EducationNCT07870382
Muscle Activation Learning Techniques
A study testing verbal education, verbal education+ palpation and verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback in people with Education and Contraction, run by Necmettin Erbakan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different muscle activation learning techniques-taught to university students with no prior training in this area-on academic achievement and perceived learning. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Education, Contraction, Muscle Activation
- What is being tested?
- verbal education, verbal education+ palpation and verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 7 Oct 2026to 7 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- First-year students
- Willingness to participate
- No comprehension difficulties
Who cannot join
- Those who do not follow the given instructions
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
Konya, Konya, (507) 534-6142
About this study
Official title: The Effects of Muscle Activation Learning Techniques on Academic Success and Perceived Learning in University Students.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different muscle activation learning techniques-taught to university students with no prior training in this area-on academic achievement and perceived learning. Male and female first-year university students who volunteered to participate were included in the study. A sociodemographic assessment form, an academic achievement inventory, and a perceived learning scale were administered to the volunteers as pre-tests. The volunteers were randomly assigned to three groups. Muscle contraction methods were to be taught to the first group via verbal instruction; to the second group via verbal instruction combined with palpation; and to the third group via verbal instruction combined with palpation and surface EMG. The training was designed to last approximately two months, with pre- and post-training assessments to be repeated.
- Conditions
- Education, Contraction, Muscle Activation, Biofeedback Training
- Being tested
- verbal education, verbal education+ palpation, verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
verbal educationBehavioural
The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks.
verbal education+ palpationBehavioural
The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation.
verbal education+ palpation+ EMG BiofeedbackBehavioural
The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. Following verbal explanation and palpation, the contraction ability of the superficial muscles will be demonstrated using EMG-biofeedback. All procedures will be carried out over a period of 8 weeks.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| verbal education | Experimental | The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. Receives: Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation; Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback |
| verbal education + palpation | Active comparator | The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. Receives: Behavioral: verbal education; Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback |
| verbal education + palpation +EMG Biofeedback | Active comparator | The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. Following verbal explanation and palpation, the contraction ability of the superficial muscles will be demonstrated using EMG-biofeedback. All procedures will be carried out over a period of 8 weeks. Receives: Behavioral: verbal education; Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Academic Achievement Inventory
The scale was originally developed by Prevatt et al. (2011) to measure individuals' academic success, and its Turkish adaptation was conducted by Orçanlı et al. (2021). While the original scale consisted of 50 items and 10 sub-dimensions, one sub-dimension was removed following analyses during the Turkish adaptation process. The adapted scale comprises a total of 46 items and 9 sub-dimensions: General academic skills, perceived instructor competence, intrinsic motivation/confidence, personal adjustment, extrinsic motivation/future, socialization, career decidedness, freedom from anxiety, and concentration. The scale utilizes a 7-point Likert-type format, with scoring ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The reliability and validity coefficient for the Turkish-adapted scale was calculated as 0.93 (Orçanlı et al., 2021).
Measured: baseline, 8 weeks later
Secondary outcomes (1)
Perceived Learning Scale
It is a scale developed by Albayrak et al. (2015). The developed scale consists of five items structured as a five-point Likert scale and exhibits a single-factor structure. Scores on the scale range from 5 to 25. The internal consistency coefficient for the five-item scale is reported as .92. In this study, perceived learning was treated as the dependent variable. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient for the Perceived Learning Scale used in the study was calculated, and the Cronbach's alpha value was found to be .96 (Albayrak et al., 2015).
Measured: baseline, 8 weeks later
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Oct 2026
- Study start7 Oct 2026
- Primary completion7 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion7 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Necmettin Erbakan University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, hanife dogan, Necmettin Erbakan University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07870382
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- akademikbasarı
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 6 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 13 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of Muscle Activation Learning Techniques on Academic Success and Perceived Learning in University Students.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07870382
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- akademikbasarı
- Conditions
- Education, Contraction, Muscle Activation, Biofeedback Training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Enrolling by invitation
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Necmettin Erbakan UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 7 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 7 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 7 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different muscle activation learning techniques-taught to university students with no prior training in this area-on academic achievement and perceived learning. Male and female first-year university students who volunteered to participate were included in the study. A sociodemographic assessment form, an academic achievement inventory, and a perceived learning scale were administered to the volunteers as pre-tests. The volunteers were randomly assigned to three groups. Muscle contraction methods were to be taught to the first group via verbal instruction; to the second group via verbal instruction combined with palpation; and to the third group via verbal instruction combined with palpation and surface EMG. The training was designed to last approximately two months, with pre- and post-training assessments to be repeated.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| verbal education | Experimental | Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation, Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation+ EMG BiofeedbackThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. |
| verbal education + palpation | Active comparator | Behavioral: verbal education, Behavioral: verbal education+ palpation+ EMG BiofeedbackThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. |
| verbal education + palpation +EMG Biofeedback | Active comparator | Behavioral: verbal education, Behavioral: verbal education+ palpationThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. Following verbal explanation and palpation, the contraction ability of the superficial muscles will be demonstrated using EMG-biofeedback. All procedures will be carried out over a period of 8 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- First-year students
- Willingness to participate
- No comprehension difficulties
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Those who do not follow the given instructions
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| verbal educationThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. | Behavioural | verbal education + palpation, verbal education + palpation +EMG Biofeedback |
| verbal education+ palpationThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. | Behavioural | verbal education, verbal education + palpation +EMG Biofeedback |
| verbal education+ palpation+ EMG BiofeedbackThe anatomical and physiological characteristics of the muscles (muscles of the trunk, upper extremities, and lower extremities) will be explained. A researcher will present this information verbally (using illustrated presentations) over a period of eight weeks. There will be practical sessions where the muscles being discussed are demonstrated individually via palpation and students perform the practice themselves. The combined verbal and palpation sessions will span a total of eight weeks. The muscles are demonstrated via palpation immediately following the verbal explanation. Following verbal explanation and palpation, the contraction ability of the superficial muscles will be demonstrated using EMG-biofeedback. All procedures will be carried out over a period of 8 weeks. | Behavioural | verbal education, verbal education + palpation |
Primary outcome
Academic Achievement Inventory
Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks later
The scale was originally developed by Prevatt et al. (2011) to measure individuals' academic success, and its Turkish adaptation was conducted by Orçanlı et al. (2021). While the original scale consisted of 50 items and 10 sub-dimensions, one sub-dimension was removed following analyses during the Turkish adaptation process. The adapted scale comprises a total of 46 items and 9 sub-dimensions: General academic skills, perceived instructor competence, intrinsic motivation/confidence, personal adjustment, extrinsic motivation/future, socialization, career decidedness, freedom from anxiety, and concentration. The scale utilizes a 7-point Likert-type format, with scoring ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The reliability and validity coefficient for the Turkish-adapted scale was calculated as 0.93 (Orçanlı et al., 2021).
1 secondary outcome
Perceived Learning Scale
Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks later
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Oct 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing verbal education, verbal education+ palpation and verbal education+ palpation+ EMG Biofeedback in people with Education and Contraction, run by Necmettin Erbakan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: enrolling by invitation, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Academic Achievement Inventory (time frame: baseline, 8 weeks later). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Oct 2026.