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Cerebral PalsyCP-SCHOOLNCT07561710

Upper Extremity Function, School Performance, and Academic Success in Children With Cerebral Palsy

An observational study of Cerebral Palsy, run by Yeditepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes, including academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success in school-aged children with cerebral palsy. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 6 to 18 years
Conditions the study is for
Cerebral Palsy
How many people
10 participants
Where
1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
Study dates
1 Jun 2026to 22 Jun 2026
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 6 to 18 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Study population: School-aged children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who meet the inclusion criteria and are actively attending school will be included in this cross-sectional observational study. Participants will be recruited from relevant clinical and educational settings. No intervention will be applied, and all participants will be assessed in a single evaluation session to examine the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes.

Who may be able to join

  • Diagnosis of cerebral palsy
  • Age between 6 and 18 years
  • Attending school (primary or secondary education)
  • Ability to understand and follow simple instructions
  • Consent from parents/guardians and assent from children when applicable

Who cannot join

  • Severe cognitive impairment preventing assessment participation
  • Severe visual or hearing impairments affecting test performance
  • Recent orthopedic surgery or botulinum toxin injection within the last 6 months
  • Other neurological or musculoskeletal conditions affecting upper extremity function
  • Inability to complete evaluation procedures

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
  • Yeditepe University Faculty of Health Sciences

    Istanbul, İ̇stanbul, 34755

Other trials in Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Official title: Investigation of the Relationship Between Upper Extremity Functionality, Academic Achievement, School Performance, and Perception of Success in School-Aged Children With Cerebral Palsy

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes, including academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success in school-aged children with cerebral palsy. The study specifically aims to evaluate how upper extremity motor function is associated with academic participation and school-based functional performance.

The main hypotheses are:

Read more

H0: There is no significant relationship between upper extremity functionality and academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success in school-aged children with cerebral palsy.

H1: There is a significant relationship between upper extremity functionality and academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success in school-aged children with cerebral palsy.

Read the detailed description

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement and posture disorders caused by non-progressive disturbances in the developing brain. It is one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions in childhood and is frequently associated with upper extremity impairments that may affect functional independence, fine motor skills, and participation in daily and school-related activities.

Upper extremity function plays a critical role in school participation, particularly in tasks such as writing, object manipulation, classroom material use, and task completion. Children with cerebral palsy often experience limitations in manual ability, which may directly or indirectly influence academic performance, school participation, and their perception of success in the school environment.

Despite the known impact of motor impairments on functional outcomes, the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes such as academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success has not been sufficiently clarified in school-aged children with cerebral palsy. Existing literature generally focuses on either motor function or academic outcomes separately, and studies evaluating these domains together remain limited.

In this context, a cross-sectional observational study will be conducted in school-aged children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who are actively attending school. Participants who meet the inclusion criteria and whose legal guardians provide informed consent will be included in the study.

Sociodemographic and clinical data will be collected using a structured data form. Upper extremity functionality will be evaluated using the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and ABILHAND-Kids. Academic achievement will be assessed using school report card grades. School performance will be evaluated using a standardized academic performance assessment scale. Perceived academic success will be measured using a validated school success perception scale.

All assessments will be performed in a single session under standardized conditions by trained physiotherapists. No intervention will be applied, and participants will continue their usual education and rehabilitation routines without any modification.

The collected data will be analyzed to determine the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes in children with cerebral palsy.

Conditions
Cerebral Palsy
Keywords
Cerebral Palsy, Upper Extremity Function, Manual Ability, School Performance, Academic Achievement, School Participation, Pediatric Rehabilitation
Medical subject headings
Cerebral Palsy

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Study groups in NCT07561710
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Cerebral Palsy Upper Extremity Function Group (CP-UEF-G)The study population consists of school-aged children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who meet the inclusion criteria and are actively attending school. The study is designed as a cross-sectional observational study and aims to evaluate the relationship between upper extremity functionality and school-related outcomes. Participants will not receive any experimental intervention. All participants will continue their routine medical care, rehabilitation programs, and school activities without any modification. All assessments will be conducted in a single session and will include evaluation of upper extremity functionality, academic achievement, school performance, and perceived academic success. Upper extremity functionality will be assessed using the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and ABILHAND-Kids. Academic achievement will be evaluated using school report card grades. School performance will be assessed using a standardized academic performance evaluation scale. Percei

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Upper Extremity Functionality (MACS)

    The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) was used to evaluate upper extremity functional ability in children with cerebral palsy. MACS classifies how children use their hands to handle objects in daily activities. The system consists of five levels, ranging from Level I (handles objects easily and successfully) to Level V (does not handle objects and has severely limited ability). Scores range from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum). Lower levels indicate better manual ability and functional independence.The scale ranges from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum).

    Measured: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]

  2. Upper Extremity Functional Performance (ABILHAND-Kids)

    The ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire was used to assess perceived manual ability in children with cerebral palsy. It evaluates the child's ability to perform daily activities involving upper extremity use, such as dressing, writing, and handling objects. The scale consists of 21 items, with total scores typically converted to a logits scale (or summed scores ranging from 0 to 42), where 0 represents the minimum and 42 represents the maximum ability. Higher scores indicate better manual ability and functional performance in daily life.The total score ranges from 0 (minimum) to 42 (maximum).

    Measured: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]

  3. Academic Achievement

    Academic achievement was evaluated using students' official school report card grades. This measure reflects overall academic success in core subjects and provides an objective indicator of educational performance. Grades are reported on a scale from 0 (minimum) to 100 (maximum). Higher grades indicate better academic achievement.

    Measured: [Time Frame: Most recent academic term at baseline]

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. School Performance

    School performance was assessed using the Academic Performance Evaluation Scale. This measure evaluates the child's participation, task completion, attention, and functional performance in the school environment. The scale consists of 19 items. Mean scores range from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum). Higher scores indicate better school functioning and academic participation.The total score ranges from 0 (minimum) to 42 (maximum).

    Measured: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]

  2. Perceived Academic Success

    Perceived academic success was measured using the Perception of Success Scale. TIn this 24-item scale, for positive statements that support success, a score of 5 is given for "Strongly Agree" and 1 for "Strongly Disagree". For negative statements that hinder success, the scoring is reversed from 1 to 5 and then summed. A high total score indicates that the student has a strong and positive perception of success, high academic self-confidence, and effectively utilizes factors that support success. Conversely, a low total score indicates that the student feels significant obstacles to success (such as anxiety, lack of planning, lack of motivation, etc.) and may need support in academic processes.

    Measured: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]

  3. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data

    Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, diagnosis details, and functional level, were collected using a Structured Clinical Data Form to describe the study population. Age is measured in years, while categorical data such as gender and functional level are reported as frequencies and percentages. Each variable is aggregated as a single descriptive value (mean or frequency) to provide a baseline profile of the participants.

    Measured: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted1 May 2026
  2. Study start1 Jun 2026
  3. Primary completion22 Jun 2026
  4. Study completion22 Jun 2026

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrolment
10 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07561710
Sponsor's protocol ID
yeditepe02
Acronym
CP-SCHOOL
Status last verified
Jun 2026
First submitted
25 Apr 2026
Last updated
26 Jun 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: IPD will not be shared due to participant confidentiality and ethical restrictions related to pediatric clinical data.

Publications

  • Kim HY. An investigation of the factors affecting handwriting articulation of school aged children with cerebral palsy based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jan;28(2):347-50. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.347. Epub 2016 Feb 29.

    PubMed 27065517
  • Tukel Kavak S, Eliasson AC. Development of handwriting skill in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Disabil Rehabil. 2011;33(21-22):2084-91. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2011.560335. Epub 2011 Mar 30.

    PubMed 21446885
  • Sahin E, Dilek B, Karakas A, Engin O, Gulbahar S, Faruk Dadas O, Peker MO, El O. Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the ABILHAND-Kids Survey in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2020 Jun 24;66(4):444-451. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2020.4091. eCollection 2020 Dec.

    PubMed 33364565
  • Park H, Choi JY, Yi SH, Park ES, Shim D, Choi TY, Rha DW. Relationship between the more-affected upper limb function and daily activity performance in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr. 2021 Oct 19;21(1):459. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02927-2.

    PubMed 34666730
  • Micheletti S, Galli J, Vezzoli M, Scaglioni V, Agostini S, Calza S, Merabet LB, Fazzi E. Academic skills in children with cerebral palsy and specific learning disorders. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2024 Jun;66(6):778-792. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15808. Epub 2023 Nov 21.

    PubMed 37990438
  • Marsh HW, Martin AJ. Academic self-concept and academic achievement: relations and causal ordering. Br J Educ Psychol. 2011 Mar;81(Pt 1):59-77. doi: 10.1348/000709910X503501.

    PubMed 21391964
  • Makki D, Duodu J, Nixon M. Prevalence and pattern of upper limb involvement in cerebral palsy. J Child Orthop. 2014 May;8(3):215-9. doi: 10.1007/s11832-014-0593-0. Epub 2014 May 14.

    PubMed 24824566
  • Constand MK, MacDermid JC. Applications of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in goal-setting practices in healthcare. Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(15):1305-14. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2013.845256. Epub 2013 Oct 23.

    PubMed 24151819
  • Jovellar-Isiegas P, Resa Collados I, Jaen-Carrillo D, Roche-Seruendo LE, Cuesta Garcia C. Sensory Processing, Functional Performance and Quality of Life in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 28;17(19):7116. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197116.

    PubMed 32998414
  • Huang CY, Tseng MH, Chen KL, Shieh JY, Lu L. Determinants of school activity performance in children with cerebral palsy: a multidimensional approach using the ICF-CY as a framework. Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Nov;34(11):4025-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.08.022. Epub 2013 Sep 13.

    PubMed 24036483
  • Bumin G, Kavak ST. An investigation of the factors affecting handwriting performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(18):1374-85. doi: 10.1080/09638280701673609.

    PubMed 19230231
  • Assis-Madeira EA, Carvalho SG, Blascovi-Assis SM. Functional performance of children with cerebral palsy from high and low socioeconomic status. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2013 Jan-Mar;31(1):51-7. doi: 10.1590/s0103-05822013000100009. English, Portuguese.

    PubMed 23703044
  • Akpinar P, Tezel CG, Eliasson AC, Icagasioglu A. Reliability and cross-cultural validation of the Turkish version of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32(23):1910-6. doi: 10.3109/09638281003763796.

    PubMed 20373857

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Cerebral Palsy, run by Yeditepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Upper Extremity Functionality (MACS) (time frame: [Time Frame: Baseline assessment (single session)]). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07561710, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Jun 2026.

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