Acute BronchiolitisIJV-BRONCHNCT07778225
Internal Jugular Vein Respiratory Variability as a Marker of Disease Severity in Infant Bronchiolitis
An observational study of Acute Bronchiolitis and Viral Bronchiolitis, run by Eskisehir Osmangazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This prospective observational cohort study evaluates whether respiratory-cycle variation in internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter, measured by point-of-care ultrasound, correlates with clinical disease severity in infants 1-23 months of age presenting with acute bronchiolitis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 1 month to 23 months
- Conditions the study is for
- Acute Bronchiolitis, Viral Bronchiolitis, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
- What is being tested?
- Point-of-Care Ultrasonography
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2026to 31 Aug 2027
- How long will I take part?
- 1 Month
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 1 month to 23 months
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Study population: Infants aged 1 to 23 months presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department with a clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) clinical criteria will be prospectively enrolled. Eligible participants will be evaluated within the first 6 hours of emergency department presentation after written informed consent is obtained from a parent or legal guardian. Participants will undergo standardized clinical severity assessment and point-of-care ultrasonography of the internal jugular vein, lungs, and diaphragm in addition to routine clinical care. No study-specific therapeutic intervention will be assigned.
Who may be able to join
- Infants aged 1-23 months
- Clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis per AAP (2014) criteria (first wheezing episode following an upper respiratory infection prodrome, with tachypnea, retractions, and/or crackles)
- Written informed consent obtained from parent/legal guardian
- Evaluable within the first 6 hours of emergency department presentation
Who cannot join
- Underlying congenital heart disease
- Chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cystic fibrosis)
- Prior history of recurrent wheezing/suspected asthma
- Anatomical abnormality of the neck or prior history of central venous catheterization or jugular vein thrombosis
- Hemodynamic instability/shock
- Immediate need for intubation/mechanical ventilation precluding ultrasound assessment
- Parent/legal guardian declines consent
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Emergency Department
Eskişehir, Eskişehir, 26480
Emre Güngör, Medical Doctor, +90 222 239 2979 ext. 5214, emre.gungor@ogu.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: Respiratory Variation of Internal Jugular Vein Diameter as a Novel Ultrasonographic Marker of Disease Severity in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
This prospective observational cohort study evaluates whether respiratory-cycle variation in internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter, measured by point-of-care ultrasound, correlates with clinical disease severity in infants 1-23 months of age presenting with acute bronchiolitis. Using a standardized M-mode protocol, the IJV Variability Index ([IJVmax-IJVmin]/IJVmax x 100) will be calculated and compared with the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score, four additional validated clinical severity instruments (Modified Tal Score, Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument, Kristjansson Respiratory Score, Respiratory Assessment Change Score), oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, need for high-flow nasal cannula or supplemental oxygen, pediatric intensive care unit admission, and length of hospital stay. Concurrent lung and diaphragm point-of-care ultrasound will be performed to build a multimodal ultrasound severity model. No intervention is assigned; all ultrasound assessments are performed in addition to standard clinical care and do not alter treatment decisions.
Read the detailed description
Bronchiolitis is among the leading causes of hospitalization in infants under 2 years of age. Existing clinical severity scores show limited inter-observer agreement and weak correlation with oxygenation. Point-of-care ultrasound (lung ultrasound, diaphragm ultrasound) has been studied as an adjunct severity marker in bronchiolitis. Still, respiratory-cycle variability of the internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter has not previously been investigated in this population. A prior reliability study in healthy children demonstrated that right internal jugular vein (RIJV) diameter can be reliably measured by M-mode ultrasound and does not vary significantly across the respiratory cycle in the absence of respiratory distress; the study authors explicitly proposed that RIJV diameter and its respiratory variation be investigated as a surrogate marker of pulmonary function in children with respiratory distress. This study extends that proposed application to infants with acute bronchiolitis. Eligible infants aged 1-23 months meeting AAP (2014) clinical criteria for acute bronchiolitis will undergo a standardized ultrasound protocol (45-degree head elevation, linear probe, right internal jugular vein imaged approximately 1 cm cephalad to the sternoclavicular junction, B-mode identification followed by M-mode measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory diameters) performed by a blinded, trained sonographer. We will record concurrent clinical severity scoring, lung ultrasound, and diaphragm ultrasound (excursion, thickening fraction). The primary analysis will test the correlation between the IJV Variability Index and the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score; secondary analyses will examine correlations with additional validated severity scores, physiologic parameters, and clinical outcomes (respiratory support escalation, length of stay), as well as inter-/intra-observer reliability and the discriminative performance of a multimodal point-of-care ultrasound model.
- Being tested
- Point-of-Care Ultrasonography
- Keywords
- bronchiolitis, point-of-care ultrasound, internal jugular vein, lung ultrasound, pediatric emergency medicine
- Medical subject headings
- Bronchiolitis, Viral, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Bronchiolitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Point-of-Care UltrasonographyDiagnostic test
Also called POCUS
A standardized point-of-care ultrasonography assessment will be performed in addition to routine clinical evaluation. The protocol includes M-mode assessment of the right internal jugular vein (IJV) to measure maximal and minimal respiratory-cycle diameters and calculate the IJV Variability Index ([IJVmax-IJVmin]/IJVmax × 100). Concurrent lung ultrasonography and diaphragm ultrasonography, including diaphragm excursion and thickening fraction, will also be performed. Ultrasonographic assessments are performed for research measurements only and do not determine or modify clinical treatment decisions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Bronchiolitis Cohort | Infants aged 1-23 months diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis per AAP (2014) clinical practice guideline criteria, undergoing a standardized point-of-care ultrasound assessment (internal jugular vein, lung, and diaphragm) in addition to standard clinical evaluation and treatment. No intervention is assigned as part of this study; the cohort will be stratified post hoc by clinical severity scores for descriptive and exploratory subgroup analyses. Receives: Diagnostic Test: Point-of-Care Ultrasonography |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Correlation Between Internal Jugular Vein Respiratory Variability Index and Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score
Correlation between the Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) Variability Index and the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score. The IJV Variability Index will be calculated as ([IJVmax - IJVmin] / IJVmax) × 100, where IJVmax and IJVmin represent the maximum and minimum IJV diameters measured during the respiratory cycle. The Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. The association will be quantified using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients, as appropriate.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Secondary outcomes (8)
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Oxygen Saturation, Respiratory Rate, and Retraction Severity
Correlation between the IJV Variability Index and oxygen saturation (SpO2, %), respiratory rate (breaths/minute), and the retraction component of the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score. The retraction component ranges from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more severe retractions.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Need for High-Flow Nasal Cannula or Supplemental Oxygen Therapy
Comparison of baseline IJV Variability Index between infants who require and do not require high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or supplemental oxygen therapy during hospitalization.
Measured: From enrollment through hospital discharge, assessed up to approximately 7 days
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admission
Comparison of baseline IJV Variability Index between infants admitted and not admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) during hospitalization.
Measured: From enrollment through hospital discharge, assessed up to approximately 7 days
Correlation Between Diaphragm Ultrasound Parameters and IJV Variability Index and Clinical Severity Scores
Correlation of diaphragm excursion, diaphragm thickening fraction, and inspiratory/expiratory ratio with the IJV Variability Index and clinical severity scores. Clinical severity measures will include the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score (range 0-12), Modified Tal Score (range 0-12), Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (range 0-17), and Kristjansson Respiratory Score (range 0-10). For all four clinical severity scores, higher scores indicate greater disease or respiratory distress severity.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Modified Tal Score
Correlation between the IJV Variability Index and the Modified Tal Score. The Modified Tal Score ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater bronchiolitis severity.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument
Correlation between the IJV Variability Index and the Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (RDAI). The RDAI assesses wheezing and retractions and ranges from 0 to 17, with higher scores indicating greater respiratory distress.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Respiratory Assessment Change Score
Association between the baseline IJV Variability Index and the Respiratory Assessment Change Score (RACS). RACS quantifies change in respiratory status using the change in the Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument together with a standardized change in respiratory rate between baseline and follow-up assessment. RACS is a change measure rather than a bounded scale and therefore does not have a fixed theoretical minimum or maximum.
Measured: Baseline and 2-4 hours after enrollment
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Kristjansson Respiratory Score
Correlation between the IJV Variability Index and the Kristjansson Respiratory Score. The Kristjansson Respiratory Score ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater respiratory disease severity.
Measured: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Aug 2026
- Study start1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Aug 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Acute BronchiolitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
- Target duration
- 1 Month
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Emre Güngör, Eskisehir Osmangazi University
- Investigators
- Emre Güngör, Medical Doctor, Principal investigator, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07778225
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IJVBRONCH-2026-01
- Acronym
- IJV-BRONCH
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 21 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: The plan for sharing de-identified individual participant data has not yet been finalized. A data-sharing decision will be made before publication, taking into account participant confidentiality, ethics committee requirements, institutional policies, and applicable data protection regulations.
Publications
Right Internal Jugular Ultrasound Measurements during the Respiratory Cycle in Children Journal Authors: AM IsacoffDJ McLarioKP CrossAR O'HaganBJ HollandDJ LorenzMD Stevenson DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2016.540 ABSTRACT Background: Point of care ultrasound could be useful as a non-invasive objective measure of throughout the respiratory cycle. Objective: To determine the reliability of measurements of the right internal jugular vein (RIJV). Methods: We performed a prospective observation study of children aged 6-17 years. Using M-mode ultrasonography one centimeter cephalad from the clavicle, triplicate measurements were recorded during inhalation and exhalation with the head straight ahead and 45 degrees leftward. Results: Among the 40 enrolled subjects, mean diameters ± standard deviations of the RIJV (cm) were: maximum inhalation with head straight ahead (0.53 ± 0.18), leftward (0.78 ± 0.22); maximum exhalation with head straight ahead (0.54 ± 0.19), leftward (0.79 ± 0.22). Intraclass correlation coefficients were all significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The RIJV diameter can be reliably measured during the respiratory cycle; measures are larger with head turned 45 degrees leftward. Received: 28 Oct, 2016 Accepted: 03 Jan, 2017
Giorno EPC, Foronda FK, De Paulis M, Bou Ghosn DSN, Couto TB, Sa FVM, Fraga AMA, Farhat SCL, Preto-Zamperlini M, Schvartsman C. Point-of-care lung ultrasound score for predicting escalated care in children with respiratory distress. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Jun;68:112-118. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.02.035. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
PubMed 36966586Bilgili B, Haliloglu M, Tugtepe H, Umuroglu T. The Assessment of Intravascular Volume with Inferior Vena Cava and Internal Jugular Vein Distensibility Indexes in Children Undergoing Urologic Surgery. J Invest Surg. 2018 Dec;31(6):523-528. doi: 10.1080/08941939.2017.1364806. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
PubMed 28952826Jayasimha K, Liu W, Hanna W. Use of Internal Jugular Vein POCUS to Assess Intravascular Volume Status: A Study in Critically Ill Pediatric Post-Operative Cardiac Patients. POCUS J. 2025 Nov 17;10(2):109-114. doi: 10.24908/pocusj.v10i02.18249. eCollection 2025 Nov.
PubMed 41322171McCallum GB, Morris PS, Wilson CC, Versteegh LA, Ward LM, Chatfield MD, Chang AB. Severity scoring systems: are they internally valid, reliable and predictive of oxygen use in children with acute bronchiolitis? Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013 Aug;48(8):797-803. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22627. Epub 2012 Sep 4.
PubMed 22949369Fernandes RM, Plint AC, Terwee CB, Sampaio C, Klassen TP, Offringa M, van der Lee JH. Validity of bronchiolitis outcome measures. Pediatrics. 2015 Jun;135(6):e1399-408. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-3557. Epub 2015 May 18.
PubMed 25986025Sik N, Citlenbik H, Ozturk A, Yilmaz D, Duman M. Point of care diaphragm ultrasound in acute bronchiolitis: A measurable tool to predict the clinical, sonographic severity of the disease, and outcomes. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021 May;56(5):1053-1059. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25268. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
PubMed 33442908Curinha F, Fernandes A, Pinto C, Dionisio MT. Thoracic Ultrasound in Pediatric Intensive Care: A Valuable Tool for Children with Acute Bronchiolitis. Acta Med Port. 2026 Apr 1;39(4):271-280. doi: 10.20344/amp.24309. Epub 2026 Apr 1.
PubMed 41945906Drum B, La Course B, Kelly M, York A, Worrall E, Martins J, Johnson S, Liles EA Jr. Does This Patient Have Volume Overload?: The Rational Clinical Examination. JAMA. 2026 Apr 7;335(13):1159-1168. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.0446.
PubMed 41729549Wang EE, Milner R, Allen U, Maj H. Bronchodilators for treatment of mild bronchiolitis: a factorial randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 1992 Mar;67(3):289-93. doi: 10.1136/adc.67.3.289.
PubMed 1533504Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, Alverson BK, Baley JE, Gadomski AM, Johnson DW, Light MJ, Maraqa NF, Mendonca EA, Phelan KJ, Zorc JJ, Stanko-Lopp D, Brown MA, Nathanson I, Rosenblum E, Sayles S 3rd, Hernandez-Cancio S; American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov;134(5):e1474-502. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2742.
PubMed 25349312
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Respiratory Variation of Internal Jugular Vein Diameter as a Novel Ultrasonographic Marker of Disease Severity in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07778225
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IJV-BRONCH / IJVBRONCH-2026-01
- Keywords
- bronchiolitis, point-of-care ultrasound, internal jugular vein, lung ultrasound, pediatric emergency medicine
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Eskisehir Osmangazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 21 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This prospective observational cohort study evaluates whether respiratory-cycle variation in internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter, measured by point-of-care ultrasound, correlates with clinical disease severity in infants 1-23 months of age presenting with acute bronchiolitis. Using a standardized M-mode protocol, the IJV Variability Index ([IJVmax-IJVmin]/IJVmax x 100) will be calculated and compared with the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score, four additional validated clinical severity instruments (Modified Tal Score, Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument, Kristjansson Respiratory Score, Respiratory Assessment Change Score), oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, need for high-flow nasal cannula or supplemental oxygen, pediatric intensive care unit admission, and length of hospital stay. Concurrent lung and diaphragm point-of-care ultrasound will be performed to build a multimodal ultrasound severity model. No intervention is assigned; all ultrasound assessments are performed in addition to standard clinical care and do not alter treatment decisions.
Detailed description
Bronchiolitis is among the leading causes of hospitalization in infants under 2 years of age. Existing clinical severity scores show limited inter-observer agreement and weak correlation with oxygenation. Point-of-care ultrasound (lung ultrasound, diaphragm ultrasound) has been studied as an adjunct severity marker in bronchiolitis. Still, respiratory-cycle variability of the internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter has not previously been investigated in this population. A prior reliability study in healthy children demonstrated that right internal jugular vein (RIJV) diameter can be reliably measured by M-mode ultrasound and does not vary significantly across the respiratory cycle in the absence of respiratory distress; the study authors explicitly proposed that RIJV diameter and its respiratory variation be investigated as a surrogate marker of pulmonary function in children with respiratory distress. This study extends that proposed application to infants with acute bronchiolitis. Eligible infants aged 1-23 months meeting AAP (2014) clinical criteria for acute bronchiolitis will undergo a standardized ultrasound protocol (45-degree head elevation, linear probe, right internal jugular vein imaged approximately 1 cm cephalad to the sternoclavicular junction, B-mode identification followed by M-mode measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory diameters) performed by a blinded, trained sonographer. We will record concurrent clinical severity scoring, lung ultrasound, and diaphragm ultrasound (excursion, thickening fraction). The primary analysis will test the correlation between the IJV Variability Index and the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score; secondary analyses will examine correlations with additional validated severity scores, physiologic parameters, and clinical outcomes (respiratory support escalation, length of stay), as well as inter-/intra-observer reliability and the discriminative performance of a multimodal point-of-care ultrasound model.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Target follow-up
- 1 Month
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Bronchiolitis Cohort | – | Diagnostic Test: Point-of-Care UltrasonographyInfants aged 1-23 months diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis per AAP (2014) clinical practice guideline criteria, undergoing a standardized point-of-care ultrasound assessment (internal jugular vein, lung, and diaphragm) in addition to standard clinical evaluation and treatment. No intervention is assigned as part of this study; the cohort will be stratified post hoc by clinical severity scores for descriptive and exploratory subgroup analyses. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 1 month to 23 months
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
- Study population
- Infants aged 1 to 23 months presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department with a clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) clinical criteria will be prospectively enrolled. Eligible participants will be evaluated within the first 6 hours of emergency department presentation after written informed consent is obtained from a parent or legal guardian. Participants will undergo standardized clinical severity assessment and point-of-care ultrasonography of the internal jugular vein, lungs, and diaphragm in addition to routine clinical care. No study-specific therapeutic intervention will be assigned.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Infants aged 1-23 months
- Clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis per AAP (2014) criteria (first wheezing episode following an upper respiratory infection prodrome, with tachypnea, retractions, and/or crackles)
- Written informed consent obtained from parent/legal guardian
- Evaluable within the first 6 hours of emergency department presentation
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Underlying congenital heart disease
- Chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cystic fibrosis)
- Prior history of recurrent wheezing/suspected asthma
- Anatomical abnormality of the neck or prior history of central venous catheterization or jugular vein thrombosis
- Hemodynamic instability/shock
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Point-of-Care UltrasonographyAlso: POCUSA standardized point-of-care ultrasonography assessment will be performed in addition to routine clinical evaluation. The protocol includes M-mode assessment of the right internal jugular vein (IJV) to measure maximal and minimal respiratory-cycle diameters and calculate the IJV Variability Index ([IJVmax-IJVmin]/IJVmax × 100). Concurrent lung ultrasonography and diaphragm ultrasonography, including diaphragm excursion and thickening fraction, will also be performed. Ultrasonographic assessments are performed for research measurements only and do not determine or modify clinical treatment decisions. | Diagnostic test | Acute Bronchiolitis Cohort |
Primary outcome
Correlation Between Internal Jugular Vein Respiratory Variability Index and Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Correlation between the Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) Variability Index and the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score. The IJV Variability Index will be calculated as ([IJVmax - IJVmin] / IJVmax) × 100, where IJVmax and IJVmin represent the maximum and minimum IJV diameters measured during the respiratory cycle. The Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. The association will be quantified using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients, as appropriate.
8 secondary outcomes
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Oxygen Saturation, Respiratory Rate, and Retraction Severity
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Need for High-Flow Nasal Cannula or Supplemental Oxygen Therapy
Time frame: From enrollment through hospital discharge, assessed up to approximately 7 days
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admission
Time frame: From enrollment through hospital discharge, assessed up to approximately 7 days
Correlation Between Diaphragm Ultrasound Parameters and IJV Variability Index and Clinical Severity Scores
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Modified Tal Score
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Association Between IJV Variability Index and Respiratory Assessment Change Score
Time frame: Baseline and 2-4 hours after enrollment
Correlation Between IJV Variability Index and Kristjansson Respiratory Score
Time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Aug 2026.
- BackgroundRight Internal Jugular Ultrasound Measurements during the Respiratory Cycle in Children Journal Authors: AM IsacoffDJ McLarioKP CrossAR O'HaganBJ HollandDJ LorenzMD Stevenson DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2016.540 ABSTRACT Background: Point of care ultrasound could be useful as a non-invasive objective measure of throughout the respiratory cycle. Objective: To determine the reliability of measurements of the right internal jugular vein (RIJV). Methods: We performed a prospective observation study of children aged 6-17 years. Using M-mode ultrasonography one centimeter cephalad from the clavicle, triplicate measurements were recorded during inhalation and exhalation with the head straight ahead and 45 degrees leftward. Results: Among the 40 enrolled subjects, mean diameters ± standard deviations of the RIJV (cm) were: maximum inhalation with head straight ahead (0.53 ± 0.18), leftward (0.78 ± 0.22); maximum exhalation with head straight ahead (0.54 ± 0.19), leftward (0.79 ± 0.22). Intraclass correlation coefficients were all significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The RIJV diameter can be reliably measured during the respiratory cycle; measures are larger with head turned 45 degrees leftward. Received: 28 Oct, 2016 Accepted: 03 Jan, 2017
- Background: PubMed 36966586Giorno EPC, Foronda FK, De Paulis M, Bou Ghosn DSN, Couto TB, Sa FVM, Fraga AMA, Farhat SCL, Preto-Zamperlini M, Schvartsman C. Point-of-care lung ultrasound score for predicting escalated care in children with respiratory distress. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Jun;68:112-118. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.02.035. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
- Background: PubMed 28952826Bilgili B, Haliloglu M, Tugtepe H, Umuroglu T. The Assessment of Intravascular Volume with Inferior Vena Cava and Internal Jugular Vein Distensibility Indexes in Children Undergoing Urologic Surgery. J Invest Surg. 2018 Dec;31(6):523-528. doi: 10.1080/08941939.2017.1364806. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
- Background: PubMed 41322171Jayasimha K, Liu W, Hanna W. Use of Internal Jugular Vein POCUS to Assess Intravascular Volume Status: A Study in Critically Ill Pediatric Post-Operative Cardiac Patients. POCUS J. 2025 Nov 17;10(2):109-114. doi: 10.24908/pocusj.v10i02.18249. eCollection 2025 Nov.
- Background: PubMed 22949369McCallum GB, Morris PS, Wilson CC, Versteegh LA, Ward LM, Chatfield MD, Chang AB. Severity scoring systems: are they internally valid, reliable and predictive of oxygen use in children with acute bronchiolitis? Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013 Aug;48(8):797-803. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22627. Epub 2012 Sep 4.
- Background: PubMed 25986025Fernandes RM, Plint AC, Terwee CB, Sampaio C, Klassen TP, Offringa M, van der Lee JH. Validity of bronchiolitis outcome measures. Pediatrics. 2015 Jun;135(6):e1399-408. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-3557. Epub 2015 May 18.
- Background: PubMed 33442908Sik N, Citlenbik H, Ozturk A, Yilmaz D, Duman M. Point of care diaphragm ultrasound in acute bronchiolitis: A measurable tool to predict the clinical, sonographic severity of the disease, and outcomes. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021 May;56(5):1053-1059. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25268. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
- Background: PubMed 41945906Curinha F, Fernandes A, Pinto C, Dionisio MT. Thoracic Ultrasound in Pediatric Intensive Care: A Valuable Tool for Children with Acute Bronchiolitis. Acta Med Port. 2026 Apr 1;39(4):271-280. doi: 10.20344/amp.24309. Epub 2026 Apr 1.
- Background: PubMed 41729549Drum B, La Course B, Kelly M, York A, Worrall E, Martins J, Johnson S, Liles EA Jr. Does This Patient Have Volume Overload?: The Rational Clinical Examination. JAMA. 2026 Apr 7;335(13):1159-1168. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.0446.
- Background: PubMed 1533504Wang EE, Milner R, Allen U, Maj H. Bronchodilators for treatment of mild bronchiolitis: a factorial randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 1992 Mar;67(3):289-93. doi: 10.1136/adc.67.3.289.
- Background: PubMed 25349312Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, Alverson BK, Baley JE, Gadomski AM, Johnson DW, Light MJ, Maraqa NF, Mendonca EA, Phelan KJ, Zorc JJ, Stanko-Lopp D, Brown MA, Nathanson I, Rosenblum E, Sayles S 3rd, Hernandez-Cancio S; American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov;134(5):e1474-502. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2742.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. The plan for sharing de-identified individual participant data has not yet been finalized. A data-sharing decision will be made before publication, taking into account participant confidentiality, ethics committee requirements, institutional policies, and applicable data protection regulations.
Related trials for Acute Bronchiolitis
Active, not recruiting
Impact of Exercise on the Complications of Corticosteroids in Patients With GVHD: the RESTART Trial
Graft Vs Host Disease, Acute-graft-versus-host Disease
Recruiting
Dental Cleaning to Prevent Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease, Acute Graft Versus Host Disease
RecruitingPhase 1
A Preliminary Clinical Study on the Efficacy of Cyclophosphamide and Sirolimus Combined With VIC-1911 in Preventing Graft-versus-Host Disease After Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
GVHD (Acute or Chronic)
Active, not recruitingPhase 4
CINC424A2X01B Rollover Protocol
Primary Myelofibrosis, Polycythemia Vera
Recruiting
Respiratory Physiotherapy and Hospitalization in Infants With Bronchiolitis
Acute Viral Bronchiolitis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Emre Güngör, Medical Doctor principal investigator
Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Acute Bronchiolitis and Viral Bronchiolitis, run by Eskisehir Osmangazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Emre Güngör, Medical Doctor (+90 222 239 2979 ext. 5214, emre.gungor@ogu.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Correlation Between Internal Jugular Vein Respiratory Variability Index and Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score (time frame: At enrollment (baseline, within 6 hours of emergency department presentation)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07778225, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Aug 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 26 Oct 2026.