be tapered and discontinued over a three-month period. If after 6 months there has not been a reduction in proteinuria of at least 25% of baseline values, the drug will also be discontinued. If there has been a >25% reduction in baseline proteinuria (but not complete remission) the CSA will be continued for an additional 6 months. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Idiopathic MN with diagnostic biopsy
- Female, must be post-menopausal, surgically sterile or practicing a medically approved method of contraception(no birth-control pill)
- Must be off prednisone or mycophenolate mofetil for >1 month and alkylating agents for >6 months.
- angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and/or Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), for >3 months prior to randomization and adequate blood pressure (target BP <130/80 millimeter of mercury (mmHg) in >75% of the readings, but subjects with BP <140/80 mmHg in >75% of the readings will be eligible). Patients with documented evidence of >3 months treatment with maximal angiotensin II blockade, on an 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and BP control (BP <140/80 mmHg in >75% of the readings) who remain with proteinuria >5g/24h may enter and be randomized to RTX/CSA without the need of the run-in/conservative phase of the study.
- Proteinuria >5g/24h on two 24-hour urine collection collected within 14 days of each other
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Presence of active infection or a secondary cause of MN (e.g. hepatitis B, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), medications, malignancies). Testing for HIV, Hepatitis B and C should have occurred <2 years prior to enrollment into the study.
- Type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus: to exclude proteinuria secondary to diabetic nephropathy. Patients who have recent history of steroid induced diabetes but no evidence on renal biopsy performed within 6 months of entry into the study are eligible for enrollment.
- Pregnancy or breast feeding for safety reasons
- History of resistance to CSA (or other calcineurin inhibitors, e.g. tacrolimus), RTX or alkylating agents (e.g. Cytoxan). Patients who previously responded to CSA/Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI), RTX or alkylating agents with either a complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR) but relapsed off CSA/CNI after 3 months or relapsed off RTX or alkylating agent after 6 months are eligible.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| RituximabAlso: Rituxan, MabThera1000 mg, I.V. on Days 1 and 15 and will be retreated at month 6 independent of cluster of differentiation (CD) 19+ B cell count | Drug | Rituximab Treatment Arm |
| CyclosporineAlso: SandimmunePatients randomized to the Cyclosporine arm will be started at a dose of (CsA = 3.5 mg/kg/day p.o. divided into 2 doses for 12 months). Target trough CsA blood levels, as determined in whole blood by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), are 125 to 175 ng/ml. A persistent and otherwise unexplained increase in serum creatinine >30% would prompt an approximate 25% dose reduction of CSA, aiming for a corresponding 25% reduction in CSA trough level. If with this dose reduction the creatinine does not return to within 30% of baseline levels within 3 weeks, then a second dose reduction of approximately 25% with similar reduction in CSA trough level will be used. If the creatinine does not fall to baseline values with this second dose reduction, the drug will be discontinued. At the end of 12 months, Cyclosporine will be tapered by 1/3 of the maintenance dose monthly and hence discontinued after 3 months. | Drug | Cyclosporine Treatment Arm |
Primary outcome
Remission Status
Time frame: 24 months after randomization
The number of subjects to reach the composite of maintaining complete remission or partial remission at 24 months after randomization will be the primary endpoint.
1 secondary outcome
Remission Status
Time frame: 12 months after randomization
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Apr 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34778952von Groote TC, Williams G, Au EH, Chen Y, Mathew AT, Hodson EM, Tunnicliffe DJ. Immunosuppressive treatment for primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Nov 15;11(11):CD004293. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004293.pub4.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32231244Xie J, Liu L, Mladkova N, Li Y, Ren H, Wang W, Cui Z, Lin L, Hu X, Yu X, Xu J, Liu G, Caliskan Y, Sidore C, Balderes O, Rosen RJ, Bodria M, Zanoni F, Zhang JY, Krithivasan P, Mehl K, Marasa M, Khan A, Ozay F, Canetta PA, Bomback AS, Appel GB, Sanna-Cherchi S, Sampson MG, Mariani LH, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Durlik M, Mucha K, Moszczuk B, Foroncewicz B, Paczek L, Habura I, Ars E, Ballarin J, Mani LY, Vogt B, Ozturk S, Yildiz A, Seyahi N, Arikan H, Koc M, Basturk T, Karahan G, Akgul SU, Sever MS, Zhang D, Santoro D, Bonomini M, Londrino F, Gesualdo L, Reiterova J, Tesar V, Izzi C, Savoldi S, Spotti D, Marcantoni C, Messa P, Galliani M, Roccatello D, Granata S, Zaza G, Lugani F, Ghiggeri G, Pisani I, Allegri L, Sprangers B, Park JH, Cho B, Kim YS, Kim DK, Suzuki H, Amoroso A, Cattran DC, Fervenza FC, Pani A, Hamilton P, Harris S, Gupta S, Cheshire C, Dufek S, Issler N, Pepper RJ, Connolly J, Powis S, Bockenhauer D, Stanescu HC, Ashman N, Loos RJF, Kenny EE, Wuttke M, Eckardt KU, Kottgen A, Hofstra JM, Coenen MJH, Kiemeney LA, Akilesh S, Kretzler M, Beck LH, Stengel B, Debiec H, Ronco P, Wetzels JFM, Zoledziewska M, Cucca F, Ionita-Laza I, Lee H, Hoxha E, Stahl RAK, Brenchley P, Scolari F, Zhao MH, Gharavi AG, Kleta R, Chen N, Kiryluk K. The genetic architecture of membranous nephropathy and its potential to improve non-invasive diagnosis. Nat Commun. 2020 Mar 30;11(1):1600. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15383-w.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31269364Fervenza FC, Appel GB, Barbour SJ, Rovin BH, Lafayette RA, Aslam N, Jefferson JA, Gipson PE, Rizk DV, Sedor JR, Simon JF, McCarthy ET, Brenchley P, Sethi S, Avila-Casado C, Beanlands H, Lieske JC, Philibert D, Li T, Thomas LF, Green DF, Juncos LA, Beara-Lasic L, Blumenthal SS, Sussman AN, Erickson SB, Hladunewich M, Canetta PA, Hebert LA, Leung N, Radhakrishnan J, Reich HN, Parikh SV, Gipson DS, Lee DK, da Costa BR, Juni P, Cattran DC; MENTOR Investigators. Rituximab or Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 4;381(1):36-46. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1814427.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 26087670Fervenza FC, Canetta PA, Barbour SJ, Lafayette RA, Rovin BH, Aslam N, Hladunewich MA, Irazabal MV, Sethi S, Gipson DS, Reich HN, Brenchley P, Kretzler M, Radhakrishnan J, Hebert LA, Gipson PE, Thomas LF, McCarthy ET, Appel GB, Jefferson JA, Eirin A, Lieske JC, Hogan MC, Greene EL, Dillon JJ, Leung N, Sedor JR, Rizk DV, Blumenthal SS, Lasic LB, Juncos LA, Green DF, Simon J, Sussman AN, Philibert D, Cattran DC; Mentor Consortium group. A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MENTOR). Nephron. 2015;130(3):159-68. doi: 10.1159/000430849. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
- Mayo Clinic Clinical TrialsLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Fernando C. Fervenza, M.D., Ph.D. principal investigator
Mayo Clinic
21 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2/3 study testing Rituximab and Cyclosporine in people with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy, run by Mayo Clinic at 21 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Apr 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 21 sites in United States, Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 30 Apr 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Remission Status (time frame: 24 months after randomization). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01180036, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Apr 2019.