Hemophagocytic LymphohistiocytosisPhase 2NCT01104025
Hybrid Immunotherapy for Hemophagocytic LymphoHistiocytosis
A Phase 2 study testing ATG, rabbit, Etoposide and Methotrexate in people with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, run by Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati at 15 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
Despite good progress during the last decade, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) remains difficult to treat. Two different treatment regimens have been used successfully. The first one, a treatment regimen based on two drugs called etoposide and dexamethasone, has been used worldwide. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages Up to 18 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- What is being tested?
- ATG, rabbit, Etoposide and Methotrexate
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 31 participants
- Where
- 15 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- Apr 2010to Apr 2016
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Up to 18 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
- Patients <18 years of age
- The patient must have active disease at the time of enrollment
- Patient's legal guardians must sign an Institutional Review Board approved consent form indicating their awareness of the investigational nature and the risks of this study.
- Eligible subjects must be enrolled with the protocol coordinating center
Who cannot join
- Recent treatment, within 3 months, with another therapeutic regimen for HLH
- Known active malignancy
- Known rheumatologic diagnosis which may be the underlying cause of HLH
- Pregnancy (as determined by serum or urine test) or active breast feeding
- Failure to provide signed informed consent
Trial locations and contacts
15 sites in 2 countries.
15 sites in 2 countries
United States14 sites
University of Colorado
Aurora, Colorado, 80045
Children's Hospital Boston
Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
Texas Children's Cancer Center/Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, 77030
Nemours
Jacksonville, Florida, 32827
Tulane University Medical Center
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70118
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19145
Phoenix Children's Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona, 85254
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon, 21703
University of California, San Francisco Department of Pediatrics
San Francisco, California, 94143
Florida All Children's Hospital
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701
Stanford University
Stanford, California, 94305
Children's National Medical Center
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20010
Nemours
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803
About this study
Official title: An Open Label Phase II Pilot Study of Hybrid ImmunoTherapy(ATG/Dexamethasone/Etoposide) for Hemophagocytic LymphoHistiocytosis:HIT-HLH
Despite good progress during the last decade, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) remains difficult to treat. Two different treatment regimens have been used successfully. The first one, a treatment regimen based on two drugs called etoposide and dexamethasone, has been used worldwide. The second regimen, based on two drugs called Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and prednisone, has been used mostly at one hospital in Paris, for over 15 years. With either regimen, about three quarters of treated children survive the most difficult time, the first two months after diagnosis. These two different regimens appear to work somewhat differently, and we suspect that combining them may give better results than either regimen alone. We are conducting this clinical trial to test the combination of ATG, dexamethasone, and etoposide for the treatment of HLH.
The purpose of this research study is to find out what effects (good and bad) this drug combination has on you and your HLH.
Read the detailed description
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare immunological disorder first recognized almost 70 years ago.(1) Genetic and animal studies have indicated that the familial form of HLH is clearly due to a deficiency of cytotoxic killing. Patients with HLH present with a potentially fatal syndrome of 'hyperimmunity.' These patients have severe inflammation, associated with cytopenias and variably severe bone marrow, liver, or CNS damage. Tissue damage and mortality appear to be due to hypercytokinemia related to persistent immune hyperactivation. An animal model of HLH and correlative human studies all suggest that excessive and abnormal activation of T cells drives the pathophysiology of this disorder, and that suppressing this excessive activation is critical for successful therapy of HLH. It is believed a combination of the two proven induction regimens for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) (anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)- and etoposide-based) will result in response rates and overall survival rates at eight weeks which are comparable or better than the current standard of care (induction therapy per the HLH-94 protocol).
- Conditions
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Being tested
- ATG, rabbit, Etoposide, Methotrexate, hydrocortisone, Dexamethasone
- Keywords
- hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hybrid immunotherapy, dexamethasone, Etoposide, ATG,rabbit
- Medical subject headings
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ATG, rabbitDrug
Also called Thymoglobulin
ATG, rabbit (Thymoglobulin, Genzyme) will be dosed at 5 mg/kg/dose, given IV on 5 consecutive days (titrated over 4 to 8 hours).
EtoposideDrug
Also called Etopophos, Toposar, VePesid
Etoposide will be dosed at 150mg/m2, given IV. The first dose will be given 7 days (+/- 2 days) after the first dose of ATG, and be given weekly for a total of 7 doses.
MethotrexateDrug
Intrathecal Methotrexate and hydrocortisone will be administered to CNS+ patients (CNS+ patients are those patients which have any of the following: elevated CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) protein or white count, seizures, focal or global neurologic deficit, MRI abnormalities consistent with CNS involvement by HLH.) in the following doses: age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg. It will be administered (+/- 3 days) on day 7, 14, 21 and 42.
hydrocortisoneDrug
Intrathecal Methotrexate and hydrocortisone will be administered to CNS+ patients (CNS+ patients are those patients which have any of the following: elevated CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) protein or white count, seizures, focal or global neurologic deficit, MRI abnormalities consistent with CNS involvement by HLH.) in the following doses: age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg. It will be administered (+/- 3 days) on day 7, 14, 21 and 42.
DexamethasoneDrug
will be started with the ATG. It will be divided BID, given IV for at least 1 week before switching to PO. Dosing: 20mg/m2/day x7days, 10mg/m2/day x7days, 5mg/m2/day x14days, 2.5mg/m2/day x14days, 1.25mg/m2/day x14days.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Induction Therapy | Experimental | ATG, rabbit: intravenous, 5 mg/kg/dose, 5 consecutive days Dexamethasone: intravenous, 20mg/m2/day x7days, 10mg/m2/day x7days, 5mg/m2/day x14days, 2.5mg/m2/day x14days, 1.25mg/m2/day x14days Etoposide: intravenous, 150 mg/m2 weekly, starting 7 days after first dose of Thymoglobulin Methotrexate and hydrocortisone: intrathecal to patients with central nervous system involvement, age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg, on day 7, 14, 21 and 42 Receives: Drug: ATG, rabbit; Drug: Etoposide; Drug: Methotrexate; Drug: hydrocortisone; Drug: Dexamethasone |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Overall Survival
To determine the overall survival of patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis at 8 weeks after an ATG/etoposide-based induction regimen and to determine the feasibility of this approach in the context of a multicenter clinical trial.
Measured: 8 Weeks
Secondary outcomes (5)
Time to Response
To determine the median time to complete response during 8 weeks of therapy
Measured: 8 Weeks
Overall Survival
To determine overall survival prior to the initiation of BMT (bone marrow transplant) preparative regimen (or day 180, if BMT preparative regimen not yet begun)
Measured: up to day 180
Number of Participants Who Experienced Reactivation
To determine the frequency of disease reactivation prior to initiation of BMT preparative regimen (or day 180, if BMT preparative regimen not yet begun)
Measured: up to 180 days
Overall Survival to Day +100
To determine overall survival to day +100 after BMT, for patients who have undergone BMT within 6 months of study entry
Measured: up to day 280
Disease Status at BMT
To determine the rate of complete response at the time of BMT preparative regimen initiation
Measured: up to day 180
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Apr 2010 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2010
- Primary completionNov 2015
- Study completionApr 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Hemophagocytic LymphohistiocytosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Children's Hospital Medical Center, CincinnatiThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 31 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Michael Jordan, MD, Principal investigator, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01104025
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HIT-HLH
- Status last verified
- Sep 2020
- First submitted
- 13 Apr 2010
- Last updated
- 19 Oct 2020
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Oct 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- An Open Label Phase II Pilot Study of Hybrid ImmunoTherapy(ATG/Dexamethasone/Etoposide) for Hemophagocytic LymphoHistiocytosis:HIT-HLH
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01104025
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HIT-HLH
- Conditions
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Keywords
- hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hybrid immunotherapy, dexamethasone, Etoposide, ATG,rabbit
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 31 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Hospital Medical Center, CincinnatiUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Apr 2010
- Primary completion
- Nov 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Apr 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 15 Apr 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 19 Oct 2020
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Despite good progress during the last decade, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) remains difficult to treat. Two different treatment regimens have been used successfully. The first one, a treatment regimen based on two drugs called etoposide and dexamethasone, has been used worldwide. The second regimen, based on two drugs called Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and prednisone, has been used mostly at one hospital in Paris, for over 15 years. With either regimen, about three quarters of treated children survive the most difficult time, the first two months after diagnosis. These two different regimens appear to work somewhat differently, and we suspect that combining them may give better results than either regimen alone. We are conducting this clinical trial to test the combination of ATG, dexamethasone, and etoposide for the treatment of HLH.
The purpose of this research study is to find out what effects (good and bad) this drug combination has on you and your HLH.
Detailed description
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare immunological disorder first recognized almost 70 years ago.(1) Genetic and animal studies have indicated that the familial form of HLH is clearly due to a deficiency of cytotoxic killing. Patients with HLH present with a potentially fatal syndrome of 'hyperimmunity.' These patients have severe inflammation, associated with cytopenias and variably severe bone marrow, liver, or CNS damage. Tissue damage and mortality appear to be due to hypercytokinemia related to persistent immune hyperactivation. An animal model of HLH and correlative human studies all suggest that excessive and abnormal activation of T cells drives the pathophysiology of this disorder, and that suppressing this excessive activation is critical for successful therapy of HLH. It is believed a combination of the two proven induction regimens for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) (anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)- and etoposide-based) will result in response rates and overall survival rates at eight weeks which are comparable or better than the current standard of care (induction therapy per the HLH-94 protocol).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Induction Therapy | Experimental | Drug: ATG, rabbit, Drug: Etoposide, Drug: Methotrexate, Drug: hydrocortisone, Drug: DexamethasoneATG, rabbit: intravenous, 5 mg/kg/dose, 5 consecutive days Dexamethasone: intravenous, 20mg/m2/day x7days, 10mg/m2/day x7days, 5mg/m2/day x14days, 2.5mg/m2/day x14days, 1.25mg/m2/day x14days Etoposide: intravenous, 150 mg/m2 weekly, starting 7 days after first dose of Thymoglobulin Methotrexate and hydrocortisone: intrathecal to patients with central nervous system involvement, age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg, on day 7, 14, 21 and 42 |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- Up to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
- Patients <18 years of age
- The patient must have active disease at the time of enrollment
- Patient's legal guardians must sign an Institutional Review Board approved consent form indicating their awareness of the investigational nature and the risks of this study.
- Eligible subjects must be enrolled with the protocol coordinating center
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Recent treatment, within 3 months, with another therapeutic regimen for HLH
- Known active malignancy
- Known rheumatologic diagnosis which may be the underlying cause of HLH
- Pregnancy (as determined by serum or urine test) or active breast feeding
- Failure to provide signed informed consent
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ATG, rabbitAlso: ThymoglobulinATG, rabbit (Thymoglobulin, Genzyme) will be dosed at 5 mg/kg/dose, given IV on 5 consecutive days (titrated over 4 to 8 hours). | Drug | Induction Therapy |
| EtoposideAlso: Etopophos, Toposar, VePesidEtoposide will be dosed at 150mg/m2, given IV. The first dose will be given 7 days (+/- 2 days) after the first dose of ATG, and be given weekly for a total of 7 doses. | Drug | Induction Therapy |
| MethotrexateIntrathecal Methotrexate and hydrocortisone will be administered to CNS+ patients (CNS+ patients are those patients which have any of the following: elevated CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) protein or white count, seizures, focal or global neurologic deficit, MRI abnormalities consistent with CNS involvement by HLH.) in the following doses: age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg. It will be administered (+/- 3 days) on day 7, 14, 21 and 42. | Drug | Induction Therapy |
| hydrocortisoneIntrathecal Methotrexate and hydrocortisone will be administered to CNS+ patients (CNS+ patients are those patients which have any of the following: elevated CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) protein or white count, seizures, focal or global neurologic deficit, MRI abnormalities consistent with CNS involvement by HLH.) in the following doses: age< 1 yr: 6/8mg (MTX/HC), 1-2 yrs: 8/10mg, 2-3 yrs: 10/12mg, >3 yrs: 12/15 mg. It will be administered (+/- 3 days) on day 7, 14, 21 and 42. | Drug | Induction Therapy |
| Dexamethasonewill be started with the ATG. It will be divided BID, given IV for at least 1 week before switching to PO. Dosing: 20mg/m2/day x7days, 10mg/m2/day x7days, 5mg/m2/day x14days, 2.5mg/m2/day x14days, 1.25mg/m2/day x14days. | Drug | Induction Therapy |
Primary outcome
Overall Survival
Time frame: 8 Weeks
To determine the overall survival of patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis at 8 weeks after an ATG/etoposide-based induction regimen and to determine the feasibility of this approach in the context of a multicenter clinical trial.
5 secondary outcomes
Time to Response
Time frame: 8 Weeks
Overall Survival
Time frame: up to day 180
Number of Participants Who Experienced Reactivation
Time frame: up to 180 days
Overall Survival to Day +100
Time frame: up to day 280
Disease Status at BMT
Time frame: up to day 180
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Oct 2020.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Michael Jordan, MD principal investigator
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati
15 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing ATG, rabbit, Etoposide and Methotrexate in people with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, run by Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati at 15 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Oct 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 15 sites in United States, Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 19 Oct 2020). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Overall Survival (time frame: 8 Weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Oct 2020.