Muscle AtrophyNCT07690150
Effect of Knee Position on Muscle Loss During Leg Immobilization
A study testing Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 days and Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 days in people with Muscle Atrophy and Disuse Atrophy, run by Wageningen University.
Trial summary
This study looks at what happens to leg muscles when the knee is kept straight or bent during five days of wearing a brace. We want to find out if keeping the knee bent (so the thigh muscle is stretched) helps prevent muscle loss compared to keeping the knee straight. Thirty healthy adults will take part. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 40 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Muscle Atrophy, Disuse Atrophy, Immobilization
- What is being tested?
- Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 days and Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 days
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Aug 2026to 1 Jun 2028
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 40 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy males and females
- Aged from 18-40 years at the time of signing informed consent
- 18.5 < BMI < 30 kg·m-2
- Must be willing and able to communicate and participate in the whole study
Who cannot join
- Smoking
- Diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, or genetic form of diabetes)
- Any diagnosed cardiovascular (heart) disease or high blood pressure (≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic)
- Chronic use of any prescribed or over the counter pharmaceuticals that may modulate muscle protein metabolism (excluding oral contraceptives and contraceptive devices).
- A personal or family history of thrombosis, epilepsy, seizures or schizophrenia.
- Prone to keloid forming (i.e. hyperplastic growth of scars).
Show all 18Show fewer
- Any known disorders in muscle metabolism
- Regular use of dietary protein and/or amino acid supplements (>3 times per week)
- Currently involved in a structured progressive resistance training programme (>3 times per week)
- Known allergy to lidocaine
- Known severe kidney problems
- Allergy to one or multiple amino acids
- Recent (within the last 6 months) or current musculoskeletal injury (e.g. leg fracture)
- Having received or ingested a stable isotope tracer containing 15N in the past
- Contra-indications for MRI such as incompatible metal objects in the body and claustrophobia.
- Currently taking part in other scientific research
- Pregnant or breastfeeding
- Unable to give consent
About this study
Official title: A Novel Angle: Manipulating Knee Position to Understand Muscle Deterioration During Leg Immobilization
This study looks at what happens to leg muscles when the knee is kept straight or bent during five days of wearing a brace. We want to find out if keeping the knee bent (so the thigh muscle is stretched) helps prevent muscle loss compared to keeping the knee straight. Thirty healthy adults will take part. They will wear a knee brace for five days and have several tests before and after, including scans, blood samples, and small muscle samples. The results may help doctors find better ways to protect muscles when people cannot move, for example after surgery or illness.
Read the detailed description
Short periods of physical inactivity, as occur during illness, surgery, or injury, lead to rapid and substantial losses of muscle mass, strength, and metabolic health, often with incomplete recovery in vulnerable individuals. In older adults, repeated bouts of disuse are thought to contribute significantly to age-related sarcopenia. Despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, and effective therapeutic interventions are lacking.
Mechanistically, any muscle atrophy must occur due to a negative muscle protein net balance (MPNB), which can be caused by a decline in muscle protein synthesis (MPS), an increase in muscle protein breakdown (MPB), or a combination of both. Normally, exercise and dietary protein stimulate MPS and maintain muscle mass. During disuse, however, exercise is often impossible, and inactive muscle shows a blunted response to dietary protein. Consequently, these potent strategies become ineffective or even harmful in inactive individuals, highlighting the need for alternative approaches.
Animal studies indicate that immobilizing a muscle in a lengthened (stretched) position can attenuate disuse-induced muscle atrophy and functional decline compared to a shortened position. Whether this phenomenon also occurs in humans, and whether passive muscle length and tension influence muscle metabolism during disuse, remain unexplored.
The objective of this study is to assess whether immobilizing the quadriceps in a lengthened versus neutral position during disuse attenuates losses of muscle mass, function, and metabolic health.
In this randomized, controlled human intervention study with 2 parallel groups 30 healthy, normal weight males and females (18-40 years old, BMI between 18 and 30 kg·m-2) will undergo 5 days of unilateral leg immobilization using a knee brace that prevents voluntary quadriceps contraction. In the neutral group, the leg is fixed in full extension (0° flexion), while in the lengthened group it is fixed at 60° flexion, stretching the quadriceps.
The effects on muscle protein net balance (MPNB), quadriceps muscle volume , muscle quality, muscle strength, fatigue resistance, and muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics will be assessed.
- Conditions
- Muscle Atrophy, Disuse Atrophy, Immobilization
- Being tested
- Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 days, Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 days
- Keywords
- Quadriceps, Knee Brace, Muscle Protein Breakdown, Dynamometry, Stable Isotope Tracers, MRI
- Medical subject headings
- Muscular Atrophy, Muscular Disorders, Atrophic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 daysDevice
Unilateral knee immobilization at 0° flexion for 5 days using a brace; post-immobilization metabolic testing with tracer infusions and biopsies
Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 daysDevice
Unilateral knee immobilization at 60° flexion for 5 days using a brace; post-immobilization metabolic testing with tracer infusions and biopsies
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Neutral Knee Position | Active comparator | Participants in this group wear a knee brace in full extension (0°) for five consecutive days. Receives: Device: Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 days |
| Flexed Knee Position | Experimental | Participants in this group wear a knee brace in flexion (60°) for five consecutive days. Receives: Device: Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 days |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle protein net balance (MPNB)
Muscle protein net balance expressed as %/h and calculated as the difference between muscle protein synthesis (MPS; fractional synthesis rate, FSR) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB; fractional breakdown rate, FBR), measured in skeletal muscle following 5 days of unilateral knee immobilization
Measured: Baseline to 3 hours after tracer infusion
Secondary outcomes (10)
Thigh muscle volume
Thigh muscle volume, including muscle length and cross-sectional area, measured via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle strength
Maximal voluntary muscle strength measured as peak torque using isokinetic dynamometry
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle fatigue
Muscle fatigue assessed as decline in force during repeated contractions measured using isokinetic dynamometry
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Intramuscular fat content
Intramuscular lipid content measured using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS)
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle metabolite concentrations
Carnosine and acetylcarnitine concentrations in skeletal muscle measured using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS)
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial respiration
Mitochondrial respiration measured as oxygen consumption in permeabilized muscle fibres using high-resolution respirometry
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production measured using fluorescence-based detection in permeabilized muscle fibres
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial calcium retention capacity
Calcium retention capacity measured in permeabilized muscle fibres using fluorescence-based assays
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle gene expression related to atrophy
Expression of genes involved in muscle atrophy measured in skeletal muscle biopsy samples using molecular analysis techniques (e.g. qPCR or RNA sequencing)
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle protein markers of atrophy
Protein expression of markers related to muscle protein synthesis and breakdown measured in skeletal muscle biopsy samples
Measured: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Mar 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jun 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (48)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Muscle AtrophyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants are randomized into two parallel groups: one group wears a knee brace in full extension (0°), and the other in flexion (60°) for five consecutive days. The contralateral leg serves as an internal control. Randomization is stratified by sex and performed in permuted blocks to ensure balanced allocation. There is no masking because the knee position is visible. Both groups undergo identical procedures before and after immobilization, including imaging and metabolic assessments.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Wageningen University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Marlou Dirks, Wageningen University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07690150
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NL010759
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 8 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
World Medical Association Inc. Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. J Indian Med Assoc. 2009 Jun;107(6):403-5. No abstract available.
PubMed 19886379Wolfe, R.R.C., D.L., Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis. 2004.
Gouspillou G, Sgarioto N, Kapchinsky S, Purves-Smith F, Norris B, Pion CH, Barbat-Artigas S, Lemieux F, Taivassalo T, Morais JA, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Hepple RT. Increased sensitivity to mitochondrial permeability transition and myonuclear translocation of endonuclease G in atrophied muscle of physically active older humans. FASEB J. 2014 Apr;28(4):1621-33. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-242750. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
PubMed 24371120Holloway GP, Holwerda AM, Miotto PM, Dirks ML, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJC. Age-Associated Impairments in Mitochondrial ADP Sensitivity Contribute to Redox Stress in Senescent Human Skeletal Muscle. Cell Rep. 2018 Mar 13;22(11):2837-2848. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.069.
PubMed 29539414Pinckaers PJ, Petrick HL, Horstman AM, Moreno-Asso A, De Marchi U, Hendriks FK, Kuin LM, Fuchs CJ, Grathwohl D, Verdijk LB, Zorenc AH, Senden JM, Migliavacca E, Metairon S, Poquet L, Morin-Rivron D, Karagounis LG, Holloway GP, Feige JN, van Loon LJ. Oleuropein Supplementation Increases Resting Skeletal Muscle Fractional Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity but Does Not Influence Whole-Body Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy, Older Males. J Nutr. 2025 May;155(5):1373-1386. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.015. Epub 2025 Feb 22.
PubMed 39993475Pavis GF, Abdelrahman DR, Murton AJ, Wall BT, Stephens FB, Dirks ML. Nasogastric bolus administration of a protein-rich drink augments insulinaemia and aminoacidaemia but not whole-body protein turnover or muscle protein synthesis versus oral administration. Clin Sci (Lond). 2024 Jan 10;138(1):43-60. doi: 10.1042/CS20231126.
PubMed 38112515Dirks ML, Wall BT, Kramer IF, Zorenc AH, Goessens JP, Gijsen AP, van Loon LJ. A single session of neuromuscular electrical stimulation does not augment postprandial muscle protein accretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jul 1;311(1):E278-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00085.2016. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
PubMed 27279248West S, Monteyne AJ, Whelehan G, Abdelrahman DR, Murton AJ, Finnigan TJA, Blackwell JR, Stephens FB, Wall BT. Mycoprotein ingestion within or without its wholefood matrix results in equivalent stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resting and exercised muscle of young men. Br J Nutr. 2023 Jul 14;130(1):20-32. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522003087. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
PubMed 36172885Monteyne AJ, Coelho MOC, Porter C, Abdelrahman DR, Jameson TSO, Finnigan TJA, Stephens FB, Dirks ML, Wall BT. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Fortification Does Not Restore Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates following Ingestion of Lower- Compared with Higher-Dose Mycoprotein. J Nutr. 2020 Nov 19;150(11):2931-2941. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa251.
PubMed 32886108Dirks ML, Tieland M, Verdijk LB, Losen M, Nilwik R, Mensink M, de Groot LCPGM, van Loon LJC. Protein Supplementation Augments Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy but Does Not Modulate Satellite Cell Content During Prolonged Resistance-Type Exercise Training in Frail Elderly. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):608-615. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.02.006. Epub 2017 Apr 1.
PubMed 28377156Dirks ML, Wall BT, van de Valk B, Holloway TM, Holloway GP, Chabowski A, Goossens GH, van Loon LJ. One Week of Bed Rest Leads to Substantial Muscle Atrophy and Induces Whole-Body Insulin Resistance in the Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lipid Accumulation. Diabetes. 2016 Oct;65(10):2862-75. doi: 10.2337/db15-1661. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
PubMed 27358494Dirks ML, Hansen D, Van Assche A, Dendale P, Van Loon LJ. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prevents muscle wasting in critically ill comatose patients. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Mar;128(6):357-65. doi: 10.1042/CS20140447.
PubMed 25296344Bergstrom J. Percutaneous needle biopsy of skeletal muscle in physiological and clinical research. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1975 Nov;35(7):609-16. No abstract available.
PubMed 1108172Hortobagyi T, Dempsey L, Fraser D, Zheng D, Hamilton G, Lambert J, Dohm L. Changes in muscle strength, muscle fibre size and myofibrillar gene expression after immobilization and retraining in humans. J Physiol. 2000 Apr 1;524 Pt 1(Pt 1):293-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00293.x.
PubMed 10747199Berg HE, Dudley GA, Haggmark T, Ohlsen H, Tesch PA; New Collective Author. Effects of lower limb unloading on skeletal muscle mass and function in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Apr;70(4):1882-5. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1991.70.4.1882.
PubMed 2055867
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Novel Angle: Manipulating Knee Position to Understand Muscle Deterioration During Leg Immobilization
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07690150
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NL010759
- Conditions
- Muscle Atrophy, Disuse Atrophy, Immobilization
- Keywords
- Quadriceps, Knee Brace, Muscle Protein Breakdown, Dynamometry, Stable Isotope Tracers, MRI
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Wageningen UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
- Study start
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 8 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study looks at what happens to leg muscles when the knee is kept straight or bent during five days of wearing a brace. We want to find out if keeping the knee bent (so the thigh muscle is stretched) helps prevent muscle loss compared to keeping the knee straight. Thirty healthy adults will take part. They will wear a knee brace for five days and have several tests before and after, including scans, blood samples, and small muscle samples. The results may help doctors find better ways to protect muscles when people cannot move, for example after surgery or illness.
Detailed description
Short periods of physical inactivity, as occur during illness, surgery, or injury, lead to rapid and substantial losses of muscle mass, strength, and metabolic health, often with incomplete recovery in vulnerable individuals. In older adults, repeated bouts of disuse are thought to contribute significantly to age-related sarcopenia. Despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, and effective therapeutic interventions are lacking.
Mechanistically, any muscle atrophy must occur due to a negative muscle protein net balance (MPNB), which can be caused by a decline in muscle protein synthesis (MPS), an increase in muscle protein breakdown (MPB), or a combination of both. Normally, exercise and dietary protein stimulate MPS and maintain muscle mass. During disuse, however, exercise is often impossible, and inactive muscle shows a blunted response to dietary protein. Consequently, these potent strategies become ineffective or even harmful in inactive individuals, highlighting the need for alternative approaches.
Animal studies indicate that immobilizing a muscle in a lengthened (stretched) position can attenuate disuse-induced muscle atrophy and functional decline compared to a shortened position. Whether this phenomenon also occurs in humans, and whether passive muscle length and tension influence muscle metabolism during disuse, remain unexplored.
The objective of this study is to assess whether immobilizing the quadriceps in a lengthened versus neutral position during disuse attenuates losses of muscle mass, function, and metabolic health.
In this randomized, controlled human intervention study with 2 parallel groups 30 healthy, normal weight males and females (18-40 years old, BMI between 18 and 30 kg·m-2) will undergo 5 days of unilateral leg immobilization using a knee brace that prevents voluntary quadriceps contraction. In the neutral group, the leg is fixed in full extension (0° flexion), while in the lengthened group it is fixed at 60° flexion, stretching the quadriceps.
The effects on muscle protein net balance (MPNB), quadriceps muscle volume , muscle quality, muscle strength, fatigue resistance, and muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics will be assessed.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants are randomized into two parallel groups: one group wears a knee brace in full extension (0°), and the other in flexion (60°) for five consecutive days. The contralateral leg serves as an internal control. Randomization is stratified by sex and performed in permuted blocks to ensure balanced allocation. There is no masking because the knee position is visible. Both groups undergo identical procedures before and after immobilization, including imaging and metabolic assessments.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Neutral Knee Position | Active comparator | Device: Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 daysParticipants in this group wear a knee brace in full extension (0°) for five consecutive days. |
| Flexed Knee Position | Experimental | Device: Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 daysParticipants in this group wear a knee brace in flexion (60°) for five consecutive days. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 40 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Healthy males and females
- Aged from 18-40 years at the time of signing informed consent
- 18.5 < BMI < 30 kg·m-2
- Must be willing and able to communicate and participate in the whole study
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Smoking
- Diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, or genetic form of diabetes)
- Any diagnosed cardiovascular (heart) disease or high blood pressure (≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic)
- Chronic use of any prescribed or over the counter pharmaceuticals that may modulate muscle protein metabolism (excluding oral contraceptives and contraceptive devices).
- A personal or family history of thrombosis, epilepsy, seizures or schizophrenia.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 daysUnilateral knee immobilization at 0° flexion for 5 days using a brace; post-immobilization metabolic testing with tracer infusions and biopsies | Device | Neutral Knee Position |
| Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 daysUnilateral knee immobilization at 60° flexion for 5 days using a brace; post-immobilization metabolic testing with tracer infusions and biopsies | Device | Flexed Knee Position |
Primary outcome
Muscle protein net balance (MPNB)
Time frame: Baseline to 3 hours after tracer infusion
Muscle protein net balance expressed as %/h and calculated as the difference between muscle protein synthesis (MPS; fractional synthesis rate, FSR) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB; fractional breakdown rate, FBR), measured in skeletal muscle following 5 days of unilateral knee immobilization
10 secondary outcomes
Thigh muscle volume
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle strength
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle fatigue
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Intramuscular fat content
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle metabolite concentrations
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial respiration
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Mitochondrial calcium retention capacity
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle gene expression related to atrophy
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Muscle protein markers of atrophy
Time frame: Baseline and after 5 days of immobilization
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Jul 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 19886379World Medical Association Inc. Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. J Indian Med Assoc. 2009 Jun;107(6):403-5. No abstract available.
- Results publicationWolfe, R.R.C., D.L., Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis. 2004.
- Results publication: PubMed 24371120Gouspillou G, Sgarioto N, Kapchinsky S, Purves-Smith F, Norris B, Pion CH, Barbat-Artigas S, Lemieux F, Taivassalo T, Morais JA, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Hepple RT. Increased sensitivity to mitochondrial permeability transition and myonuclear translocation of endonuclease G in atrophied muscle of physically active older humans. FASEB J. 2014 Apr;28(4):1621-33. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-242750. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
- Results publication: PubMed 29539414Holloway GP, Holwerda AM, Miotto PM, Dirks ML, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJC. Age-Associated Impairments in Mitochondrial ADP Sensitivity Contribute to Redox Stress in Senescent Human Skeletal Muscle. Cell Rep. 2018 Mar 13;22(11):2837-2848. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.069.
- Results publication: PubMed 39993475Pinckaers PJ, Petrick HL, Horstman AM, Moreno-Asso A, De Marchi U, Hendriks FK, Kuin LM, Fuchs CJ, Grathwohl D, Verdijk LB, Zorenc AH, Senden JM, Migliavacca E, Metairon S, Poquet L, Morin-Rivron D, Karagounis LG, Holloway GP, Feige JN, van Loon LJ. Oleuropein Supplementation Increases Resting Skeletal Muscle Fractional Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity but Does Not Influence Whole-Body Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy, Older Males. J Nutr. 2025 May;155(5):1373-1386. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.015. Epub 2025 Feb 22.
- Results publication: PubMed 38112515Pavis GF, Abdelrahman DR, Murton AJ, Wall BT, Stephens FB, Dirks ML. Nasogastric bolus administration of a protein-rich drink augments insulinaemia and aminoacidaemia but not whole-body protein turnover or muscle protein synthesis versus oral administration. Clin Sci (Lond). 2024 Jan 10;138(1):43-60. doi: 10.1042/CS20231126.
- Results publication: PubMed 27279248Dirks ML, Wall BT, Kramer IF, Zorenc AH, Goessens JP, Gijsen AP, van Loon LJ. A single session of neuromuscular electrical stimulation does not augment postprandial muscle protein accretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jul 1;311(1):E278-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00085.2016. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
- Results publication: PubMed 36172885West S, Monteyne AJ, Whelehan G, Abdelrahman DR, Murton AJ, Finnigan TJA, Blackwell JR, Stephens FB, Wall BT. Mycoprotein ingestion within or without its wholefood matrix results in equivalent stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resting and exercised muscle of young men. Br J Nutr. 2023 Jul 14;130(1):20-32. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522003087. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 32886108Monteyne AJ, Coelho MOC, Porter C, Abdelrahman DR, Jameson TSO, Finnigan TJA, Stephens FB, Dirks ML, Wall BT. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Fortification Does Not Restore Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates following Ingestion of Lower- Compared with Higher-Dose Mycoprotein. J Nutr. 2020 Nov 19;150(11):2931-2941. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa251.
- Results publication: PubMed 28377156Dirks ML, Tieland M, Verdijk LB, Losen M, Nilwik R, Mensink M, de Groot LCPGM, van Loon LJC. Protein Supplementation Augments Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy but Does Not Modulate Satellite Cell Content During Prolonged Resistance-Type Exercise Training in Frail Elderly. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):608-615. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.02.006. Epub 2017 Apr 1.
- Results publication: PubMed 27358494Dirks ML, Wall BT, van de Valk B, Holloway TM, Holloway GP, Chabowski A, Goossens GH, van Loon LJ. One Week of Bed Rest Leads to Substantial Muscle Atrophy and Induces Whole-Body Insulin Resistance in the Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lipid Accumulation. Diabetes. 2016 Oct;65(10):2862-75. doi: 10.2337/db15-1661. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 25296344Dirks ML, Hansen D, Van Assche A, Dendale P, Van Loon LJ. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prevents muscle wasting in critically ill comatose patients. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Mar;128(6):357-65. doi: 10.1042/CS20140447.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Knee immobilization brace (0°) for 5 days and Knee immobilization brace (60°) for 5 days in people with Muscle Atrophy and Disuse Atrophy, run by Wageningen University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle protein net balance (MPNB) (time frame: Baseline to 3 hours after tracer infusion). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07690150, which also lists 48 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Jul 2026.