Postprandial Carotenoid ResponseNCT07795372
Effect of Co-consuming Different Dietary Protein Sources With Salad on the Bioavailability of Carotenoids
A study testing Salad only, Salad + Chicken and Salad + Tuna in people with Postprandial Carotenoid Response, run by National University of Singapore at 1 site in Singapore.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if different protein types will affect carotenoid responses in humans when co-consumed with salad. The main questions it aims to answer are: What are the effect of dietary protein co-consumption with salad on postprandial carotenoid levels in Singapore adults? Do different… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Postprandial Carotenoid Response
- What is being tested?
- Salad only, Salad + Chicken and Salad + Tuna
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 19 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSingapore
- Study dates
- Sep 2026to Feb 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- English-literate and able to give informed consent
- Singaporean Adults aged 21 to 45 (inclusive)
- Body mass index of 18.5 to 23.0 kg/m2 (inclusive)
- At least 50 kg
- Healthy (based on screening results)
Who cannot join
- Currently participating in another clinical study that involves altering regular diet and/or involves consuming a dietary supplement or investigated food product as an intervention
- High blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg)
- Underlying health conditions that may affect metabolic functions
- Consuming carotenoid supplements regularly (i.e., more than three times a week) for the past 3 months, and not willing to discontinue consumption 3 months before and during the study duration
- Weight change > 3 kg in the past 3 months
- Exercising vigorously over the past 3 months (i.e., engaging in high-intensity exercises for more than 3 hours a week, where high-intensity exercises leave one out of breath and unable to talk or sing during the workout)
Show all 21Show fewer
- Current smokers or have quit smoking for less than 5 years
- Drinking > 2 alcoholic drinks per day (i.e., one drink is defined as either 150 ml of wine, 340 ml of beer/cider or 45 ml of distilled spirit)
- If drinking ≤ 2 alcoholic drinks per day, not willing to stop consumption of alcoholic beverages two days before and on the day of the test visits
- Not willing to stop consumption of caffeinated beverages 10 to 12 hours before and on the day of the test visits
- Currently on a specialised diet (e.g., vegetarian, vegan, weight loss diet)
- Had serious food allergies in the past, or having intolerance, sensitivities or allergies to any of the following: soy/soy-derived products, eggs, fish and crustaceans, starch/starch-derived products (e.g., rice, corn, wheat, potato), gluten
- Disease or impairment of the liver
- Currently diagnosed with diabetes, gastrointestinal issues (e.g., lactose intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome), gout and/or G6PD deficiency
- Taking antibiotics 2 weeks prior to study participation
- Taking anti-hypertensive or cholesterol-lowering drugs for less than 3 years unless medically declared by an official doctor to be in stable condition
- Poor peripheral venous access based on past experiences with blood drawing
- Individuals with pacemaker or related electrical medical devices
- Pregnant, lactating, or planning pregnancy in the next 6 months
- Have donated blood (whole blood or apheresis) or participated in any other clinical study or trial requiring blood draws within the last 3 months
- Clinical anemia (hemoglobin <12.0 g/dL in women and <13.0 g/dL in men)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Singapore1 site
NUS, Department of Food Science and Technology, 1 Science Drive 3, Block S13, #03-07, Singapore, 117542
Singapore, 117542
Wei Xi Khu, B.Sc., +65 93598952, E0773498@u.nus.edu
Jung Eun Kim, Ph.D., R.D.
About this study
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if different protein types will affect carotenoid responses in humans when co-consumed with salad. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- What are the effect of dietary protein co-consumption with salad on postprandial carotenoid levels in Singapore adults?
- Do different whole-food protein sources enhance the bioavailability of carotenoids in Singapore adults?
Participants will:
Consume salad with a form of protein (chicken, tuna, egg, soybean) Have their postprandial plasma carotenoid and triglyceride outcomes evaluated
Read the detailed description
This study will be a single-blind, randomized, crossover acute trial, and all participants will complete an approximately 3-month study period. A total of 19 participants will be recruited and go through all 5 arms (4 intervention and 1 control), with the order randomized. The study will comprise 1 screening visit and 5 test visits, with another 5 compliance visits.
- Conditions
- Postprandial Carotenoid Response
- Being tested
- Salad only, Salad + Chicken, Salad + Tuna, Salad + Egg, Salad + Soybean
- Keywords
- Plasma carotenoid, Protein Type
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Salad onlyOther
Control group, consumption of only salad
Salad + ChickenOther
Consumption of salad with chicken
Salad + TunaOther
Consumption of salad with tuna
Salad + EggOther
Consumption of salad with egg
Salad + SoybeanOther
Consumption of salad with soybean
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Salad only | Placebo comparator | Salad only (no protein) Receives: Other: Salad only |
| Salad + Chicken | Experimental | Salad with chicken Receives: Other: Salad + Chicken |
| Salad + Tuna | Experimental | Salad with tuna Receives: Other: Salad + Tuna |
| Salad + Egg | Experimental | Salad with egg Receives: Other: Salad + Egg |
| Salad + Soybean | Experimental | Salad with soybeans Receives: Other: Salad + Soybean |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Concentration of plasma carotenoids
Concentration of plasma carotenoids hourly
Measured: From start of salad consumption to the end of acute period (8 hours)
Concentration of blood triglycerides
Postprandial triglyceride response
Measured: From start of salad consumption to the end of acute period (8 hours)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Aug 2026
- Study startSep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completionFeb 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionFeb 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Postprandial Carotenoid ResponseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National University of SingaporeThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator
- Enrolment
- 19 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National University of Singapore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jung Eun Kim, National University of Singapore
- Investigators
- Jung Eun Kim, Ph.D., R.D., Principal investigator, National University of Singapore, Department of Food Science and Technology
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07795372
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- S37
- Other IDs
- NUS-IRB-2026-590
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 26 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 2 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Electronic copies of the data with identifiable participant information will be kept on NUS OneDrive with access limited only to Dr Kim Jung Eun and her research staff. All data will be de-identified prior to statistical analyses.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Co-consuming Different Dietary Protein Sources With Salad on the Bioavailability of Carotenoids
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07795372
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- S37
- Conditions
- Postprandial Carotenoid Response
- Keywords
- Plasma carotenoid, Protein Type
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 19 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- National University of SingaporeUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- Feb 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Feb 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 31 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if different protein types will affect carotenoid responses in humans when co-consumed with salad. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- What are the effect of dietary protein co-consumption with salad on postprandial carotenoid levels in Singapore adults?
- Do different whole-food protein sources enhance the bioavailability of carotenoids in Singapore adults?
Participants will:
Consume salad with a form of protein (chicken, tuna, egg, soybean) Have their postprandial plasma carotenoid and triglyceride outcomes evaluated
Detailed description
This study will be a single-blind, randomized, crossover acute trial, and all participants will complete an approximately 3-month study period. A total of 19 participants will be recruited and go through all 5 arms (4 intervention and 1 control), with the order randomized. The study will comprise 1 screening visit and 5 test visits, with another 5 compliance visits.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (investigator)
- Number of arms
- 5
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Salad only | Placebo comparator | Other: Salad onlySalad only (no protein) |
| Salad + Chicken | Experimental | Other: Salad + ChickenSalad with chicken |
| Salad + Tuna | Experimental | Other: Salad + TunaSalad with tuna |
| Salad + Egg | Experimental | Other: Salad + EggSalad with egg |
| Salad + Soybean | Experimental | Other: Salad + SoybeanSalad with soybeans |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- English-literate and able to give informed consent
- Singaporean Adults aged 21 to 45 (inclusive)
- Body mass index of 18.5 to 23.0 kg/m2 (inclusive)
- At least 50 kg
- Healthy (based on screening results)
Key exclusion criteria (21 listed)
- Currently participating in another clinical study that involves altering regular diet and/or involves consuming a dietary supplement or investigated food product as an intervention
- High blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg)
- Underlying health conditions that may affect metabolic functions
- Consuming carotenoid supplements regularly (i.e., more than three times a week) for the past 3 months, and not willing to discontinue consumption 3 months before and during the study duration
- Weight change > 3 kg in the past 3 months
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Salad onlyControl group, consumption of only salad | Other | Salad only |
| Salad + ChickenConsumption of salad with chicken | Other | Salad + Chicken |
| Salad + TunaConsumption of salad with tuna | Other | Salad + Tuna |
| Salad + EggConsumption of salad with egg | Other | Salad + Egg |
| Salad + SoybeanConsumption of salad with soybean | Other | Salad + Soybean |
Primary outcome
Concentration of plasma carotenoids
Time frame: From start of salad consumption to the end of acute period (8 hours)
Concentration of plasma carotenoids hourly
Concentration of blood triglycerides
Time frame: From start of salad consumption to the end of acute period (8 hours)
Postprandial triglyceride response
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Electronic copies of the data with identifiable participant information will be kept on NUS OneDrive with access limited only to Dr Kim Jung Eun and her research staff. All data will be de-identified prior to statistical analyses.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Jung Eun Kim, Ph.D., R.D. principal investigator
National University of Singapore, Department of Food Science and Technology
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Salad only, Salad + Chicken and Salad + Tuna in people with Postprandial Carotenoid Response, run by National University of Singapore at 1 site in Singapore.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 21 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Wei Xi Khu, B.Sc. (+65 9359 8952, E0773498@u.nus.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Concentration of plasma carotenoids (time frame: From start of salad consumption to the end of acute period (8 hours)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Sep 2026.