Developmental DelayNCT07756931
Effects of Rainbow Parachute Games on UE Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in Children With Developmental Delay
A study testing Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities in people with Developmental Delay, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Conducted as a randomized trial, this study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on upper extremity strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. Participants will be randomly divided experimental and control groups. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 5 to 8 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Developmental Delay
- What is being tested?
- Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 12 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 28 Oct 2025to 15 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 5 to 8 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Children aged 5-8 years.
- Diagnosed with motor developmental Delay.
- Both Girls and Boys will be Included.
Who cannot join
- Severe Physical Disability.
- Uncontrolled medical Health conditions that contraindicate Physical activity.
- Severe Visual or Auditory impairments that limit engagement in group activities.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Riphah International University
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
About this study
Official title: Effects of Rainbow Parachute Games on Upper Extremity Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in Children With Developmental Delay
Conducted as a randomized trial, this study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on upper extremity strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. Participants will be randomly divided experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Outcomes measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)" for upper extremity strength and Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS version 2023 to determine the Intervention's effects.
Read the detailed description
Children with developmental delay often experience challenges in Physical and Social-emotional domains, which can affect their overall growth and daily functioning. Addressing these deficits early through engaging and structured interventions is essential for promoting developmental progress and enhancing quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Rainbow Parachute Games on Upper Extremity Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in children with developmental delay.
The study design will be a Randomized controlled trial.12children age ranged from 5-8years with developmental delays will be randomly assigned either into an experimental group (n=6) or control group (n=6). The intervention "Rainbow parachute games" will be performed for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 35-40min. Control group includes Rhyming activities, duration for control group activity will be 20min. All the referred participants will be assessed for the eligibility criteria. Guardians of participants will be asked to sign the consent forms before entering them to the study. Upper Extremity Strength will be measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)". Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)".
- Conditions
- Developmental Delay
- Being tested
- Rainbow parachute Games, Rhyming Activities
- Keywords
- upper extremity, developmental delay, grip strength
- Medical subject headings
- Learning Disabilities
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Rainbow parachute GamesOther
Also called Rhyming Activities
Group A : The participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute. Activities like Make waves, Treasure under the sea, Mushroom, Cat and mouse, Paracute Tug will be performed and pre and post results will be analysed
Rhyming ActivitiesOther
Group B : Participants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities) | Experimental | The participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute Receives: Other: Rainbow parachute Games; Other: Rhyming Activities |
| Group B: Control Group (Rhyming Activities) | Experimental | Participants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins Receives: Other: Rhyming Activities |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Social-Emotional skills by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a 25-item behavioral screening tool for children and young people aged 2 to 17. It uses a 3-point response scale ("Not True," "Somewhat True," and "Certainly True") mapped across five subscales, a Total Difficulties score, and an Impact score
Measured: 8 weeks
Upper Extremity Strength by Pediatric Arm Function Test
Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) will be used to access upper extremity strength, The Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) is scored by trained occupational therapists who evaluate video recordings of a child (typically ages 2 to 12 with hemiparesis) completing specific functional and play tasks. It uses two primary sub-scales: the Functional Ability scale (rating movement quality/execution of the more-affected arm) and the Limb Preference scale (calculating the percentage of tasks spontaneously attempted with that arm)
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Aug 2026
- Study start28 Oct 2025
- Primary completion25 Jun 2026
- Study completion15 Jul 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Developmental DelayStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on physical strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. In a randomized controlled trial, 12 children are divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Upper Extremity Strength will be measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)". Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)".
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Arooj Abid, MS-PPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07756931
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/25/0703
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 11 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Brian A, Pennell A, Taunton S, Starrett A, Howard-Shaughnessy C, Goodway JD, Wadsworth D, Rudisill M, Stodden D. Motor Competence Levels and Developmental Delay in Early Childhood: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in the USA. Sports Med. 2019 Oct;49(10):1609-1618. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01150-5.
PubMed 31301035
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Rainbow Parachute Games on Upper Extremity Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in Children With Developmental Delay
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07756931
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/25/0703
- Conditions
- Developmental Delay
- Keywords
- upper extremity, developmental delay, grip strength
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 12 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Jul 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Conducted as a randomized trial, this study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on upper extremity strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. Participants will be randomly divided experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Outcomes measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)" for upper extremity strength and Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS version 2023 to determine the Intervention's effects.
Detailed description
Children with developmental delay often experience challenges in Physical and Social-emotional domains, which can affect their overall growth and daily functioning. Addressing these deficits early through engaging and structured interventions is essential for promoting developmental progress and enhancing quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Rainbow Parachute Games on Upper Extremity Strength and Social-Emotional Skills in children with developmental delay.
The study design will be a Randomized controlled trial.12children age ranged from 5-8years with developmental delays will be randomly assigned either into an experimental group (n=6) or control group (n=6). The intervention "Rainbow parachute games" will be performed for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 35-40min. Control group includes Rhyming activities, duration for control group activity will be 20min. All the referred participants will be assessed for the eligibility criteria. Guardians of participants will be asked to sign the consent forms before entering them to the study. Upper Extremity Strength will be measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)". Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)".
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study examines the impact of rainbow parachute games on physical strength and social-emotional skills in children (ages 5-8) with developmental delays. In a randomized controlled trial, 12 children are divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performs parachute activities for 8 weeks, while the control group does rhyming activities. Upper Extremity Strength will be measured by "Hand held Dynamometer" and "Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT)". Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)".
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities) | Experimental | Other: Rainbow parachute Games, Other: Rhyming ActivitiesThe participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute |
| Group B: Control Group (Rhyming Activities) | Experimental | Other: Rhyming ActivitiesParticipants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 5 to 8 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children aged 5-8 years.
- Diagnosed with motor developmental Delay.
- Both Girls and Boys will be Included.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Severe Physical Disability.
- Uncontrolled medical Health conditions that contraindicate Physical activity.
- Severe Visual or Auditory impairments that limit engagement in group activities.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Rainbow parachute GamesAlso: Rhyming ActivitiesGroup A : The participants in this group will receive both the Rhyming activities and Rainbow parachute game activities. Rhyming activities will be performed first, participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 min. After Rhyming activities, Parachute activities will be performed in 25-30min. Intervention will be given for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week). Each session will take 45-50 mins. The intervention consists of different play activities with Rainbow parachute. Activities like Make waves, Treasure under the sea, Mushroom, Cat and mouse, Paracute Tug will be performed and pre and post results will be analysed | Other | Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities) |
| Rhyming ActivitiesGroup B : Participants in the control group will perform Rhyming activities participants will clap or make patterns with hands in air on the words that rhyme, once they're already familiar with the text (Little mouse, The bird), directions will be given and shown how to wave and make patterns with variations and rhythm these activities will be performed for 20 mins. | Other | Group A : Intervention Group (Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities), Group B: Control Group (Rhyming Activities) |
Primary outcome
Social-Emotional skills by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
Time frame: 8 weeks
Social-Emotional skills will be measured by "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)". The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a 25-item behavioral screening tool for children and young people aged 2 to 17. It uses a 3-point response scale ("Not True," "Somewhat True," and "Certainly True") mapped across five subscales, a Total Difficulties score, and an Impact score
Upper Extremity Strength by Pediatric Arm Function Test
Time frame: 8 weeks
Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) will be used to access upper extremity strength, The Pediatric Arm Function Test (PAFT) is scored by trained occupational therapists who evaluate video recordings of a child (typically ages 2 to 12 with hemiparesis) completing specific functional and play tasks. It uses two primary sub-scales: the Functional Ability scale (rating movement quality/execution of the more-affected arm) and the Limb Preference scale (calculating the percentage of tasks spontaneously attempted with that arm)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Aug 2026.
- Background: PubMed 31301035Brian A, Pennell A, Taunton S, Starrett A, Howard-Shaughnessy C, Goodway JD, Wadsworth D, Rudisill M, Stodden D. Motor Competence Levels and Developmental Delay in Early Childhood: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in the USA. Sports Med. 2019 Oct;49(10):1609-1618. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01150-5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Arooj Abid, MS-PPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Rainbow parachute Games and Rhyming Activities in people with Developmental Delay, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Social-Emotional skills by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07756931, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Aug 2026.