VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care TrainingVRNCT07771062
Virtual Reality and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training
A study testing Training in people with VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, run by Sakarya University.
Trial summary
The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 22 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training
- What is being tested?
- Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2026to 30 Nov 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 22 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being a graduate with a bachelor's degree in nursing
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Have graduated from a vocational high school specializing in healthcare or have completed a program in the healthcare field.
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: A Comparison of Virtual Reality and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training With Routine Practice: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses. The study will evaluate whether these different educational methods affect nurses' knowledge, psychomotor skills, attitudes toward diabetic foot care, and satisfaction with the training.
Read the detailed description
To compare the effectiveness of VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Do VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional role-play training differ in their effects on nurses' knowledge of diabetic foot care?
- Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' psychomotor skills related to diabetic foot wound care?
- Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care?
- Do nurses' satisfaction levels differ according to the training method they receive?
Researchers will compare nurses assigned to the VR simulation group, the moulage simulation group, and the conventional role-play group to determine whether VR and moulage-based simulation provide greater educational benefits than conventional role-play training.
- Conditions
- VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training
- Being tested
- Training
- Keywords
- virtual reality, moulage, simulation, diabetic wound care, nurse, training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TrainingOther
Training on diabetic foot wound care
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Moulage Simulation | Experimental | Training on diabetic wound care will be provided using moulage simulation techniques on high-fidelity simulators. Receives: Other: Training |
| Virtual Reality Simulation | Experimental | Training on diabetic foot ulcer care will be provided using VR headsets. Receives: Other: Training |
| Conventional Training | No intervention | Following the theoretical training they receive through conventional teaching methods, they will apply their wound care skills using low-fidelity simulators. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Diabetic Foot Knowledge Test
It consists of a total of 20 questions developed by researchers in accordance with the literature on diabetic foot care and designed to assess the level of knowledge regarding diabetic foot care.
Measured: 3 months
Attitude Scale Towards Diabetic Foot Care
The scale, which consists of three sections, is a 10-item measure that evaluates nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care; it is the third section of a scale designed to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding diabetic wounds and their care. On the five-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = undecided, 4 = agree, 5 = strongly agree), the best attitude is scored as 5 points, and the worst attitude is scored as 1 point. The lowest possible total score on the scale is 10 and the highest is 50; a higher score indicates that the nurse has a more positive attitude toward diabetic foot care. The Cronbach's alpha value for the original scale was 0.728, while the Turkish adaptation study found it to be 0.89.
Measured: 3 months
Diabetic Foot Wound Care Protocol Checklist
This was developed by researchers in accordance with the literature. The steps will be finalized after being reviewed by experts. It is a checklist used to assess participants' skills in diabetic foot ulcer care. Each item is scored as either 0 or 1. Participants will receive 1 point for the relevant item when they perform the procedure step, and 0 points if they are unable to perform it. The literature indicates that a participant is considered successful if this score equals 70% of the total score and is classified as having successfully completed the training.
Measured: 3 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Satisfaction Status
This was created to allow participants to rate their satisfaction with the training. Using a visual analog scale (0 = Not at all satisfied, 10 = Very satisfied), they will be able to evaluate the training by assigning a score between 0 and 10.
Measured: 3 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Aug 2026
- Study start1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Nov 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Sakarya UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Care provider
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sakarya University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Health Institutes of Turkey
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ramazan Bozkurt, MSc, Principal investigator, Sakarya University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07771062
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- E-61923333-050.99-516489
- Acronym
- VR
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 13 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 18 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
McCluskey P, McCarthy G. Nurses' knowledge and competence in wound management. Wounds. 2012; 8, 37-47.
Ferreira, AM, Rigotti MA, da Silva Barcelos L, Simão CMF, Ferreira DN, & Gonçalves RQ. Knowledge and practice of nurses about care for patients with wounds. Journal of Research in Fundamental Care. 2014; 6:1178-1190.
Abate TW, Enyew A, Gebrie F, Bayuh H. Nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot care in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2020 Nov 23;6(11):e05552. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05552. eCollection 2020 Nov.
PubMed 33294694Kumarasinghe SA, Hettiarachchi P, Wasalathanthri S. Nurses' knowledge on diabetic foot ulcer disease and their attitudes towards patients affected: A cross-sectional institution-based study. J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e203-e212. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13917. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
PubMed 28618043Thomas Hess C. Checklist for factors affecting wound healing. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2011 Apr;24(4):192. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000396300.04173.ec. No abstract available.
PubMed 21422844
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Comparison of Virtual Reality and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training With Routine Practice: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07771062
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VR / E-61923333-050.99-516489
- Conditions
- VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training
- Keywords
- virtual reality, moulage, simulation, diabetic wound care, nurse, training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Sakarya UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Health Institutes of Turkey
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 18 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses. The study will evaluate whether these different educational methods affect nurses' knowledge, psychomotor skills, attitudes toward diabetic foot care, and satisfaction with the training.
Detailed description
To compare the effectiveness of VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Do VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional role-play training differ in their effects on nurses' knowledge of diabetic foot care?
- Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' psychomotor skills related to diabetic foot wound care?
- Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care?
- Do nurses' satisfaction levels differ according to the training method they receive?
Researchers will compare nurses assigned to the VR simulation group, the moulage simulation group, and the conventional role-play group to determine whether VR and moulage-based simulation provide greater educational benefits than conventional role-play training.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (care provider)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Moulage Simulation | Experimental | Other: TrainingTraining on diabetic wound care will be provided using moulage simulation techniques on high-fidelity simulators. |
| Virtual Reality Simulation | Experimental | Other: TrainingTraining on diabetic foot ulcer care will be provided using VR headsets. |
| Conventional Training | No intervention | –Following the theoretical training they receive through conventional teaching methods, they will apply their wound care skills using low-fidelity simulators. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 22 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Being a graduate with a bachelor's degree in nursing
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Have graduated from a vocational high school specializing in healthcare or have completed a program in the healthcare field.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TrainingTraining on diabetic foot wound care | Other | Moulage Simulation, Virtual Reality Simulation |
Primary outcome
Diabetic Foot Knowledge Test
Time frame: 3 months
It consists of a total of 20 questions developed by researchers in accordance with the literature on diabetic foot care and designed to assess the level of knowledge regarding diabetic foot care.
Attitude Scale Towards Diabetic Foot Care
Time frame: 3 months
The scale, which consists of three sections, is a 10-item measure that evaluates nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care; it is the third section of a scale designed to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding diabetic wounds and their care. On the five-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = undecided, 4 = agree, 5 = strongly agree), the best attitude is scored as 5 points, and the worst attitude is scored as 1 point. The lowest possible total score on the scale is 10 and the highest is 50; a higher score indicates that the nurse has a more positive attitude toward diabetic foot care. The Cronbach's alpha value for the original scale was 0.728, while the Turkish adaptation study found it to be 0.89.
Diabetic Foot Wound Care Protocol Checklist
Time frame: 3 months
This was developed by researchers in accordance with the literature. The steps will be finalized after being reviewed by experts. It is a checklist used to assess participants' skills in diabetic foot ulcer care. Each item is scored as either 0 or 1. Participants will receive 1 point for the relevant item when they perform the procedure step, and 0 points if they are unable to perform it. The literature indicates that a participant is considered successful if this score equals 70% of the total score and is classified as having successfully completed the training.
1 secondary outcome
Satisfaction Status
Time frame: 3 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Aug 2026.
- Results publicationMcCluskey P, McCarthy G. Nurses' knowledge and competence in wound management. Wounds. 2012; 8, 37-47.
- Results publicationFerreira, AM, Rigotti MA, da Silva Barcelos L, Simão CMF, Ferreira DN, & Gonçalves RQ. Knowledge and practice of nurses about care for patients with wounds. Journal of Research in Fundamental Care. 2014; 6:1178-1190.
- Results publication: PubMed 33294694Abate TW, Enyew A, Gebrie F, Bayuh H. Nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot care in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2020 Nov 23;6(11):e05552. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05552. eCollection 2020 Nov.
- Results publication: PubMed 28618043Kumarasinghe SA, Hettiarachchi P, Wasalathanthri S. Nurses' knowledge on diabetic foot ulcer disease and their attitudes towards patients affected: A cross-sectional institution-based study. J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e203-e212. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13917. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
- Results publication: PubMed 21422844Thomas Hess C. Checklist for factors affecting wound healing. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2011 Apr;24(4):192. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000396300.04173.ec. No abstract available.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Ramazan Bozkurt, MSc principal investigator
Sakarya University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Training in people with VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, run by Sakarya University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ramazan Bozkurt, MSc (+902542956607, ramazanbozkurt@sakarya.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Diabetic Foot Knowledge Test (time frame: 3 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07771062, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Aug 2026.