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Coronary AngiographyNCT07892456

Breathing Meditation and VR Nature Videos in Angiography Patients: Effects on Anxiety, Comfort, and Physiology

A study testing Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos in people with Coronary Angiography and Virtual Reality, run by University of Yalova at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of breathing meditation, accompanied by virtual reality (VR)-enhanced nature videos, on anxiety, comfort, pain, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing angiography. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Coronary Angiography, Virtual Reality, Meditation
What is being tested?
Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
123 participants
Where
1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
Study dates
1 Oct 2026to 1 Dec 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 65 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • • Be between the ages of 18 and 65,
  • Be scheduled to undergo elective coronary angiography,
  • Be alert and able to communicate,
  • Have vision and hearing functions suitable for using the virtual reality application,
  • Cognitive functions must be at a level sufficient to respond to assessment scales,
  • Be able to read and understand Turkish and complete the research questionnaires,
  • Volunteer to participate in the study and sign the written Informed Consent Form.

Who cannot join

  • • Scheduled to undergo emergency coronary angiography,
  • History of epilepsy,
  • Vertigo or severe balance disorder,
  • History of severe claustrophobia,
  • Use of anxiolytics or sedatives within the past 24 hours,
  • Severe vision or hearing loss that would prevent participation in the virtual reality application,
  • Being in a clinical condition that would prevent completion of the application during the study, or wishing to terminate the application during the session due to reasons such as dizziness or nausea.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

NİRAN ÇOBAN contact

05301586912

nirancoban@gmail.com

Aybuke Gündengüne contact

05546198105

aybkkzl@gmail.com

Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
  • Aybuke Gündengüne

    Istanbul, İ̇stanbul, 34959

    Aybuke Gündengüne, 05546198105

    NİRAN ÇOBAN, 05301586912, nirancoban@gmail.com

    Recruiting

Other trials in Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Official title: The Effect of Breathing Meditation Combined With Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos on Anxiety, Comfort, and Physiological Parameters in Angiography Patients

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of breathing meditation, accompanied by virtual reality (VR)-enhanced nature videos, on anxiety, comfort, pain, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing angiography. Prior to the procedure, pain levels in patients in both groups will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS); the State Anxiety Inventory and the General Comfort Scale will be administered; and physiological parameters will be recorded. Patients in the intervention group will be fitted with VR headsets 5 minutes before the start of the angiography procedure and will undergo breathing meditation accompanied by nature videos. Patients in the control group, on the other hand, will receive routine standard nursing care and will not undergo the VR intervention. During the procedure, pain levels and physiological parameters will be assessed in patients from both groups. Following the angiography, the VAS, State Anxiety Inventory, and General Comfort Scale will be re-administered in both groups, and physiological parameters will be recorded again. By comparing the data obtained from both groups at the same measurement points, the effect of VR-supported nature video-guided breathing meditation on patients' anxiety, comfort, pain, and physiological parameters will be determined.

Read the detailed description

Angiography is an invasive diagnostic and interventional procedure that may cause pain, anxiety, and physiological stress responses in patients. These experiences can negatively affect patient comfort and increase psychological distress during the procedure. Non-pharmacological interventions, including breathing meditation and virtual reality (VR)-based applications, may help reduce anxiety and pain while promoting relaxation and comfort. This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on anxiety, comfort, pain, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing angiography.

The study will be conducted between October 2026 and December 2026 in the Coronary Angiography Unit of Koşuyolu High Specialization Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Türkiye. A total of 126 patients scheduled for angiography and meeting the inclusion criteria will be enrolled in the study. Patients will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 63) or the control group (n = 63). Patients in the intervention group will wear virtual reality (VR) goggles and watch nature videos while practicing breathing meditation, beginning 5 minutes before the angiography procedure. Patients in the control group will receive standard nursing care without VR or breathing meditation interventions.

Research data will be collected at the same assessment stages in both groups. Before the procedure, patients' pain levels will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), anxiety levels will be evaluated using the State Anxiety Inventory, and comfort levels will be measured using the General Comfort Questionnaire. Physiological parameters will also be recorded. During the procedure, pain levels and physiological parameters will be assessed. Following angiography, the VAS, State Anxiety Inventory, and General Comfort Questionnaire will be administered again, and physiological parameters will be recorded to evaluate changes following the intervention.

The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the potential effects of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on anxiety, comfort, pain, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing angiography. If effective, this non-invasive and potentially easy-to-implement intervention may be considered a complementary nursing approach to support patient comfort and reduce anxiety during angiography procedures.

Being tested
Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature VideosOther

    Breathing meditation and nature video experience with a virtual reality headset

Study groups in NCT07892456
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Breathing Meditation Combined with VR-Enhanced Nature VideosExperimentalBefore coronary angiography During coronary angiography After coronary angiography
Receives: Other: Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos
Standard careNo interventionBefore coronary angiography During coronary angiography After coronary angiography

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Anxiety

    State Anxiety Inventory: The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) will be used to assess patients' state anxiety before and after angiography. The inventory measures how individuals feel at a particular moment and consists of 20 items, each scored on a 4-point scale ranging from 1 to 4. Some items are reverse scored. Total scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety. The inventory will be administered to patients before and after angiography to evaluate changes in anxiety levels following the intervention.

    Measured: 2 month

  2. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Pain

    Visual Analog Scale (VAS): The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a commonly used unidimensional tool for assessing pain intensity. It consists of a 10-cm (100-mm) line ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). In this study, the VAS will be used to assess patients' pain levels before, during, and after angiography to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on pain intensity.

    Measured: 2 month

  3. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Patient Comfort

    General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ): The General Comfort Questionnaire will be used to assess patients' overall comfort levels before and after angiography. The questionnaire evaluates comfort across physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental dimensions. The Turkish short form consists of 28 items and includes three subscales: relief (9 items), ease (9 items), and transcendence (10 items). Items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale, and negatively worded items are reverse-scored. The total score is divided by the number of items to obtain a mean score ranging from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating greater comfort. The Turkish version demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82. In this study, the questionnaire will be administered before and after angiography to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on patients' comfort levels.

    Measured: 2 month

  4. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Blood Pressure

    Patients' blood pressure values will be recorded to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on blood pressure during angiography. Blood pressure will be measured before, during, and after the angiography procedure in both the intervention and control groups.

    Measured: 2 month

  5. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Pulse Rate

    Patients' pulse rates will be recorded to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on pulse rate during angiography. Pulse rate will be measured before, during, and after the angiography procedure in both the intervention and control groups.

    Measured: 2 month

  6. The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Oxygen Saturation

    Patients' peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) levels will be recorded to evaluate the effect of breathing meditation combined with VR-enhanced nature videos on oxygen saturation during angiography. Oxygen saturation will be measured before, during, and after the angiography procedure in both the intervention and control groups.

    Measured: 2 month

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted23 Oct 2026
  2. Study start1 Oct 2026
  3. Primary completion1 Nov 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
123 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07892456
Sponsor's protocol ID
AGNC
Status last verified
Nov 2026
First submitted
16 Oct 2026
Last updated
4 Nov 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Ferguson C, Davidson PM, Scott PJ, Jackson D, Hickman LD. Augmented reality, virtual reality and gaming: an integral part of nursing. Contemp Nurse. 2015;51(1):1-4. doi: 10.1080/10376178.2015.1130360. Epub 2016 Jan 14. No abstract available.

    PubMed 26678947
  • Hayter M. Nurses' experiences of the effects of mindfulness training: a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis. Prof Inferm. 2021 Oct-Dec;74(4):256. doi: 10.7429/pi.2021.744256a.

    PubMed 35363964
  • Plotzky C, Lindwedel U, Sorber M, Loessl B, Konig P, Kunze C, Kugler C, Meng M. Virtual reality simulations in nurse education: A systematic mapping review. Nurse Educ Today. 2021 Jun;101:104868. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104868. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

    PubMed 33798987
  • van der Riet P, Levett-Jones T, Aquino-Russell C. The effectiveness of mindfulness meditation for nurses and nursing students: An integrated literature review. Nurse Educ Today. 2018 Jun;65:201-211. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.03.018. Epub 2018 Mar 24.

    PubMed 29602138
  • Soylu A, Soylu D. Comparison of Pain, Anxiety, and Comfort Level After Femoral or Transradial Angiography: A Descriptive Study. J Perianesth Nurs. 2025 Oct;40(5):1268-1274. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2025.01.018. Epub 2025 May 29.

    PubMed 40445154

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Breathing Meditation Combined with Virtual Reality-Enhanced Nature Videos in people with Coronary Angiography and Virtual Reality, run by University of Yalova at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact NİRAN ÇOBAN (05301586912, nirancoban@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

The Effect of Breathing Meditation and VR-Enhanced Nature Videos on Anxiety (time frame: 2 month). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07892456, which also lists 5 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Nov 2026.

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