Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass GraftNCT07713017
Combined Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Strength Training Among Post CABG Patients
A study testing aerobic exercise and Aerobic Exercise and strength training in people with Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass Graft, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Title of study Combined effects aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients Objective (s) of the study To investigate the combined effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass Graft
- What is being tested?
- aerobic exercise and Aerobic Exercise and strength training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2026to 1 Aug 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Both genders (male, female)
- Patient who underwent a successful CABG (no complications during surgery and/or in the following weeks)
- Patients willing to participate in the phase II cardiac rehabilitation program.
- Age between 30 to 60 years
- Patients having no impairment in the musculoskeletal system
Who cannot join
- Patients with unstable congestive heart failure and symptoms of significant myocardial ischemia, including chest pain
- Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or hypertension.
- Patients with any motor or neurological impairment
- Patients with severe disturbance of consciousness, having an orthopedic problem and critical limb ischemia
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Imran Idrees teaching hospital sialkot
Sialkot, Punjab Province, 40100
Misdaq Batool, MS PT, 03466584498, misdaaqbatool@yahoo.com.ph
Nida Khalid, MS PT
About this study
Official title: Combined Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Strength Training on Functional Capacity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Quality of Life With Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase II Among Post CABG Patients
Title of study Combined effects aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients Objective (s) of the study To investigate the combined effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients.
Methodology (Design, sample size, sampling technique, Study setting, inclusion and exclusion criteria and Tool) Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Sample Size: 42 patients Sampling Technique: Convenient sampling technique will be used for selection of patient after that simple random sampling technique will be used for randomization among groups Study Setting: Hospital Setting SF-12, 6-min walk test, VO2 max, step test This study will not harm any fundamental rights of the patients and will consider and respect the preferences of patients.
Read the detailed description
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common surgical procedure for coronary artery disease (CAD). Post-CABG patients often experience decreased functional capacity, muscle strength, and quality of life due to prolonged bed rest, surgical trauma, and underlying cardiovascular disease. Cardiac Rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is necessary to prevent complications, improve functioning, and alleviate symptoms. Aerobic exercises and strength training are used in CR, but their combined effects on post-CABG patients are not well understood. The objective of this study will be to investigate the combined effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients.
Study design will be randomized controlled trial. 42 patients will be included in study. Data will be collected from Imran Idrees hospital, Sialkot. Convenient sampling technique will be used for selection of patient after that simple random sampling technique for randomization among groups. Study will be conducted within 10 months after approval of synopsis. The SF-12 questionnaire will be used for quality of life, 6-minute walk test for functional capacity, step test and VO2max for cardiorespiratory fitness. Both genders aged between 30 to 60 years with stable cardiovascular condition and no other comorbidities will be included in this study. Participants with any musculoskeletal or neurological impairment and symptoms of significant myocardial ischemia, including chest pain and any history of fracture or surgery will be excluded from this study. Patients will be divided in to two groups. Group A will be assigned aerobic exercise and Group B will be assigned aerobic exercise and strength training. Pre and post values for functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life will be recorded. Data will be analyzed by using SPSS version 24. After testing the Normality of data by applying Shapiro-wilk test, paired sample t-test/ independent t-test / Anova test to find which technique will be more beneficial for post CABG patients.
- Conditions
- Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass Graft
- Being tested
- aerobic exercise, Aerobic Exercise and strength training
- Keywords
- Aerobic Exercise, Strength Training, Functional Capacity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, quality of life, cardiac rehab phase II
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
aerobic exerciseBehavioural
Aerobic Exercise Plan:
- Warm-up (5 minutes): - Light arm movements (e.g., arm circles, shoulder rolls) - Dynamic stretching (e.g., arm swings)
- Aerobic Exercise (20-30 minutes): - Arm cycle ergometer - Intensity: Moderate (40-60% of maximum heart rate reserve) - Frequency: 2-3 times per week
- Cool-down (5-10 minutes): - Static stretching (e.g., bicep, triceps, chest muscles)
Aerobic Exercise and strength trainingBehavioural
- Warm-up (5-10 minutes): - Light cardio (e.g., walking, jogging in place) - Dynamic stretching (e.g., arm circles, leg swings)
- Aerobic Exercise (10-20 minutes): - Arm cycle ergometer - Intensity: Moderate (40-60% of maximum heart rate reserve) - Frequency: 2-3 times per week
- Resistance Training (10-15 minutes): - Upper extremity exercises using resistance bands or light dumbbells - 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions per exercise - Intensity: 30-70% of 1RM - Frequency: 2-3 times per week
Cool-down (5-10 minutes): - Static stretching (e.g., bicep, triceps, chest muscles)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| aerobic exercise | Active comparator | Aerobic exercise refers to the type of repetitive, structured physical activity that requires the body's metabolic system to use oxygen to produce energy. Aerobic exercise improves the capacity of the cardiovascular system to uptake and transport oxygen. Aerobic exercise training intensity is the most important variable in improving CRF during CR for most patients. Upper limb cycle ergometry is a form of aerobic exercise that can be tailored to individual needs. In the described protocol, patients perform 5 minutes of active exercise followed by 2 minutes of recovery, maintaining 20-30 rotations per minute. Moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MCT) is defined as 60% to 85% of peak heart rate and/or RPE of 12 to 14 on the 6 to 20 scale. Receives: Behavioral: aerobic exercise |
| Aerobic Exercise and strength training | Active comparator | supervised exercise sessions 3 times per week for 6 months. Thus, in addition to the aerobic exercise training (as above), upper extremity resistance exercise was initially prescribed at 30% of 1RM, increasing to a maximum of 70% of 1RM by 4 weeks. Seventy percent of 1RM is in the comfortably hard range (5-7 on the Borg 1-10 scale, which is comparable to 13-15 on the 6-20 Borg scale). Each exercise repetition involved a slow controlled movement with approximately 2 sec of concentric lifting and 4 sec of eccentric lowering. Proper breathing techniques were enforced (with expiration during concentric lifting and inspiration during eccentric lowering). Receives: Behavioral: Aerobic Exercise and strength training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple test that objectively evaluates a patient's functional capacity. This simple walk test is particularly applicable in the CAD population due to the risk of acute cardiac events associated with the gold standard maximal exercise testing for assessing functional capacity. The 6MWT requires a 30-m, flat, hard walking path, a stopwatch, a lap counter and two cones to mark the turning points. The patients were instructed to walk as far as possible along the pathway, in 6 minutes. During the test encouragement was not given and only asked about their conditions. At the end, total walked distance was measured and recorded
Measured: 5 weeks
Step test
The 6 min step test is a safe, valid, sensitive, and reproducible tool for evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness. The 6MST was shown to be a safe and reliable field test to assess exercise tolerance in a sample of very deconditioned adults at risk of CVD
Measured: 5 weeks
Vo2 max
Vo2 max was estimated using a graded exercise test. Oxygen consumption was measured using metabolic gas analyzer. In this research VO2 Max will be measured through a submaximal 6 mint walk test
Measured: 5 weeks
Secondary outcomes (1)
SF-12 Questionnaire
The SF-12 are multi-item generic health surveys intended to measure general health. The SF 12 is a shorter version of the SF-36 and uses only 12 questions to measure functional health and well-being from the patient's perspective. SF-12 were first published in 1992 and 1996, respectively, with the revised versions of both questionnaires published in 2000. SF-12 measure 8 health domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. The SF-12 consists of 12 items: 2 items on physical functioning, 2 items on role physical, 1 item on bodily pain, 1 item on general health, 1 item on vitality, 1 item on social functioning, 2 items on role emotional, and 2 items on mental health.
Measured: 5 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Jun 2026
- Primary completion1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass GraftStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Arjumand Bano, MS, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07713017
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/25/0301
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 1 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 20 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Combined Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Strength Training on Functional Capacity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Quality of Life With Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase II Among Post CABG Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07713017
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/25/0301
- Conditions
- Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass Graft
- Keywords
- Aerobic Exercise, Strength Training, Functional Capacity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, quality of life, cardiac rehab phase II
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 20 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Title of study Combined effects aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients Objective (s) of the study To investigate the combined effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients.
Methodology (Design, sample size, sampling technique, Study setting, inclusion and exclusion criteria and Tool) Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Sample Size: 42 patients Sampling Technique: Convenient sampling technique will be used for selection of patient after that simple random sampling technique will be used for randomization among groups Study Setting: Hospital Setting SF-12, 6-min walk test, VO2 max, step test This study will not harm any fundamental rights of the patients and will consider and respect the preferences of patients.
Detailed description
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common surgical procedure for coronary artery disease (CAD). Post-CABG patients often experience decreased functional capacity, muscle strength, and quality of life due to prolonged bed rest, surgical trauma, and underlying cardiovascular disease. Cardiac Rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is necessary to prevent complications, improve functioning, and alleviate symptoms. Aerobic exercises and strength training are used in CR, but their combined effects on post-CABG patients are not well understood. The objective of this study will be to investigate the combined effects of aerobic exercise and strength training on functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation phase II among post CABG patients.
Study design will be randomized controlled trial. 42 patients will be included in study. Data will be collected from Imran Idrees hospital, Sialkot. Convenient sampling technique will be used for selection of patient after that simple random sampling technique for randomization among groups. Study will be conducted within 10 months after approval of synopsis. The SF-12 questionnaire will be used for quality of life, 6-minute walk test for functional capacity, step test and VO2max for cardiorespiratory fitness. Both genders aged between 30 to 60 years with stable cardiovascular condition and no other comorbidities will be included in this study. Participants with any musculoskeletal or neurological impairment and symptoms of significant myocardial ischemia, including chest pain and any history of fracture or surgery will be excluded from this study. Patients will be divided in to two groups. Group A will be assigned aerobic exercise and Group B will be assigned aerobic exercise and strength training. Pre and post values for functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life will be recorded. Data will be analyzed by using SPSS version 24. After testing the Normality of data by applying Shapiro-wilk test, paired sample t-test/ independent t-test / Anova test to find which technique will be more beneficial for post CABG patients.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| aerobic exercise | Active comparator | Behavioral: aerobic exerciseAerobic exercise refers to the type of repetitive, structured physical activity that requires the body's metabolic system to use oxygen to produce energy. Aerobic exercise improves the capacity of the cardiovascular system to uptake and transport oxygen. Aerobic exercise training intensity is the most important variable in improving CRF during CR for most patients. Upper limb cycle ergometry is a form of aerobic exercise that can be tailored to individual needs. In the described protocol, patients perform 5 minutes of active exercise followed by 2 minutes of recovery, maintaining 20-30 rotations per minute. Moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MCT) is defined as 60% to 85% of peak heart rate and/or RPE of 12 to 14 on the 6 to 20 scale. |
| Aerobic Exercise and strength training | Active comparator | Behavioral: Aerobic Exercise and strength trainingsupervised exercise sessions 3 times per week for 6 months. Thus, in addition to the aerobic exercise training (as above), upper extremity resistance exercise was initially prescribed at 30% of 1RM, increasing to a maximum of 70% of 1RM by 4 weeks. Seventy percent of 1RM is in the comfortably hard range (5-7 on the Borg 1-10 scale, which is comparable to 13-15 on the 6-20 Borg scale). Each exercise repetition involved a slow controlled movement with approximately 2 sec of concentric lifting and 4 sec of eccentric lowering. Proper breathing techniques were enforced (with expiration during concentric lifting and inspiration during eccentric lowering). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Both genders (male, female)
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Patients with unstable congestive heart failure and symptoms of significant myocardial ischemia, including chest pain
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| aerobic exerciseAerobic Exercise Plan: 1. Warm-up (5 minutes): - Light arm movements (e.g., arm circles, shoulder rolls) - Dynamic stretching (e.g., arm swings) 2. Aerobic Exercise (20-30 minutes): - Arm cycle ergometer - Intensity: Moderate (40-60% of maximum heart rate reserve) - Frequency: 2-3 times per week 3. Cool-down (5-10 minutes): - Static stretching (e.g., bicep, triceps, chest muscles) | Behavioural | aerobic exercise |
| Aerobic Exercise and strength training1. Warm-up (5-10 minutes): - Light cardio (e.g., walking, jogging in place) - Dynamic stretching (e.g., arm circles, leg swings) 2. Aerobic Exercise (10-20 minutes): - Arm cycle ergometer - Intensity: Moderate (40-60% of maximum heart rate reserve) - Frequency: 2-3 times per week 3. Resistance Training (10-15 minutes): - Upper extremity exercises using resistance bands or light dumbbells - 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions per exercise - Intensity: 30-70% of 1RM - Frequency: 2-3 times per week Cool-down (5-10 minutes): - Static stretching (e.g., bicep, triceps, chest muscles) | Behavioural | Aerobic Exercise and strength training |
Primary outcome
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
Time frame: 5 weeks
The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple test that objectively evaluates a patient's functional capacity. This simple walk test is particularly applicable in the CAD population due to the risk of acute cardiac events associated with the gold standard maximal exercise testing for assessing functional capacity. The 6MWT requires a 30-m, flat, hard walking path, a stopwatch, a lap counter and two cones to mark the turning points. The patients were instructed to walk as far as possible along the pathway, in 6 minutes. During the test encouragement was not given and only asked about their conditions. At the end, total walked distance was measured and recorded
Step test
Time frame: 5 weeks
The 6 min step test is a safe, valid, sensitive, and reproducible tool for evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness. The 6MST was shown to be a safe and reliable field test to assess exercise tolerance in a sample of very deconditioned adults at risk of CVD
Vo2 max
Time frame: 5 weeks
Vo2 max was estimated using a graded exercise test. Oxygen consumption was measured using metabolic gas analyzer. In this research VO2 Max will be measured through a submaximal 6 mint walk test
1 secondary outcome
SF-12 Questionnaire
Time frame: 5 weeks
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Arjumand Bano, MS principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing aerobic exercise and Aerobic Exercise and strength training in people with Coronary Atherosclerosis of Bypass Graft, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Muhammad Iqbal Tariq, pHD (333826752, iqbal.tariq@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (time frame: 5 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Jul 2026.