Sedantary ActivityDWCENCT07609979
EFFECTS OF DEEP WATER CORE EXERCİSES ON BALANCE AND MUSCLE STRENGTH İN SEDENTARY WOMEN
A study testing Deep Water Core Exercise in people with Sedantary Activity and Balance, run by Igdir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of these clinical trials is to investigate the current effects of a 12-week deep-sea exercise program on sedentary, balance, and muscle strength. The key questions the study aimed to answer were: Does deep-sea exercise improve the development of sedentary dynamic and static balance? Does deep-sea exercise… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 40 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Sedantary Activity, Balance, Muscle Strength Development
- What is being tested?
- Deep Water Core Exercise
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 16 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 8 Dec 2024to 3 Mar 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 40 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Inclusion Criteria:Participant inclusion criteria were: (i) not having suffered any orthopedic injury (fracture, dislocation, serious musculoskeletal injury, etc.) in the past six months, (ii) being able to easily perform the exercises in the pool, (iii) having basic swimming skills to ensure their safety, and (v) committing to fully participating in 12 weeks of exercise programs and measurements.
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Exclusion Criteria:Exclusion criteria are (i) taking any medication that could negatively affect study results and (ii) having a health condition that would prevent them from entering the water (infection, aquaphobia, or skin diseases, etc.). To maintain the study's achievements, participants who missed more than 20% (i.e., 8 or more) of the total exercise sessions during the 12-week intervention period were excluded from the study.
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Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Semi-Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool, Batman Municipality
Batman, Batman, 72000
About this study
Official title: INVESTİGATİON OF THE EFFECTS OF DEEP WATER CORE STRENGTHENİNG EXERCİSES ON BALANCE AND MUSCLE STRENGTH İN SEDENTARY INDİVİDUALS
The aim of these clinical trials is to investigate the current effects of a 12-week deep-sea exercise program on sedentary, balance, and muscle strength. The key questions the study aimed to answer were:
- Does deep-sea exercise improve the development of sedentary dynamic and static balance?
- Does deep-sea exercise increase upper and lower extremity muscle strength?
Researchers compared an exercise group to a control group to assess exercise performance.
The experimental groups performed deep-sea exercises three times a week for 12 weeks. Dynamic balance, static balance, and muscle strength measurements were assessed at baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12.
Read the detailed description
Background: Aquatic physical exercise is becoming increasingly important in preventing loss of strength and balance caused by sedentary lifestyles, a critical public health issue. Therefore, the effects of deep-water abdominal strengthening exercises on balance and muscle strength in sedentary women were investigated.
Methods: A total of 16 sedentary women volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, with an equal number of participants in each group. The experimental group participated in a deep-water abdominal strengthening exercise program three days a week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not participate in any exercise intervention. Participants underwent static and dynamic balance tests at four time points (baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 12), as well as one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests for the shoulder, chest, and leg regions.
- Being tested
- Deep Water Core Exercise
- Keywords
- Sedentary women, Deep water exercise, Core strengthening, Aquatic exercise, Balance, Muscle strength
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Deep Water Core ExerciseBehavioural
Also called Aquatic Core Exercise
Participants underwent a deep-water core strengthening exercise program in a semi-Olympic indoor swimming pool three days a week for 12 weeks under the supervision of researchers. Each exercise session lasted approximately 45 minutes and consisted of warm-up, core strengthening, and cool-down sections. The exercise program was planned according to the principle of progressive loading, and the number of sets and repetitions was gradually increased throughout the process. During the exercise sessions, one instructor actively guided the participants in the pool while another instructor observed and monitored from outside the pool. Adaptation sessions were conducted before the study to ensure the participants adapted to the water. Muscle strength and balance measurements were evaluated at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. No exercise-related injuries or adverse events were observed during the study.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | The experimental group is undergoing a deep-sea strengthening exercise program three days a week for 12 weeks. The exercise program included water-based core stabilization and strengthening exercises performed in deep water conditions. Receives: Behavioral: Deep Water Core Exercise |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants in the control group did not participate in any structured exercise intervention during the study period. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Assessment of physical activity level (IPAQ)
To assess the physical activity levels of the participants, the International Economic Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) consisting of document and 7 questions was used by Craig et al. The survey includes questions aimed at collecting information about the frequency and duration of low, moderate, and high-intensity physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes over the past 7 days.The amount of energy required for activities is calculated using metabolic equivalents (MET). To evaluate the scale, the MET value of each item is multiplied by the duration and day score to obtain the total physical activity score (METmin/week). A score below 600 indicates low-intensity physical activity, a score between 600 and 3000 indicates moderate-intensity, and a score above 3000 indicates vigorous physical activity
Measured: Baseline
Dynamic Balance Performance
Dynamic balance performance was assessed using the Y Balance Test. Participants performed single-leg reach movements on a stable surface in the front, back inward, and back outward directions. During the test, individuals were instructed to hold their hands at hip level and place their heels on the ground. They were also instructed to lightly touch the furthest point of the outstretched leg with their toes. It was stated that the test would be repeated in case of any deviations from the protocol, such as falling, full landing, or the other foot touching the ground. Three trials were performed in each direction, and the average was recorded in centimeters. After recording the measurement data, the percentage maximum reach distance (%MaxD) was normalized according to limb length using the formula: (reach distance/limb length) × 100 = %MAXD. This normalization allows for consistent comparisons, both between right and left limbs and among participants, taking into account variations in li
Measured: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
Static Balance
Participants' static balance was determined using the Flamingo balance test. A board measuring 50 cm long, 4 cm high, and 3 cm wide was used to administer the Flamingo balance test. Individuals were instructed to place their preferred foot in the center of the balance platform, keep their knee at maximum flexion with their hand on the same side, and focus on a fixed point at eye level. The test lasted 1 minute (60 seconds), and the duration was monitored with a stopwatch. The stopwatch was started when the individual was ready to maintain balance, and each instance of the individual losing balance and placing their other foot on the ground was recorded as a loss of balance within 60 seconds. During this time, the timer was stopped at each loss of balance, and the individual was allowed to reposition themselves. If the individual experienced more than 15 losses of balance within 30 seconds, the test was terminated early. The balance test was administered to participants three times, an
Measured: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
One Repetition Maximum (1RM) Strength
Participants' maximum strength values in the shoulder, chest, and leg regions were obtained using a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test procedure in 3 different exercises (shoulder press, bench press, and leg press). To determine 1RM, participants performed 5 repetitions using an estimated weight. Then, the load was decreased or increased by 3.5-10 kg in each phase until the correct 1RM value was found using the correct technique, and the test continued. The test was terminated when the individual could not complete 5 repetitions, and a 3-5 minute rest period was given between all trials requiring maximum effort to reach 1RM with the final weight between 3 and 5 repetitions. The maximum strength values of the individuals were determined using the following formula: 1RM Formula: 100 x load (kg) / (102.78 - 2.78 x number of repetitions). The weight successfully lifted was recorded as the maximum strength value.
Measured: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 May 2026
- Study start8 Dec 2024
- Primary completion3 Mar 2025
- Study completion3 Mar 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Sedantary ActivityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. The experimental group performed abdominal muscle strengthening exercises in deep water three times a week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not participate in any exercise intervention during the study period.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Igdir University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ibrahim CAN, Igdir University
- Investigators
- İbrahim CAN, Professor, Principal investigator, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Iğdır UniversityMerve C KARTAL, PhD in Sports Sciences, Study director, Batman Municipality Sports Affairs Directorate
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07609979
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DWCE-2024-01
- Acronym
- DWCE
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 20 May 2026
- Last updated
- 27 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data will not be shared in order to protect participant privacy and confidentiality.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- INVESTİGATİON OF THE EFFECTS OF DEEP WATER CORE STRENGTHENİNG EXERCİSES ON BALANCE AND MUSCLE STRENGTH İN SEDENTARY INDİVİDUALS
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07609979
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DWCE / DWCE-2024-01
- Keywords
- Sedentary women, Deep water exercise, Core strengthening, Aquatic exercise, Balance, Muscle strength
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Igdir UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Mar 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of these clinical trials is to investigate the current effects of a 12-week deep-sea exercise program on sedentary, balance, and muscle strength. The key questions the study aimed to answer were:
- Does deep-sea exercise improve the development of sedentary dynamic and static balance?
- Does deep-sea exercise increase upper and lower extremity muscle strength?
Researchers compared an exercise group to a control group to assess exercise performance.
The experimental groups performed deep-sea exercises three times a week for 12 weeks. Dynamic balance, static balance, and muscle strength measurements were assessed at baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12.
Detailed description
Background: Aquatic physical exercise is becoming increasingly important in preventing loss of strength and balance caused by sedentary lifestyles, a critical public health issue. Therefore, the effects of deep-water abdominal strengthening exercises on balance and muscle strength in sedentary women were investigated.
Methods: A total of 16 sedentary women volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, with an equal number of participants in each group. The experimental group participated in a deep-water abdominal strengthening exercise program three days a week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not participate in any exercise intervention. Participants underwent static and dynamic balance tests at four time points (baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 12), as well as one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests for the shoulder, chest, and leg regions.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. The experimental group performed abdominal muscle strengthening exercises in deep water three times a week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not participate in any exercise intervention during the study period.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Deep Water Core ExerciseThe experimental group is undergoing a deep-sea strengthening exercise program three days a week for 12 weeks. The exercise program included water-based core stabilization and strengthening exercises performed in deep water conditions. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants in the control group did not participate in any structured exercise intervention during the study period. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 40 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Deep Water Core ExerciseAlso: Aquatic Core ExerciseParticipants underwent a deep-water core strengthening exercise program in a semi-Olympic indoor swimming pool three days a week for 12 weeks under the supervision of researchers. Each exercise session lasted approximately 45 minutes and consisted of warm-up, core strengthening, and cool-down sections. The exercise program was planned according to the principle of progressive loading, and the number of sets and repetitions was gradually increased throughout the process. During the exercise sessions, one instructor actively guided the participants in the pool while another instructor observed and monitored from outside the pool. Adaptation sessions were conducted before the study to ensure the participants adapted to the water. Muscle strength and balance measurements were evaluated at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. No exercise-related injuries or adverse events were observed during the study. | Behavioural | Experimental Group |
Primary outcome
Assessment of physical activity level (IPAQ)
Time frame: Baseline
To assess the physical activity levels of the participants, the International Economic Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) consisting of document and 7 questions was used by Craig et al. The survey includes questions aimed at collecting information about the frequency and duration of low, moderate, and high-intensity physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes over the past 7 days.The amount of energy required for activities is calculated using metabolic equivalents (MET). To evaluate the scale, the MET value of each item is multiplied by the duration and day score to obtain the total physical activity score (METmin/week). A score below 600 indicates low-intensity physical activity, a score between 600 and 3000 indicates moderate-intensity, and a score above 3000 indicates vigorous physical activity
Dynamic Balance Performance
Time frame: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
Dynamic balance performance was assessed using the Y Balance Test. Participants performed single-leg reach movements on a stable surface in the front, back inward, and back outward directions. During the test, individuals were instructed to hold their hands at hip level and place their heels on the ground. They were also instructed to lightly touch the furthest point of the outstretched leg with their toes. It was stated that the test would be repeated in case of any deviations from the protocol, such as falling, full landing, or the other foot touching the ground. Three trials were performed in each direction, and the average was recorded in centimeters. After recording the measurement data, the percentage maximum reach distance (%MaxD) was normalized according to limb length using the formula: (reach distance/limb length) × 100 = %MAXD. This normalization allows for consistent comparisons, both between right and left limbs and among participants, taking into account variations in li
Static Balance
Time frame: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
Participants' static balance was determined using the Flamingo balance test. A board measuring 50 cm long, 4 cm high, and 3 cm wide was used to administer the Flamingo balance test. Individuals were instructed to place their preferred foot in the center of the balance platform, keep their knee at maximum flexion with their hand on the same side, and focus on a fixed point at eye level. The test lasted 1 minute (60 seconds), and the duration was monitored with a stopwatch. The stopwatch was started when the individual was ready to maintain balance, and each instance of the individual losing balance and placing their other foot on the ground was recorded as a loss of balance within 60 seconds. During this time, the timer was stopped at each loss of balance, and the individual was allowed to reposition themselves. If the individual experienced more than 15 losses of balance within 30 seconds, the test was terminated early. The balance test was administered to participants three times, an
One Repetition Maximum (1RM) Strength
Time frame: Baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12
Participants' maximum strength values in the shoulder, chest, and leg regions were obtained using a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test procedure in 3 different exercises (shoulder press, bench press, and leg press). To determine 1RM, participants performed 5 repetitions using an estimated weight. Then, the load was decreased or increased by 3.5-10 kg in each phase until the correct 1RM value was found using the correct technique, and the test continued. The test was terminated when the individual could not complete 5 repetitions, and a 3-5 minute rest period was given between all trials requiring maximum effort to reach 1RM with the final weight between 3 and 5 repetitions. The maximum strength values of the individuals were determined using the following formula: 1RM Formula: 100 x load (kg) / (102.78 - 2.78 x number of repetitions). The weight successfully lifted was recorded as the maximum strength value.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data will not be shared in order to protect participant privacy and confidentiality.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
İbrahim CAN, Professor principal investigator
Faculty of Sports Sciences, Iğdır University
Merve C KARTAL, PhD in Sports Sciences study director
Batman Municipality Sports Affairs Directorate
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Deep Water Core Exercise in people with Sedantary Activity and Balance, run by Igdir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Assessment of physical activity level (IPAQ) (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 May 2026.