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Physical InactivityNCT07718113

Exercise Snacking and Cardiometabolic Health

A study testing Exercise Snacking in people with Physical Inactivity and Sedentary Behavior, run by University of Wisconsin, River Falls at 1 site in United States.

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

Regular physical activity is associated with numerous health benefits, yet many young adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Exercise snacking, which involves performing brief bouts of physical activity throughout the day, may provide a practical alternative to traditional exercise programs by… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
Exercise Snacking
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
60 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
1 Aug 2026to 31 Dec 2027
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age 18-60 years.
  • Body mass index (BMI) ≥18.5 kg/m².
  • Insufficiently physically active, defined as generally not meeting current physical activity guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
  • Able to safely participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as determined by study screening procedures, including completion of the Physical - Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+) and health history review.
  • Willing and able to provide written informed consent.
  • Willing to complete all study visits, wear activity monitors, and comply with study procedures.

Who cannot join

  • Known cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, neurological, orthopedic, or other medical conditions that would make participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity unsafe.
  • Resting heart rate >100 beats/minute at screening.
  • Resting blood pressure >160/100 mmHg at screening.
  • Clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities identified during screening that require medical evaluation.
  • Current participation in regular structured physical activity that meets or exceeds recommended physical activity guidelines.
  • Physical limitations or injuries that preclude safe participation in the intervention or fitness testing.
  • Moderate-to-severe psychological distress or other mental health concerns identified during screening that require referral or would make study participation inappropriate.
  • Pregnancy or any other condition judged by the investigators to make participation unsafe or interfere with completion of study procedures.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Gregory Ruegsegger, PhD contact

715-425-4945

gregory.ruegsegger@uwrf.edu

Ricky Lopez, MS contact

715-425-4138

ricky.lopez@uwrf.edu

United States1 site, 1 recruiting
  • University of Wisconsin-River Falls

    River Falls, Wisconsin, 54022

    Gregory Ruegsegger, PhD, 715-425-4945, gregory.ruegsegger@uwrf.edu

    Ricky Lopez, MS, 715-425-4138, ricky.lopez@uwrf.edu

    Recruiting

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Influence of Exercise Snacking on Cardiometabolic Health, Physical Activity, and Psychological Well-Being

Regular physical activity is associated with numerous health benefits, yet many young adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Exercise snacking, which involves performing brief bouts of physical activity throughout the day, may provide a practical alternative to traditional exercise programs by making physical activity easier to incorporate into daily routines.

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether a 12-week exercise snacking intervention improves physical activity levels, aerobic fitness, cardiometabolic health, and psychological well-being in insufficiently active young adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an exercise snacking intervention or a usual behavior control group. Assessments will be completed at baseline, after the 12-week intervention, and after an additional 12-week follow-up period to determine whether any changes are maintained after the intervention ends.

The study will measure physical activity using wearable activity monitors and assess aerobic fitness, body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose, exercise motivation, affective responses to exercise, and mental well-being. The findings will help determine whether exercise snacking is an effective and sustainable strategy for improving health in young adults and may inform future physical activity recommendations and interventions

Read the detailed description

Regular physical activity reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other chronic health conditions. Despite these well-established benefits, many young adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Commonly reported barriers include limited time, competing academic or work demands, and difficulty maintaining structured exercise programs.

Exercise snacking, defined as accumulating multiple brief bouts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity throughout the day, has emerged as a potential strategy for increasing physical activity while minimizing many of the barriers associated with traditional exercise programs. Although short bouts of physical activity have demonstrated favorable acute physiological effects, relatively few randomized controlled trials have evaluated whether exercise snacking produces sustained improvements in objectively measured physical activity, physical fitness, cardiometabolic health, and psychological outcomes in free-living young adults.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a 12-week exercise snacking intervention improves physical activity behavior, aerobic fitness, cardiometabolic health, exercise motivation, affective responses to physical activity, and psychological well-being compared with a usual behavior control group. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an exercise snacking intervention or a control condition. Following completion of the intervention, participants will be observed for an additional 12 weeks to evaluate the maintenance of behavioral and physiological changes after structured support is withdrawn.

The primary objectives are to determine whether exercise snacking increases objectively measured physical activity and improves aerobic fitness. Secondary objectives are to evaluate changes in body composition, blood pressure, fasting cardiometabolic biomarkers, exercise motivation, affective responses to exercise, and psychological well-being. Exploratory analyses will examine whether changes in motivation and affective responses are associated with long-term maintenance of physical activity during the follow-up period.

This study will contribute to the growing evidence regarding practical, scalable approaches for increasing physical activity among young adults and may help inform future lifestyle interventions and public health recommendations aimed at promoting long-term engagement in regular physical activity

Being tested
Exercise Snacking
Keywords
exercise snacking, physical activity, aerobic fitness, behavioral intervention, exercise motivation, physical activity maintenance, randomized controlled trial
Medical subject headings
Sedentary Behavior, Motor Activity

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Exercise SnackingBehavioural

    Participants assigned to the intervention group will complete multiple brief bouts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity throughout each day for 12 weeks. Each exercise snack will typically last approximately 1-3 minutes and may include activities such as stair climbing, brisk walking, repeated sit-to-stands, body-weight squats, or other moderate-to-vigorous activities that can be incorporated into daily routines. Participants will receive standardized written instructions, examples of exercise snacks, and periodic follow-up visits to monitor adherence and reinforce study procedures.

Study groups in NCT07718113
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Exercise SnackingExperimentalParticipants assigned to the exercise snacking group will complete a 12-week intervention consisting of multiple brief bouts (approximately 1-3 minutes each) of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity performed throughout the day. Participants will receive written instructions, examples of appropriate exercise snacks, and periodic check-ins to support adherence. The intervention is designed to increase daily physical activity by integrating short bouts of exercise into normal daily routines.
Receives: Behavioral: Exercise Snacking
Usual Behavior ControlNo interventionParticipants assigned to the control group will continue their usual daily activities for 12 weeks and will not receive instruction regarding exercise snacking or any structured physical activity program during the intervention period. They will complete the same outcome assessments as participants in the intervention group.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity

    Average daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity measured objectively using an accelerometer worn for seven consecutive days.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, and Week 24

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Body Fat Percentage

    Body composition measured using air displacement plethysmography (BodPod).

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  2. Aerobic Fitness

    Aerobic fitness assessed during a submaximal cycle ergometer exercise test with respiratory gas analysis using a metabolic measurement system.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, and Week 24

  3. Fasting Blood Glucose

    Capillary fasting glucose measured using the Cholestech LDX analyzer.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  4. Blood Lipid Profile

    Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides measured from fasting capillary blood samples.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  5. Exercise Motivation

    Exercise motivation will be assessed using the 24-item Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3). The questionnaire produces six subscale scores: amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic regulation. Each subscale is calculated as the mean of four items and ranges from 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate a greater degree of the corresponding type of exercise motivation; therefore, higher scores do not uniformly represent a better or worse outcome.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  6. Psychological Well-Being

    Psychological well-being will be assessed using the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). The five items are summed to produce a raw total score ranging from 0 to 25. Higher scores indicate better psychological well-being.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  7. Depressive Symptoms

    Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Items are summed to produce a total score ranging from 0 to 27. Higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms and therefore a worse outcome.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  8. Anxiety Symptoms

    Anxiety symptoms will be assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Items are summed to produce a total score ranging from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms and therefore a worse outcome.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

  9. Perceived Stress

    Perceived stress will be assessed using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Items are summed after reverse-scoring the positively stated items, producing a total score ranging from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate greater perceived stress and therefore a worse outcome.

    Measured: Baseline, Week 12, Week 24

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted21 Jul 2026
  2. Study start1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
60 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07718113
Sponsor's protocol ID
2026-33
Status last verified
Jul 2026
First submitted
16 Jul 2026
Last updated
23 Jul 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in publications arising from this study may be shared with qualified researchers upon reasonable request to the Principal Investigator. Data will become available beginning six months after publication of the primary study results and remain available for up to five years. Requests should include a brief research proposal and analysis plan and will be evaluated based on scientific merit and the proposed use of the data. When applicable, a data use agreement will be required before data are shared. The study protocol, statistical analysis plan, data dictionary, and analytic code (if applicable) may also be made available. All data sharing will comply with institutional policies and applicable regulations to protect participant confidentiality.

Publications

  • Wan KW, Dai ZH, Wong PS, Huang WY, Lei EF, Little JP, Lin FC, Tam BT. Effects of Exercise Snacks on Cardiometabolic Health and Body Composition in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2025 Aug;35(8):e70114. doi: 10.1111/sms.70114.

    PubMed 40814152
  • Wang T, Laher I, Li S. Exercise snacks and physical fitness in sedentary populations. Sports Med Health Sci. 2024 Feb 27;7(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.02.006. eCollection 2025 Jan.

    PubMed 39649791
  • Yin M, Deng S, Chen Z, Zhang B, Zheng H, Bai M, Li H, Zhang X, Deng J, Liu Q, Little JP, Li Y. Exercise snacks are a time-efficient alternative to moderate-intensity continuous training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness but not maximal fat oxidation in inactive adults: a randomized controlled trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2024 Jul 1;49(7):920-932. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0593. Epub 2024 Apr 3.

    PubMed 38569204
  • Jenkins EM, Nairn LN, Skelly LE, Little JP, Gibala MJ. Do stair climbing exercise "snacks" improve cardiorespiratory fitness? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Jun;44(6):681-684. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

    PubMed 30649897

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Exercise Snacking in people with Physical Inactivity and Sedentary Behavior, run by University of Wisconsin, River Falls at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Gregory Ruegsegger, PhD (715-425-4945, gregory.ruegsegger@uwrf.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (time frame: Baseline, Week 12, and Week 24). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07718113, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jul 2026.

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