ICU PatientsNCT07820839
Digital Stimulation and Anxiety and Sleep Quality in Intensive Care Unit Patients
A study testing Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation in people with ICU Patients, run by Cumhuriyet University.
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of digital visual and auditory stimulation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). The questions to be answered within the scope of the research are: Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- ICU Patients
- What is being tested?
- Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 70 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 14 Sep 2026to 21 Feb 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 years and above
- Conscious [Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)] ≥ 14)
- Not connected to mechanical ventilation or receiving non-invasive support
- Hearing and visual functions are sufficient
- No communication problems
- Able to answer questions correctly
- Not under sedation
- Expected to stay in the ICU for at least 48 hours
Who cannot join
- Having a hearing or visual impairment
- Being under sedation
- Having impaired consciousness
- Refusing to participate in the study
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation on Anxiety and Sleep Quality in Patients Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of digital visual and auditory stimulation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).
The questions to be answered within the scope of the research are:
Read more
Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on anxiety levels? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on sleep quality? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a combined effect on anxiety levels and sleep quality?
Participants will:
The patients will be divided into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Sleep quality and anxiety levels will be measured after the digital visual and auditory stimuli.
The control group will continue with routine intensive care unit follow-up treatments.
Read the detailed description
Patients in the intervention group will be administered a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale as pre-tests. Following this, for three consecutive days, the research nurse will show the patient nature images (landscapes, lakes, mountains, etc.) via tablet for approximately 20-30 minutes once a day in the mornings when the patient is available. While watching the images, Johann Sebastian Bach's instrumental classical music pieces (60-80 bpm) will be played through headphones. The pieces to be used as digital visual and auditory stimuli will be selected by the art therapy specialist in the study. During the intervention, patients' vital signs and clinical condition will be closely monitored, and the intervention will be terminated if any discomfort, hemodynamic instability, or intolerance to the procedure develops. The digital visual and auditory stimulus application will continue under the same conditions for three days, and at the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as post-tests. Control Group Patients in the control group will also be administered the Demographic Information Form, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not undergo any intervention during the study period, and their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. At the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as a final test, simultaneously with the intervention group.
- Conditions
- ICU Patients
- Being tested
- Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Digital Visual and Auditory StimulationOther
Visually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group: Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation | Experimental | Patients in the intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Visually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones. As a pre-test, patients in the intervention group will complete a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. These scales will also be administered as a post-test on the third day. Receives: Other: Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation |
| Control Group: Usual Care | No intervention | Patients in the control group will also be administered the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not receive any intervention during the study; their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. The scales will be administered simultaneously with the intervention group at the end of the third day. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ)
The Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSS) is a scale developed by Richards in 1987 to assess the quality of nocturnal sleep in patients. Adapted into Turkish by Özlü and Özer, and subsequently validated and its reliability studied, the scale consists of six items that evaluate the depth of nocturnal sleep, time to fall asleep, frequency of awakenings, duration of wakefulness, quality of sleep, and ambient noise level. Each item is evaluated on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 to 100. A score of "0-25" indicates very poor sleep, while a score of "76-100" indicates very good sleep. As the scale score increases, the patients' sleep quality also improves. The Cronbach's α value of the scale was determined to be 0.82.
Measured: The sleep questionnaire will be administered upon admission to the intensive care unit on the first day of the study and at the end of the third day of the intervention.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Developed by Zigmond and Snaith (1983) to determine a patient's risk of anxiety and depression, and to measure their level and severity, the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish were established by Aydemir et al. (1997). The scale contains 14 questions in total, with odd numbers measuring anxiety and even numbers measuring depression. The scale consists of two subscales: Anxiety (HAD-A) and Depression (HAD-D). In the validity and reliability study, the cutoff score for HAD-A was found to be 10/11, and for HAD-D, 7/8. Accordingly, scores above these points are considered at risk. The scale is a four-point Likert type, with a total score ranging from 0 to 42.
Measured: The scale will be administered as a first test during the initial interview at the beginning of the study and as a final test during the final interview at the end of the third day.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Sep 2026
- Study start14 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion14 Feb 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion21 Feb 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for ICU PatientsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Care provider
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Cumhuriyet University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Esra Baser Akin, Cumhuriyet University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07820839
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 12.08.2026-50534
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 6 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 15 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Richards K. Techniques for measurement of sleep in critical care. Focus Crit Care. 1987 Aug;14(4):34-40. No abstract available.
PubMed 3650169Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.
PubMed 6880820
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation on Anxiety and Sleep Quality in Patients Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07820839
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 12.08.2026-50534
- Conditions
- ICU Patients
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Cumhuriyet UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 14 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 14 Feb 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 21 Feb 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 15 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of digital visual and auditory stimulation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).
The questions to be answered within the scope of the research are:
Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on anxiety levels? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on sleep quality? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a combined effect on anxiety levels and sleep quality?
Participants will:
The patients will be divided into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Sleep quality and anxiety levels will be measured after the digital visual and auditory stimuli.
The control group will continue with routine intensive care unit follow-up treatments.
Detailed description
Patients in the intervention group will be administered a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale as pre-tests. Following this, for three consecutive days, the research nurse will show the patient nature images (landscapes, lakes, mountains, etc.) via tablet for approximately 20-30 minutes once a day in the mornings when the patient is available. While watching the images, Johann Sebastian Bach's instrumental classical music pieces (60-80 bpm) will be played through headphones. The pieces to be used as digital visual and auditory stimuli will be selected by the art therapy specialist in the study. During the intervention, patients' vital signs and clinical condition will be closely monitored, and the intervention will be terminated if any discomfort, hemodynamic instability, or intolerance to the procedure develops. The digital visual and auditory stimulus application will continue under the same conditions for three days, and at the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as post-tests. Control Group Patients in the control group will also be administered the Demographic Information Form, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not undergo any intervention during the study period, and their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. At the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as a final test, simultaneously with the intervention group.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (care provider)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group: Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation | Experimental | Other: Digital Visual and Auditory StimulationPatients in the intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Visually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones. As a pre-test, patients in the intervention group will complete a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. These scales will also be administered as a post-test on the third day. |
| Control Group: Usual Care | No intervention | –Patients in the control group will also be administered the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not receive any intervention during the study; their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. The scales will be administered simultaneously with the intervention group at the end of the third day. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- 18 years and above
- Conscious [Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)] ≥ 14)
- Not connected to mechanical ventilation or receiving non-invasive support
- Hearing and visual functions are sufficient
- No communication problems
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Having a hearing or visual impairment
- Being under sedation
- Having impaired consciousness
- Refusing to participate in the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Digital Visual and Auditory StimulationVisually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones. | Other | Intervention Group: Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation |
Primary outcome
Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ)
Time frame: The sleep questionnaire will be administered upon admission to the intensive care unit on the first day of the study and at the end of the third day of the intervention.
The Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSS) is a scale developed by Richards in 1987 to assess the quality of nocturnal sleep in patients. Adapted into Turkish by Özlü and Özer, and subsequently validated and its reliability studied, the scale consists of six items that evaluate the depth of nocturnal sleep, time to fall asleep, frequency of awakenings, duration of wakefulness, quality of sleep, and ambient noise level. Each item is evaluated on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 to 100. A score of "0-25" indicates very poor sleep, while a score of "76-100" indicates very good sleep. As the scale score increases, the patients' sleep quality also improves. The Cronbach's α value of the scale was determined to be 0.82.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Time frame: The scale will be administered as a first test during the initial interview at the beginning of the study and as a final test during the final interview at the end of the third day.
Developed by Zigmond and Snaith (1983) to determine a patient's risk of anxiety and depression, and to measure their level and severity, the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish were established by Aydemir et al. (1997). The scale contains 14 questions in total, with odd numbers measuring anxiety and even numbers measuring depression. The scale consists of two subscales: Anxiety (HAD-A) and Depression (HAD-D). In the validity and reliability study, the cutoff score for HAD-A was found to be 10/11, and for HAD-D, 7/8. Accordingly, scores above these points are considered at risk. The scale is a four-point Likert type, with a total score ranging from 0 to 42.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Sep 2026.
- Background: PubMed 3650169Richards K. Techniques for measurement of sleep in critical care. Focus Crit Care. 1987 Aug;14(4):34-40. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 6880820Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.
- Karaman Özlü, Z., \& Özer, N. (2015). Richard-Campbell Uyku Ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Uyku Tıbbı Dergisi, 2(2), 29-32Link provided by the sponsor.
- Aydemir, Ö., Güvenir, T., Küey, L., \& Kültür, S. (1997). Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 8(4), 280-287.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation in people with ICU Patients, run by Cumhuriyet University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Esra Başer Akın (+90 538 478 06 60, esra_baser568@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) (time frame: The sleep questionnaire will be administered upon admission to the intensive care unit on the first day of the study and at the end of the third day of the intervention.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07820839, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Sep 2026.