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Lower-Limb AmputationMAP-CSBNCT07530601

Evaluation of a New Articulated Prosthetic Foot: Comfort, Safety and Biomechanics in Individuals With a Lower-Limb Amputation

A study testing New Articulated Prosthetic Foot and Current Prosthetic foot in people with Lower-Limb Amputation, run by Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 2 sites in Belgium.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This clinical investigation aims to evaluate a new articulated prosthetic foot during daily-life activities. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 80 years
Conditions the study is for
Lower-Limb Amputation
What is being tested?
New Articulated Prosthetic Foot and Current Prosthetic foot
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
120 participants
Where
2 sitesBelgium
Study dates
Apr 2026to Jun 2027
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 80 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age: 18 - 80 years
  • Gender: Men and Women
  • Level of amputation:
  • Unilateral / bilateral
  • Transtibial / transfemoral / knee disarticulation / hip disarticulation
  • Cause of amputation:
Show all 9Show fewer
  • Vascular, traumatic, cancer and congenital
  • Medicare Functional Classification Level: K2-K3-K4
  • Completion of post-amputation rehabilitation

Who cannot join

  • Any neurological disease
  • Excessive residual limb pain and wounds

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Belgium2 sites
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Brussels, Brussels Capital, 1050

    Kevin De Pauw, 475 67 82 64 ext. +32, kevin.de.pauw@vub.be

    Kevin De Pauw

  • Axiles Bionics

    Brussels, Brussels Capital, 1130

    Fanny Delquignies, 6 70 69 94 23 ext. +33, fanny@axilesbionics.com

    Fanny Delquignies

Other trials in Belgium

About this study

Official title: Multidimensional Assessment of a New Ankle-Foot Prosthesis in Daily Use: User Comfort, Safety, and Biomechanical Performance

This clinical investigation aims to evaluate a new articulated prosthetic foot during daily-life activities.

Read the detailed description

This clinical investigation aims to evaluate a new articulated prosthetic foot during daily-life activities.

The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and comfort of the new prosthetic foot, along with user satisfaction and its impact on quality of life during daily-life activities. The study aims to determine whether the prosthetic foot can be safely and effectively integrated into the users' routine mobility, while also providing a comfortable experience that enhances overall well-being. In addition to these primary outcomes, the study will address several secondary objectives to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the device's performance. These include assessing the biomechanical characteristics of walking with the new prosthetic foot, specifically focusing on gait parameters. The investigation also aims to evaluate the device's shock absorption capabilities and its ability to support multi-axial movement, both of which are important for natural and efficient locomotion. Furthermore, the study will explore the attentional demand required when walking with the new prosthetic foot, providing insight into how the device affects mental engagement during ambulation. Lastly, the influence of prosthetic alignment on performance and user experience will be examined to optimize fitting and functionality.

Overall, the new prosthetic foot will be assessed during a variety of daily-life activities, with varying familiarization periods, allowing for a holistic evaluation of the prosthetic foot in realistic and diverse usage conditions.

Being tested
New Articulated Prosthetic Foot, Current Prosthetic foot
Keywords
ankle-foot prosthesis, daily-life activities

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • New Articulated Prosthetic FootDevice

    Participants with a lower-limb amputation will participate in experiments with the prosthetic device

  • Current Prosthetic footDevice

    Participants with a lower-limb amputation will participate in experiments with the prosthetic device

Study groups in NCT07530601
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
New Articulated Prosthetic FootExperimentalParticipants will be fitted with the new articulated prosthetic foot and follow the protocol
Receives: Device: New Articulated Prosthetic Foot
Current Prosthetic footActive comparatorParticipants will be fitted with their current prosthetic foot and follow the protocol
Receives: Device: Current Prosthetic foot

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Comparative Scales: Comfort, Safety, Fatigue and Pain

    Visual Analog Scale (VAS) during different activities: walking on flat ground, walking on slopes, climbing and descending stairs, and walking on uneven terrain.

    VAS is between 0 and 100. Higher scores indicate higher comfort, safety, fatigue or pain.

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  2. Preference questionnaire: 5 points Likert scale

    Comparison between the current foot and the new articulated foot in several areas : Mobility \& Functionality, Comfort \& Fit, Stability \& Safety, Mechanical Performance. Likert scale is between 1 and 5, where 1 indicates "Much worse", and 5 indicates "Much better".

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  3. User satisfaction questionnaire: 5 points Likert scale

    Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST-device). Satisfaction scale is between 1 and 5, where 1 indicates "Not satisfied at all", and 5 indicates "Very satisfied".

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Hill assessment index

    Walking on slopes. Hill assessment index is between 0 and 11, where 0 indicates "Cannot do" and 11 indicates "Even steps without assistive device"

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  2. Stair assessment index

    Climbing and descending stairs. Index goes from 0 to 13, where 0 means "Cannot do" and 13 means "Without rail and assistive device, step over step pattern".

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  3. Ankle Joint angles and angular velocities

    Measured through onboard sensors (ankle encoder), in degrees and degrees/second.

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  4. Temporal Gait parameters

    Step time, stance and swing time, measured in seconds through on-board sensors (IMUs).

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  5. Ankle Joint Moment

    Measured through on-board sensors (force sensor and ankle encoder) expressed in Newton*meter.

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  6. Ankle Joint Power

    Measured through on-board sensors (force sensor and ankle encoder) expressed in Watt.

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  7. Shock absorption

    Measure of the shock absorption using data from Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) sensors. The measurement is expressed as a continuous value in multiples of g (g = gravitational force).

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  8. Multi-axial movement

    Movement of the prosthetic ankle in the sagittal, coronal and transverse plane, measured in degrees with respect to its rest position. Measured via on-board Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and ankle encoder.

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

  9. Attentional demand

    Dual-task L-test: functional mobility assessment measuring the time taken to walk 20 meters in an L-shaped path, while simultaneously performing a cognitive task (e.g. subtractions).

    Measured: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted15 Apr 2026
  2. Study startApr 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completionApr 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completionJun 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Crossover
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
120 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07530601
Sponsor's protocol ID
CIV-25-10-054755
Acronym
MAP-CSB
Status last verified
Mar 2026
First submitted
19 Mar 2026
Last updated
15 Apr 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Agrawal V, Gailey RS, Gaunaurd IA, O'Toole C, Finnieston A, Tolchin R. Comparison of four different categories of prosthetic feet during ramp ambulation in unilateral transtibial amputees. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2015 Oct;39(5):380-9. doi: 10.1177/0309364614536762. Epub 2014 Jun 12.

    PubMed 24925671
  • General Assembly of the World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. J Am Coll Dent. 2014 Summer;81(3):14-8.

    PubMed 25951678
  • Shepherd MK, Simon AM, Zisk J, Hargrove LJ. Patient-Preferred Prosthetic Ankle-Foot Alignment for Ramps and Level-Ground Walking. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2021;29:52-59. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2020.3033711. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

    PubMed 33104504
  • Schmalz T, Blumentritt S, Marx B. Biomechanical analysis of stair ambulation in lower limb amputees. Gait Posture. 2007 Feb;25(2):267-78. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.04.008. Epub 2006 May 24.

    PubMed 16725325
  • Omana H, Madou E, Montero-Odasso M, Payne MW, Viana R, Hunter SW. The effect of dual-task testing on the balance and gait of people with lower limb amputations: A systematic review. PM R. 2023 Jan;15(1):94-128. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12702. Epub 2021 Nov 13.

    PubMed 34464018
  • Maciejasz P, Budny T, Sauer M, Umari M, Korber J, Ernst J, Altenburg B, Hahn A, Braatz F. User preference and patient benefits of a novel energy storing and return foot: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2025 Dec 1;49(6):645-653. doi: 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000415. Epub 2024 Dec 4.

    PubMed 39630588
  • Legro MW, Reiber GD, Smith DG, del Aguila M, Larsen J, Boone D. Prosthesis evaluation questionnaire for persons with lower limb amputations: assessing prosthesis-related quality of life. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Aug;79(8):931-8. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90090-9.

    PubMed 9710165
  • Lathouwers E, Ampe T, Diaz MA, Meeusen R, De Pauw K. Evaluation of an articulated passive ankle-foot prosthesis. Biomed Eng Online. 2022 Apr 27;21(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12938-022-00997-6.

    PubMed 35477464
  • Jonkergouw N, Prins MR, Buis AW, van der Wurff P. The Effect of Alignment Changes on Unilateral Transtibial Amputee's Gait: A Systematic Review. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 6;11(12):e0167466. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167466. eCollection 2016.

    PubMed 27923050
  • Hunter SW, Frengopoulos C, Holmes J, Viana R, Payne MW. Determining Reliability of a Dual-Task Functional Mobility Protocol for Individuals With Lower Extremity Amputation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2018 Apr;99(4):707-712. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.12.008. Epub 2018 Jan 6.

    PubMed 29317224
  • Highsmith MJ, Kahle JT, Kaluf B, Miro RM, Mengelkoch LJ, Klenow TD. PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE HILL ASSESSMENT INDEX (HAI) AND STAIR ASSESSMENT INDEX (SAI) IN HIGH-FUNCTIONING TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTEES. Technol Innov. 2016 Sep;18(2-3):193-201. doi: 10.21300/18.2-3.2016.193.

    PubMed 28066528
  • Hahn A, Sreckovic I, Reiter S, Mileusnic M. First results concerning the safety, walking, and satisfaction with an innovative, microprocessor-controlled four-axes prosthetic foot. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2018 Jun;42(3):350-356. doi: 10.1177/0309364617747976. Epub 2018 Feb 5.

    PubMed 29400252
  • Demers, L., Weiss-Lambrou, R., & Ska, B. (2002). The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0): an overview and recent progress. Technology and disability, 14(3), 101-105.

  • Bai X, Ewins D, Crocombe AD, Xu W. Kinematic and biomimetic assessment of a hydraulic ankle/foot in level ground and camber walking. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 13;12(7):e0180836. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180836. eCollection 2017.

    PubMed 28704428

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing New Articulated Prosthetic Foot and Current Prosthetic foot in people with Lower-Limb Amputation, run by Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 2 sites in Belgium.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in Belgium. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Kevin De Pauw (475 67 82 64 ext. +32, kevin.de.pauw@vub.be), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Comparative Scales: Comfort, Safety, Fatigue and Pain (time frame: Through study completion, a period of 3 hours.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07530601, which also lists 14 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Apr 2026.

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