Intravenous Blood SamplingNCT07892365
The Effect of Chewing Gum on Pain and State Anxiety During Intravenous Blood Sampling
A study testing Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedure in people with Intravenous Blood Sampling and Pain and Anxiety, run by Dicle University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chewing gum during intravenous blood sampling on pain and anxiety levels in individuals. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Intravenous Blood Sampling, Pain and Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedure
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 170 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 24 Nov 2025to 22 May 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Volunteers who agreed to participate in the study,
- Individuals who will undergo intravenous blood sampling,
- Aged between 18-65,
- Those who have the cognitive ability to understand and answer the questions during the study,
- Individuals who have not had any blood sampling experience in the past month were included in the study.
Who cannot join
- Individuals with any anatomical or functional issues related to the mouth, jaw, temporomandibular joint, or dental health,
- Those with neurological disorders or conditions that could hinder chewing, such as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia),
- Anyone with any skin or vascular problems in the area where the procedure will be done,
- Those with a history of psychiatric medication use or a diagnosed anxiety disorder,
- Individuals who have taken analgesic medication for any reason in the past 24 hours were not included in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Gercüş Family Health Center in Batman
Batman, Gercüş
About this study
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chewing gum during intravenous blood sampling on pain and anxiety levels in individuals.
Read the detailed description
The sample consisted of 170 individuals (85 in the experimental group and 85 in the control group) who attended the Gercüş Family Health Center in Batman between November 2025 and May 2026, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria.
- Conditions
- Intravenous Blood Sampling, Pain and Anxiety
- Being tested
- Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedure
- Keywords
- Intravenous Blood Sampling, Chewing Gum, pain, anxiety, nursing
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedureProcedure or surgery
Participants in the experimental group chewed gum during the intravenous blood sampling procedure. Participants in the control group underwent the routine blood sampling procedure without chewing gum. Pain and state anxiety levels were assessed before and after the procedure using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Chewing Gum | Experimental | Participants in the experimental group chewed gum during intravenous blood sampling Receives: Procedure: Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedure |
| no gum chewing allowed | No intervention | whereas those in the control group received routine care. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
pain level-Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Pain level was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the intravenous blood sampling procedure in both the experimental and control groups. The Visual Analog Scale, used to measure pain intensity, is a one-dimensional scale measuring 0-10 cm (0-100 mm) in length. 0 cm means no pain, 10 cm means unbearable pain. As the score increases, the pain intensity increases. On the scale, 0-4 mm is defined as 'no pain', 4-6 mm is defined as 'slight pain', 7-9 mm is defined as 'moderate pain', 10 mm is defined as 'severe pain'.
Measured: Before and immediately after the intravenous blood sampling procedure.
state anxiety level- state anxiety inventory(STAI-I)
State anxiety was assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) before and after the intravenous blood sampling procedure in both the experimental and control groups. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) uses a four-point Likert scale (1: Not at all, 2: Somewhat, 3: Very much, 4: Completely). Directly scored items reflect negative emotions, whereas reverse-scored items reflect positive emotions. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) includes 10 reverse-scored items (items 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20) (140, 148). The total score ranges from 20 to 80, with scores of 20-39 indicating mild anxiety, 40-59 indicating moderate anxiety, and 60-79 indicating high anxiety. Scores of 60 or above are considered indicative of a need for professional support.
Measured: Before and immediately after the intravenous blood sampling procedure.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Oct 2026
- Study start24 Nov 2025
- Primary completion22 May 2026
- Study completion22 May 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Intravenous Blood SamplingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chewing gum during intravenous blood sampling on pain and anxiety levels in individuals.This study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 170 individuals (85 in the experimental group and 85 in the control group) who attended the Gercüş Family Health Center in Batman between November 2025 and May 2026, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator
- Enrolment
- 170 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Dicle University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Tuğba Uğur, Dicle University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07892365
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TU2026/5
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Chewing Gum on Pain and State Anxiety During Intravenous Blood Sampling
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07892365
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TU2026/5
- Conditions
- Intravenous Blood Sampling, Pain and Anxiety
- Keywords
- Intravenous Blood Sampling, Chewing Gum, pain, anxiety, nursing
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 170 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Dicle UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 24 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 22 May 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 22 May 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 23 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chewing gum during intravenous blood sampling on pain and anxiety levels in individuals.
Detailed description
The sample consisted of 170 individuals (85 in the experimental group and 85 in the control group) who attended the Gercüş Family Health Center in Batman between November 2025 and May 2026, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chewing gum during intravenous blood sampling on pain and anxiety levels in individuals.This study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 170 individuals (85 in the experimental group and 85 in the control group) who attended the Gercüş Family Health Center in Batman between November 2025 and May 2026, agreed to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Chewing Gum | Experimental | Procedure: Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedureParticipants in the experimental group chewed gum during intravenous blood sampling |
| no gum chewing allowed | No intervention | –whereas those in the control group received routine care. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Volunteers who agreed to participate in the study,
- Individuals who will undergo intravenous blood sampling,
- Aged between 18-65,
- Those who have the cognitive ability to understand and answer the questions during the study,
- Individuals who have not had any blood sampling experience in the past month were included in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Individuals with any anatomical or functional issues related to the mouth, jaw, temporomandibular joint, or dental health,
- Those with neurological disorders or conditions that could hinder chewing, such as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia),
- Anyone with any skin or vascular problems in the area where the procedure will be done,
- Those with a history of psychiatric medication use or a diagnosed anxiety disorder,
- Individuals who have taken analgesic medication for any reason in the past 24 hours were not included in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedureParticipants in the experimental group chewed gum during the intravenous blood sampling procedure. Participants in the control group underwent the routine blood sampling procedure without chewing gum. Pain and state anxiety levels were assessed before and after the procedure using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I). | Procedure or surgery | Chewing Gum |
Primary outcome
pain level-Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intravenous blood sampling procedure.
Pain level was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the intravenous blood sampling procedure in both the experimental and control groups. The Visual Analog Scale, used to measure pain intensity, is a one-dimensional scale measuring 0-10 cm (0-100 mm) in length. 0 cm means no pain, 10 cm means unbearable pain. As the score increases, the pain intensity increases. On the scale, 0-4 mm is defined as 'no pain', 4-6 mm is defined as 'slight pain', 7-9 mm is defined as 'moderate pain', 10 mm is defined as 'severe pain'.
state anxiety level- state anxiety inventory(STAI-I)
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intravenous blood sampling procedure.
State anxiety was assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) before and after the intravenous blood sampling procedure in both the experimental and control groups. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) uses a four-point Likert scale (1: Not at all, 2: Somewhat, 3: Very much, 4: Completely). Directly scored items reflect negative emotions, whereas reverse-scored items reflect positive emotions. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) includes 10 reverse-scored items (items 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20) (140, 148). The total score ranges from 20 to 80, with scores of 20-39 indicating mild anxiety, 40-59 indicating moderate anxiety, and 60-79 indicating high anxiety. Scores of 60 or above are considered indicative of a need for professional support.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Intravenous Blood Sampling
Enrolling by invitation
TruVascular Access - Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access Study
Peripheral Venous Catheterization, Difficult Intravenous Access
Enrolling by invitation
Magic Show Featuring "Kuco" for Pain and Fear During Invasive Procedures
Procedure-Related Pain, Procedure-Related Fear
Active, not recruitingObservational study
A New Landmark-formula for Cephalic Vein in Children
Venipuncture, Ultrasound
Not yet recruiting
Evaluation of A-DIVA Score Effectiveness at Admission for Preserving Venous Capital in Patients With Difficult Access
Internal Medicine, Surgery
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Chewing gum was done during the intravenous blood draw procedure in people with Intravenous Blood Sampling and Pain and Anxiety, run by Dicle University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
pain level-Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (time frame: Before and immediately after the intravenous blood sampling procedure.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Oct 2026.