Oral Health Behavior ChangeNCT07645612
A Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training
A study testing Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training in people with Oral Health Behavior Change and Oral Hygiene, Oral Health, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and support the delivery of oral health education in schools. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Oral Health Behavior Change, Oral Hygiene, Oral Health, Digital Literacy
- What is being tested?
- Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 870 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 15 Jun 2026to 30 Oct 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Inclusion Criteria: Teachers aged ≥18 years. Currently employed in participating schools. Access to a smartphone, tablet, or computer with internet connectivity. Able to understand the intervention language. Willing to provide informed consent and participate in study activities. -
Exclusion Criteria: Currently participating in another oral health training program or research study.
Planning to leave employment at the participating school during the study period.
Unable to access or use the digital learning platform. Refusal or withdrawal of informed consent.
-
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site
Saleem ullah fahmi school baqai Medical complex gharo
Karachi, Sindh, 74600
Muhammad Arshed, 03337474464, drarshedchaudhary@gmail.com
About this study
Official title: A Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training: Effects on Oral Health Literacy, Implementation, and Student Oral Health Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and support the delivery of oral health education in schools. Teachers play an important role in promoting healthy behaviors among children, but many have limited access to structured oral health training. Digital microlearning approaches may provide a scalable and cost-effective solution for strengthening teacher capacity in school-based oral health promotion.
Teachers assigned to the intervention group will receive access to a digital learning platform that delivers short, interactive, and evidence-based oral health training modules through mobile devices. The platform will provide educational content, reminders, quizzes, feedback, and progress monitoring. Teachers in the control group will receive standard information or routine training practices.
The study will assess changes in teachers' oral health literacy, knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in delivering oral health education. It will also evaluate implementation outcomes, including acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, and engagement with the digital platform. In addition, the study will examine whether improvements in teacher training lead to better oral health knowledge, behaviors, and clinical oral health outcomes among students.
Read the detailed description
Oral diseases remain among the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting children worldwide and disproportionately burden populations in low- and middle-income countries. Schools are recognized as an important setting for oral health promotion because they provide sustained access to children during critical periods of behavioral development. Teachers are key agents in implementing school-based oral health interventions; however, limited training opportunities, competing responsibilities, and resource constraints often reduce their effectiveness in delivering oral health education.
Digital learning technologies provide opportunities to overcome these challenges through flexible, scalable, and low-cost training approaches. Just-in-Time learning is an educational strategy that delivers concise information at the point of need, enabling users to acquire knowledge and skills in a timely and accessible manner. Despite growing interest in digital health education, evidence regarding the effectiveness and implementation of digital oral health training for teachers remains limited.
This randomized controlled trial will evaluate a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform developed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and strengthen the delivery of school-based oral health promotion activities. The intervention consists of short digital microlearning modules, interactive quizzes, reminders, feedback mechanisms, and performance-monitoring features accessible through mobile devices.
The primary objective is to determine the effect of the intervention on teachers' oral health literacy. Secondary objectives include assessing changes in teachers' oral health knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and educational practices, as well as student oral health knowledge, behaviors, and clinical oral health outcomes. The study will further evaluate implementation outcomes including acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, engagement, and sustainability using implementation science frameworks. Equity analyses will assess whether intervention effects differ according to school location, socioeconomic characteristics, or other contextual factors.
The results will contribute to the evidence base for digital capacity-building strategies in school health programs and provide guidance for policymakers seeking scalable and sustainable approaches to improve oral health promotion through educational systems.
- Being tested
- Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training
- Keywords
- Oral Health Literacy; Digital Learning; Teacher Training; Implementation Outcomes; Health Equity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health TrainingBehavioural
Teachers assigned to the intervention group will receive access to a mobile-based Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform delivering short oral health microlearning modules, interactive quizzes, reminders, educational resources, and feedback. The intervention aims to improve teachers' oral health literacy, teaching practices, and implementation of school-based oral health promotion activities, ultimately improving student oral health outcomes.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training | Experimental | Participants in this arm will receive access to a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and capacity to deliver school-based oral health education. The intervention includes short mobile-based microlearning modules, educational videos, interactive quizzes, reminders, feedback, digital learning resources, and progress tracking. Content covers oral health knowledge, preventive practices, oral hygiene promotion, and classroom implementation strategies. Teachers will engage with the platform throughout the intervention period and apply learned concepts in routine school activities. The intervention is designed to improve teacher oral health literacy, implementation outcomes, and student oral health outcomes. Receives: Behavioral: Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training |
| Standard Teacher Training or Routine Practice | No intervention | Participants in this arm will continue routine educational practices and receive standard training or information available through existing school systems. They will not receive access to the Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform during the study period. Outcomes will be assessed at the same time points as the intervention group. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Teacher Oral Health Literacy Score
Teacher oral health literacy will be assessed using a structured oral health literacy questionnaire completed by participating teachers at baseline and post-intervention. Each item will be scored according to the questionnaire scoring instructions, and item scores will be summed to generate a total oral health literacy score. Higher scores will indicate greater oral health literacy. The primary analysis will compare the change in mean oral health literacy score from baseline to post-intervention between the intervention and control groups.
Measured: Baseline to post-intervention (e.g., 6 months)
Secondary outcomes (11)
Teacher oral health knowledge
Structured 20-30 item MCQ questionnaire on caries, plaque, brushing, fluoride, diet, referral, and prevention
Measured: 6 Months
Teaching self-efficacy
8-10 Likert-scale items assessing confidence to teach oral health, demonstrate brushing, answer questions, and refer children
Measured: 6 Months
AIM score
Acceptability of Intervention Measure, 4 items
Measured: 6 Months
IAM score
Intervention Appropriateness Measure, 4 items
Measured: 6 Months
FIM score
Feasibility of Intervention Measure, 4 items
Measured: 6 Months
Training completion rate
Digital platform analytics: number of completed modules divided by total assigned modules
Measured: 6 Months
Fidelity
Classroom observation checklist assessing whether teachers delivered key oral health messages and activities as planned
Measured: 6 Months
Student oral health knowledge
Age-appropriate 10-20 item questionnaire on brushing, sugar intake, dental visits, and tooth protection
Measured: 6 Months
Student oral health behaviour
Self-reported questionnaire on brushing frequency, fluoride toothpaste use, sugary snack intake, and dental care-seeking
Measured: 6 Months
OHI-S
Clinical oral examination using Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index
Measured: 6 Months
Plaque Index
Silness and Löe Plaque Index assessed on selected teeth/surfaces
Measured: 6 Months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jun 2026
- Study start15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion24 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Oral Health Behavior ChangeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly allocated in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial to either a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform intervention or a control group receiving standard training or routine practice. The intervention consists of mobile-based microlearning modules, quizzes, reminders, and feedback designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and delivery of oral health education. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The study will evaluate effectiveness outcomes (teacher oral health literacy and student oral health outcomes), implementation outcomes (acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, and engagement), and equity outcomes. The trial follows a Hybrid Type 2 Effectiveness-Implementation design, simultaneously assessing intervention effectiveness and implementation performance in real-world school settings.
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 870 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Arshed Muhammad, Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Investigators
- Muhammad Arshed, PhD, Principal investigator, Baqai Medical University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07645612
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- BMUU
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 8 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 12 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The study protocol, statistical plan, and results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed Journals.
Publications
Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, Powell BJ, Dorsey CN, Clary AS, Boynton MH, Halko H. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci. 2017 Aug 29;12(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0635-3.
PubMed 28851459Kameg BN, Constantino RE. #MeToo and "Time's Up": Implications for Psychiatric and Mental Health Nurses. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc. 2018 May/Jun;24(3):188-189. doi: 10.1177/1078390318763267. No abstract available.
PubMed 29779463Maus T, Carter R, El-Yahchouchi C, Geske J, Diehn F. Letter to the editor. Pain Med. 2014 May;15(5):879-81. doi: 10.1111/pme.12425. Epub 2014 Mar 21. No abstract available.
PubMed 24655572De Gagne JC, Park HK, Hall K, Woodward A, Yamane S, Kim SS. Microlearning in Health Professions Education: Scoping Review. JMIR Med Educ. 2019 Jul 23;5(2):e13997. doi: 10.2196/13997.
PubMed 31339105
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training: Effects on Oral Health Literacy, Implementation, and Student Oral Health Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07645612
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BMUU
- Keywords
- Oral Health Literacy; Digital Learning; Teacher Training; Implementation Outcomes; Health Equity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 870 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra MalaysiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 24 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 12 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and support the delivery of oral health education in schools. Teachers play an important role in promoting healthy behaviors among children, but many have limited access to structured oral health training. Digital microlearning approaches may provide a scalable and cost-effective solution for strengthening teacher capacity in school-based oral health promotion.
Teachers assigned to the intervention group will receive access to a digital learning platform that delivers short, interactive, and evidence-based oral health training modules through mobile devices. The platform will provide educational content, reminders, quizzes, feedback, and progress monitoring. Teachers in the control group will receive standard information or routine training practices.
The study will assess changes in teachers' oral health literacy, knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in delivering oral health education. It will also evaluate implementation outcomes, including acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, and engagement with the digital platform. In addition, the study will examine whether improvements in teacher training lead to better oral health knowledge, behaviors, and clinical oral health outcomes among students.
Detailed description
Oral diseases remain among the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting children worldwide and disproportionately burden populations in low- and middle-income countries. Schools are recognized as an important setting for oral health promotion because they provide sustained access to children during critical periods of behavioral development. Teachers are key agents in implementing school-based oral health interventions; however, limited training opportunities, competing responsibilities, and resource constraints often reduce their effectiveness in delivering oral health education.
Digital learning technologies provide opportunities to overcome these challenges through flexible, scalable, and low-cost training approaches. Just-in-Time learning is an educational strategy that delivers concise information at the point of need, enabling users to acquire knowledge and skills in a timely and accessible manner. Despite growing interest in digital health education, evidence regarding the effectiveness and implementation of digital oral health training for teachers remains limited.
This randomized controlled trial will evaluate a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform developed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and strengthen the delivery of school-based oral health promotion activities. The intervention consists of short digital microlearning modules, interactive quizzes, reminders, feedback mechanisms, and performance-monitoring features accessible through mobile devices.
The primary objective is to determine the effect of the intervention on teachers' oral health literacy. Secondary objectives include assessing changes in teachers' oral health knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and educational practices, as well as student oral health knowledge, behaviors, and clinical oral health outcomes. The study will further evaluate implementation outcomes including acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, engagement, and sustainability using implementation science frameworks. Equity analyses will assess whether intervention effects differ according to school location, socioeconomic characteristics, or other contextual factors.
The results will contribute to the evidence base for digital capacity-building strategies in school health programs and provide guidance for policymakers seeking scalable and sustainable approaches to improve oral health promotion through educational systems.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly allocated in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial to either a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform intervention or a control group receiving standard training or routine practice. The intervention consists of mobile-based microlearning modules, quizzes, reminders, and feedback designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and delivery of oral health education. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The study will evaluate effectiveness outcomes (teacher oral health literacy and student oral health outcomes), implementation outcomes (acceptability, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, reach, and engagement), and equity outcomes. The trial follows a Hybrid Type 2 Effectiveness-Implementation design, simultaneously assessing intervention effectiveness and implementation performance in real-world school settings.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training | Experimental | Behavioral: Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health TrainingParticipants in this arm will receive access to a Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform designed to improve teachers' oral health literacy and capacity to deliver school-based oral health education. The intervention includes short mobile-based microlearning modules, educational videos, interactive quizzes, reminders, feedback, digital learning resources, and progress tracking. Content covers oral health knowledge, preventive practices, oral hygiene promotion, and classroom implementation strategies. Teachers will engage with the platform throughout the intervention period and apply learned concepts in routine school activities. The intervention is designed to improve teacher oral health literacy, implementation outcomes, and student oral health outcomes. |
| Standard Teacher Training or Routine Practice | No intervention | –Participants in this arm will continue routine educational practices and receive standard training or information available through existing school systems. They will not receive access to the Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform during the study period. Outcomes will be assessed at the same time points as the intervention group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health TrainingTeachers assigned to the intervention group will receive access to a mobile-based Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform delivering short oral health microlearning modules, interactive quizzes, reminders, educational resources, and feedback. The intervention aims to improve teachers' oral health literacy, teaching practices, and implementation of school-based oral health promotion activities, ultimately improving student oral health outcomes. | Behavioural | Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training |
Primary outcome
Teacher Oral Health Literacy Score
Time frame: Baseline to post-intervention (e.g., 6 months)
Teacher oral health literacy will be assessed using a structured oral health literacy questionnaire completed by participating teachers at baseline and post-intervention. Each item will be scored according to the questionnaire scoring instructions, and item scores will be summed to generate a total oral health literacy score. Higher scores will indicate greater oral health literacy. The primary analysis will compare the change in mean oral health literacy score from baseline to post-intervention between the intervention and control groups.
11 secondary outcomes
Teacher oral health knowledge
Time frame: 6 Months
Teaching self-efficacy
Time frame: 6 Months
AIM score
Time frame: 6 Months
IAM score
Time frame: 6 Months
FIM score
Time frame: 6 Months
Training completion rate
Time frame: 6 Months
Fidelity
Time frame: 6 Months
Student oral health knowledge
Time frame: 6 Months
Student oral health behaviour
Time frame: 6 Months
OHI-S
Time frame: 6 Months
Plaque Index
Time frame: 6 Months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Jun 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 28851459Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, Powell BJ, Dorsey CN, Clary AS, Boynton MH, Halko H. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci. 2017 Aug 29;12(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0635-3.
- Results publication: PubMed 29779463Kameg BN, Constantino RE. #MeToo and "Time's Up": Implications for Psychiatric and Mental Health Nurses. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc. 2018 May/Jun;24(3):188-189. doi: 10.1177/1078390318763267. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 24655572Maus T, Carter R, El-Yahchouchi C, Geske J, Diehn F. Letter to the editor. Pain Med. 2014 May;15(5):879-81. doi: 10.1111/pme.12425. Epub 2014 Mar 21. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 31339105De Gagne JC, Park HK, Hall K, Woodward A, Yamane S, Kim SS. Microlearning in Health Professions Education: Scoping Review. JMIR Med Educ. 2019 Jul 23;5(2):e13997. doi: 10.2196/13997.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The study protocol, statistical plan, and results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed Journals.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Muhammad Arshed, PhD principal investigator
Baqai Medical University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Just-in-Time Digital Learning Platform for Teacher Oral Health Training in people with Oral Health Behavior Change and Oral Hygiene, Oral Health, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Muhammad Arshed, Ph.D. (+923337474464, drarshedchaudhary@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Teacher Oral Health Literacy Score (time frame: Baseline to post-intervention (e.g., 6 months)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07645612, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Jun 2026.