Chronic Pain ManagementNCT07523126
EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRONEURO-STIMULATION OF THE VAGUS NERVE ON JOINT PAIN SEQUELAE OF CHIKUNGUNYA FEVER IN THE LOWER LIMBS
A study testing Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation, Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuation and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in people with Chronic Pain Management and Chronic Pain and Comorbid Emotional Problems, run by Universidade Federal de Pernambuco at 1 site in Brazil.
Trial summary
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing chronic lower limb joint pain in individuals with sequelae of Chikungunya fever. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Pain Management, Chronic Pain and Comorbid Emotional Problems
- What is being tested?
- Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation, Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuation and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 51 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBrazil
- Study dates
- 4 Feb 2025to 15 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- People of either sex who are over 18 years of age, Clinical diagnosis of Chikungunya confirmed by laboratory test and/or medical report; Chronic joint pain in one or more lower limb joints lasting at least 3 months after infection; Ability to ambulate independently or with assistive devices; Intact skin integrity in the auricular region and areas of electrode placement; Residing in the state of Pernambuco.
Who cannot join
- Neurological disorders; Decompensated cardiorespiratory diseases; Pre-existing systemic rheumatic diseases prior to Chikungunya infection; History of seizures or epilepsy; Presence of implanted electronic devices (e.g., pacemakers); Pregnancy; Orofacial or ear pain; Skin lesions, infections, or impaired sensation at stimulation sites; Thrombophlebitis, ischemic or ulcerated areas; Neoplasms; Use of medications or substances that increase seizure risk; Current participation in other physiotherapy treatments during the study period; Conditions that prevent attendance at the study site.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Brazil1 site
Federal University of Pernambuco - Department of Physiotherapy, Electrophototherapy Laboratory
Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420
About this study
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing chronic lower limb joint pain in individuals with sequelae of Chikungunya fever. Post-Chikungunya chronic pain is a prevalent and disabling condition associated with persistent inflammation, neuroimmune alterations, and central sensitization mechanisms, which negatively impact functionality and quality of life. Given the lack of specific treatments with established efficacy, vagal neuromodulation emerges as a promising approach. This is a randomized, controlled, parallel, three-arm clinical trial involving adults with chronic joint pain lasting at least three months after Chikungunya infection. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three groups: taVNS, peripheral TENS (active control), or sham stimulation (placebo). The study will use a double-blind design for both participants and evaluators. The interventions will take place twice a week for three weeks, totaling six 30-minute sessions. taVNS will be applied to the superior concha of the left ear using standardized parameters, with intensity adjusted to a comfortable sensory threshold. The active control group will receive TENS on the painful joint, while the sham group will receive auricular stimulation without effective vagal activation. The primary outcome will be the change in pain intensity, assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life (SF-36), pressure pain threshold, joint temperature, and functional performance (Timed Up and Go). The analysis will follow the linear mixed-effects using repeated measures models. The results are expected to strengthen the evidence for taVNS as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing chronic post-Chikungunya pain.
- Being tested
- Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation, Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuation, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
- Medical subject headings
- Chronic Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulationDevice
Also called taVNS
The transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulations is a non-pharmacological analgesic intervention for the treatment of pain and has been shown to be beneficial in epilepsy, depression, chronic pain and inflammatory diseases.
Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuationDevice
Also called Peripheral TENS
The transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimulation is another non-pharmacological analgesic intervention for the treatment of chronic and acute pain, it has studies about it effectiveness in this types of pain for 50 years.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulationDevice
Also called Sham taVNS
The sham stimulation mimics the sensory experience of active stimulation without producing therapeutic neuromodulatory effects.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental | Individuals receiving a TENS current application protocol in the superior concha of the left ear, the outer ear area innervated by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. They recive the tVNS intervention. Receives: Device: Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation |
| Group 2 | Active comparator | Individuals receiving a TENS current application protocol in a painful lower limb joint (knee or ankle) Receives: Device: Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuation |
| G3 | Sham comparator | individuals receiving a TENS current in the left ear lobe only, an area not innervated by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve, without effective vagal activation Receives: Device: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Analogue Scale
The visual analog pain scale (VAS) is used, a one-dimensional instrument for assessing pain intensity. It is a line whose ends are numbered 0-10. One end of the line is marked "no pain" and the other "worst pain imaginable".
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 3-week intervention period
Secondary outcomes (4)
Quality of life (SF-36)
The 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) is used to assess quality of life. It consists of 36 items covering 8 domains: Functioning (10 items), physical aspects (4 items), pain (2 items), general health (5 items), vitality (4 items), social aspects (2 items), emotional aspects (3 items), mental health (5 items).
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Pressure Pain Threshold
A KRATOS pressure algometer (PA), model DDK electronic, with a flat, circular metal probe with a diameter of 01 cm and a pressure in kilogram force (kgf) is used to measure the pressure pain threshold.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Digital thermography
Joint temperature will be assessed using infrared thermography under controlled environmental conditions to evaluate changes associated with inflammation.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Timed Up and Go
An Android smartphone with the MOMENTUM SCIENCE app installed is used to assess the dynamic balance. The smartphone is attached to the lumbar region between L3 and L5 with a Velcro strap to hold it in place and the Time UP and Go (TUG) test is performed.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Apr 2026
- Study start4 Feb 2025
- Primary completion10 Apr 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chronic Pain ManagementStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Luiza Moneta Araújo, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07523126
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 83524324.0.0000.5208
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 4 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 13 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Aguiar-Santos M, et al. Spatial analysis of the incidence of Chikungunya fever and associated socioeconomic, demographic and vector infestation factors in municipalities of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2015-2021. 2023;26. Badran BW, et al. Neurophysiologic effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) via electrical stimulation of the tragus: a concurrent taVNS/fMRI study and review. Brain Stimul. 2018;11(3):492-500. Botha C, et al. Modulation of parasympathetic nervous system tone influences oesophageal pain hypersensitivity. Gut. 2015;64(4):611-617. Brazil Ministry of Health. Health Surveillance Guide. 5th ed. Brasília (DF): Ministry of Health; 2022. Butt MF, et al. The anatomical basis for transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation. J Anat. 2020;236(4):588-611. Irigoyen MC, et al. Revisiting sympathetic nervous system physiology: what's new? Rev Bras Hipertens. 2014;24(2):9-15. Crossman AR, Neary D. Neuroanatomy: An Illustrated Colour Text. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 1997. Farmer AD, Aziz Q. Vagally mediated analgesia: breath-holding during exhalation as a simple manipulation to reduce pain perception. Pain Med. 2015;16(12):2417-2418. Hamer HM, Bauer S. Lessons learned from transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS). Epilepsy Behav. 2019;83-84. Hartley S, et al. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation: a new therapeutic approach for pharmacoresistant restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2023;26(3):629-637. Lopes N, Nozawa C, Linhares REC. General characteristics and epidemiology of emerging arboviruses in Brazil. Rev Pan-Amaz Saude. 2014;5(3). Martinez JE, Grassi DC, Marques LG. Analysis of the applicability of three pain assessment instruments in different care units: outpatient, ward and emergency. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2011;51(4):299-308. Mesquita R, et al. Brazilian-Portuguese version of the SF-36: a reliable and valid quality of life out
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRONEURO-STIMULATION OF THE VAGUS NERVE ON JOINT PAIN SEQUELAE OF CHIKUNGUNYA FEVER IN THE LOWER LIMBS
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07523126
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 83524324.0.0000.5208
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Universidade Federal de PernambucoUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Apr 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 15 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing chronic lower limb joint pain in individuals with sequelae of Chikungunya fever. Post-Chikungunya chronic pain is a prevalent and disabling condition associated with persistent inflammation, neuroimmune alterations, and central sensitization mechanisms, which negatively impact functionality and quality of life. Given the lack of specific treatments with established efficacy, vagal neuromodulation emerges as a promising approach. This is a randomized, controlled, parallel, three-arm clinical trial involving adults with chronic joint pain lasting at least three months after Chikungunya infection. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three groups: taVNS, peripheral TENS (active control), or sham stimulation (placebo). The study will use a double-blind design for both participants and evaluators. The interventions will take place twice a week for three weeks, totaling six 30-minute sessions. taVNS will be applied to the superior concha of the left ear using standardized parameters, with intensity adjusted to a comfortable sensory threshold. The active control group will receive TENS on the painful joint, while the sham group will receive auricular stimulation without effective vagal activation. The primary outcome will be the change in pain intensity, assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life (SF-36), pressure pain threshold, joint temperature, and functional performance (Timed Up and Go). The analysis will follow the linear mixed-effects using repeated measures models. The results are expected to strengthen the evidence for taVNS as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing chronic post-Chikungunya pain.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental | Device: Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulationIndividuals receiving a TENS current application protocol in the superior concha of the left ear, the outer ear area innervated by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. They recive the tVNS intervention. |
| Group 2 | Active comparator | Device: Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuationIndividuals receiving a TENS current application protocol in a painful lower limb joint (knee or ankle) |
| G3 | Sham comparator | Device: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulationindividuals receiving a TENS current in the left ear lobe only, an area not innervated by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve, without effective vagal activation |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- People of either sex who are over 18 years of age, Clinical diagnosis of Chikungunya confirmed by laboratory test and/or medical report; Chronic joint pain in one or more lower limb joints lasting at least 3 months after infection; Ability to ambulate independently or with assistive devices; Intact skin integrity in the auricular region and areas of electrode placement; Residing in the state of Pernambuco.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Neurological disorders; Decompensated cardiorespiratory diseases; Pre-existing systemic rheumatic diseases prior to Chikungunya infection; History of seizures or epilepsy; Presence of implanted electronic devices (e.g., pacemakers); Pregnancy; Orofacial or ear pain; Skin lesions, infections, or impaired sensation at stimulation sites; Thrombophlebitis, ischemic or ulcerated areas; Neoplasms; Use of medications or substances that increase seizure risk; Current participation in other physiotherapy treatments during the study period; Conditions that prevent attendance at the study site.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulationAlso: taVNSThe transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulations is a non-pharmacological analgesic intervention for the treatment of pain and has been shown to be beneficial in epilepsy, depression, chronic pain and inflammatory diseases. | Device | Group 1 |
| Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuationAlso: Peripheral TENSThe transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimulation is another non-pharmacological analgesic intervention for the treatment of chronic and acute pain, it has studies about it effectiveness in this types of pain for 50 years. | Device | Group 2 |
| Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulationAlso: Sham taVNSThe sham stimulation mimics the sensory experience of active stimulation without producing therapeutic neuromodulatory effects. | Device | G3 |
Primary outcome
Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 3-week intervention period
The visual analog pain scale (VAS) is used, a one-dimensional instrument for assessing pain intensity. It is a line whose ends are numbered 0-10. One end of the line is marked "no pain" and the other "worst pain imaginable".
4 secondary outcomes
Quality of life (SF-36)
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Pressure Pain Threshold
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Digital thermography
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Timed Up and Go
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (3 weeks)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Apr 2026.
- BackgroundAguiar-Santos M, et al. Spatial analysis of the incidence of Chikungunya fever and associated socioeconomic, demographic and vector infestation factors in municipalities of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2015-2021. 2023;26. Badran BW, et al. Neurophysiologic effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) via electrical stimulation of the tragus: a concurrent taVNS/fMRI study and review. Brain Stimul. 2018;11(3):492-500. Botha C, et al. Modulation of parasympathetic nervous system tone influences oesophageal pain hypersensitivity. Gut. 2015;64(4):611-617. Brazil Ministry of Health. Health Surveillance Guide. 5th ed. Brasília (DF): Ministry of Health; 2022. Butt MF, et al. The anatomical basis for transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation. J Anat. 2020;236(4):588-611. Irigoyen MC, et al. Revisiting sympathetic nervous system physiology: what's new? Rev Bras Hipertens. 2014;24(2):9-15. Crossman AR, Neary D. Neuroanatomy: An Illustrated Colour Text. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 1997. Farmer AD, Aziz Q. Vagally mediated analgesia: breath-holding during exhalation as a simple manipulation to reduce pain perception. Pain Med. 2015;16(12):2417-2418. Hamer HM, Bauer S. Lessons learned from transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS). Epilepsy Behav. 2019;83-84. Hartley S, et al. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation: a new therapeutic approach for pharmacoresistant restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2023;26(3):629-637. Lopes N, Nozawa C, Linhares REC. General characteristics and epidemiology of emerging arboviruses in Brazil. Rev Pan-Amaz Saude. 2014;5(3). Martinez JE, Grassi DC, Marques LG. Analysis of the applicability of three pain assessment instruments in different care units: outpatient, ward and emergency. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2011;51(4):299-308. Mesquita R, et al. Brazilian-Portuguese version of the SF-36: a reliable and valid quality of life out
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Transcutaneous vagus nerve electrical stimulation, Transcutaneous eletrical nerve stimuation and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in people with Chronic Pain Management and Chronic Pain and Comorbid Emotional Problems, run by Universidade Federal de Pernambuco at 1 site in Brazil.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Analogue Scale (time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 3-week intervention period). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07523126, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Apr 2026.