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Problem GamblingOTAJNCT07455981

Work Organization and Gambling Addiction

An observational study of Problem Gambling and Addiction Gambling, run by Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes at 1 site in France.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

Problem gambling (PG) is influenced by environmental, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and characteristics such as marital status, age, and educational level. In France, approximately 5% of adults are affected by PG. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Problem Gambling, Addiction Gambling
What is being tested?
Completion of an online survey lasting approximately 25 minutes
How many people
1,600 participants
Where
1 siteFrance
Study dates
1 Jul 2026to 1 Dec 2026
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: The primary analysis population will include all participants who meet the inclusion criteria and who have completed the ICJE (Indice Canadien du jeu excessif= Canadian Excessive Gambling Index) score and the primary variables of interest (working hours and perceived downtime).

Who may be able to join

  • Employed patients
  • Patients who have gambled at least once during the year
  • Patients who are willing to participate in the survey.

Who cannot join

  • Patients who cannot read the French language

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Amandine Luquiens, Professor contact

+334.66.68.69.98

amandine.luquiens@chu-nimes.fr

Anissa MEGZARI contact

0466684236

drc@chu-nimes.fr

France1 site

  • CHU de Nîmes

    Nîmes, Gard, 30029

    Anissa MEGZARI, + 33 4.66.68.30.09, drc@chu-nimes.fr

    Amandine LUQUIENS, PU-PH

Other trials in France

About this study

Official title: Assessment of the Interaction Between Atypical Working Hours and/or Periods of Inactivity on Risky Gambling Practices Among Adults Working Under These Conditions.

Problem gambling (PG) is influenced by environmental, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and characteristics such as marital status, age, and educational level. In France, approximately 5% of adults are affected by PG. Workers with atypical schedules or periods of inactivity at work are at risk of developing problematic gambling behavior. Stress, burnout, and boredom at work can exacerbate these risks. Working atypical hours, such as night shifts, is linked to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, which may increase the risk of PG. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of atypical schedules and periods of inactivity on PG. This research will explore the association between work schedules, periods of inactivity, and PG, particularly among workers who may be influenced by gambling norms and the specific characteristics of their jobs.

Read the detailed description

Problem gambling (PG) can have serious consequences for individuals, their loved ones, and society. It is influenced by environmental, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and characteristics such as marital status, age, and educational level. In France, approximately 5% of adults are affected by PG. Workers, particularly those with atypical schedules or periods of inactivity at work, are at risk of developing problematic gambling behavior. Stress, burnout, and boredom at work can exacerbate these risks. Working atypical hours, such as night shifts, is also linked to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, which could increase vulnerability to PG. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of atypical schedules and periods of inactivity on PG. This research project aims to explore the association between work schedules, periods of inactivity, and PG, particularly among workers who may be influenced by gambling norms and the specific characteristics of their jobs.

Being tested
Completion of an online survey lasting approximately 25 minutes
Keywords
Gambling, Impulsivity, Boredom, Addiction behavior, Shift work schedule
Medical subject headings
Gambling, Impulsive Behavior

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Completion of an online survey lasting approximately 25 minutesOther

    Online survey lasting approximately 25 minutes

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Association between atypical working hours and time spent inactive at work and the ICJE (= Indice Canadien du jeu excessif = Canadian Problem Gambling Index) score

    The Canadian Problem Gambling Index assesses the prevalence of gambling and problem gambling in the general population and has been used in France since the first epidemiological survey on gambling. It contains indicators of social context and degrees of severity and the risk levels of gamblers are estimated based on self-assessed criteria. The index consists of 9 questions covering the last 12 months, answered using a Likert scale (never, sometimes, most of the time, almost always).

    Each player is assigned a score ranging from 0 to 27 points, depending on the severity of their gambling problems, which allows players to be categorized into four distinct groups: "low-risk gambler" (score = 0), "moderate-risk gambler" (score = 1-2), "moderate-risk gambler" (score = 3-7), and "excessive gambler" (score = 8 and above).

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

Secondary outcomes (7)

  1. A. Links between boredom at work, atypical working hours, idle time, and problem gambling

    The DUBS (Dutch Boredom Scale) score will be used to evaluate the link between the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the Canadian Problem Gambling Index score (continuous variable). The DUBS consists of 8 questions to be answered according to frequency in which 0 =Never, 1 = Almost Never, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Very Often, 5= Always. The higher the score, the greater the amount of boredom experienced.

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  2. B. Links between impulsivity, atypical working hours, idle time, and problem gambling.

    The UPPS-P (Urgency-Premeditation-Perseverance-Sensation Seeking-Positive) impulsive behavior scale score will be used to evaluate the link between atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale is a 59-item self report scale to assess impulsive personality. The scale can be used with adults or adolescents (ages 13+) to identify the separate personality facets that have been previously lumped together under the term "impulsivity".

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  3. C. Links between emotional dysregulation, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling.

    Interaction between the score on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) scale, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable).

    The DERS is a 36-item a measure designed to assess clinically relevant difficulties in emotion regulation and provides valuable insights into an individual's ability to understand, accept, and manage emotions effectively. The 36 questions can be answered by Almost Never, Sometimes, About half the time, Most of the time or Almost always with scores ranging from 1 - 5 for each answer.

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  4. D. Links between anxiety, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling.

    Interaction between the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The GAD 7 is an easy-to-perform initial screening tool for generalized anxiety disorder. Comprising seven items, the GAD-7 measures the frequency of anxiety symptoms over the past two weeks, with respondents rating each item on a scale from "not at all" to "nearly every day."

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  5. E. Links between depression, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling.

    Interaction between the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9 score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable)

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  6. F. Links between quality of life, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling.

    Interaction between the Gambling Quality of Life Scale -brief (GQoLS-Brief) brief scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The GQoLS -brief assesses the impact of gambling disorder (GD) on quality of life (QoL) and contains questions scored on a 4-point Likert scale.

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

  7. G. Links between perceived prescriptive gaming norms at work, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling.

    1. Interaction between the Gambling Attitudes and Injunctive Norms Scale scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable).The Gambling Attitudes and Injunctive Norms Scale (GAINS; Neighbors et al., 2007) was developed to examine relationships among injunctive norms and college student gambling. The 32-item scale consists of sixteen attitudinal items, asking participants about their approval or disapproval of students engaging in different gambling behaviors. Mean score for the sample on these items serves as the actual injunctive norms comparison. The remaining 16 perceived injunctive norms items ask "How do you think most college students feel about other students' gambling behavior?" The items consist of a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "Strongly Disapprove" to "Strongly Approve."

    Measured: Over a period of 2 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted6 Mar 2026
  2. Study start1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrolment
1,600 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07455981
Sponsor's protocol ID
IRESP/OTAJ/2025/AL-01
Acronym
OTAJ
Status last verified
Jun 2026
First submitted
3 Mar 2026
Last updated
18 Jun 2026
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Billieux J, Rochat L, Ceschi G, Carre A, Offerlin-Meyer I, Defeldre AC, Khazaal Y, Besche-Richard C, Van der Linden M. Validation of a short French version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Compr Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;53(5):609-15. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.09.001. Epub 2011 Oct 27.

    PubMed 22036009

  • Binde P, Romild U. Risk of problem gambling among occupational groups: A population and registry study. Nordisk Alkohol Nark. 2020 Jun;37(3):262-278. doi: 10.1177/1455072519899779. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

    PubMed 35308321

  • Brodsky A, Amabile TM. The downside of downtime: The prevalence and work pacing consequences of idle time at work. J Appl Psychol. 2018 May;103(5):496-512. doi: 10.1037/apl0000294. Epub 2018 Jan 22.

    PubMed 29355339

  • Carballeira Y, Dumont P, Borgacci S, Rentsch D, de Tonnac N, Archinard M, Andreoli A. Criterion validity of the French version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in a hospital department of internal medicine. Psychol Psychother. 2007 Mar;80(Pt 1):69-77. doi: 10.1348/147608306X103641.

    PubMed 17346381

  • Dixon MR, Marley J, Jacobs EA. Delay discounting by pathological gamblers. J Appl Behav Anal. 2003 Winter;36(4):449-58. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2003.36-449.

    PubMed 14768665

  • Fluharty M, Paul E, Fancourt D. Predictors and patterns of gambling behaviour across the COVID-19 lockdown: Findings from a UK cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2022 Feb 1;298(Pt A):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.117. Epub 2021 Oct 29.

    PubMed 34744027

  • Ioannidis K, Hook R, Wickham K, Grant JE, Chamberlain SR. Impulsivity in Gambling Disorder and problem gambling: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019 Jul;44(8):1354-1361. doi: 10.1038/s41386-019-0393-9. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

    PubMed 30986818

  • Kasemi A, Grosemans E, Amanda R, Zaman B, De Cock R. Playing Sports, Placing Sports Bets? Sports Club Membership, Gambling Norms and Sports Gambling Behavior among Flemish Youth. J Gambl Stud. 2026 Mar;42(1):265-278. doi: 10.1007/s10899-025-10428-5. Epub 2025 Sep 29.

    PubMed 41021183

  • Knutsson A. Methodological aspects of shift-work research. Chronobiol Int. 2004;21(6):1037-47. doi: 10.1081/cbi-200038525.

    PubMed 15646248

  • Lee Y, Park H. Working Hours and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms According to Shift Work and Gender. J Occup Environ Med. 2022 May 1;64(5):e316-e321. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002515. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

    PubMed 35166259

  • Leso V, Fontana L, Caturano A, Vetrani I, Fedele M, Iavicoli I. Impact of Shift Work and Long Working Hours on Worker Cognitive Functions: Current Evidence and Future Research Needs. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 17;18(12):6540. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126540.

    PubMed 34204504

  • Limmer A, Schutz A. Interactive effects of personal resources and job characteristics on mental health: a population-based panel study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Jan;94(1):43-53. doi: 10.1007/s00420-020-01555-0. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

    PubMed 32506287

  • Luquiens A, Panjo H, Bonnaire C, Pelletier-Fleury N. Developing a utility value set for the Gambling Quality of Life Scale-Brief (GQoLS-Brief) using a discrete choice experiment. Qual Life Res. 2025 Feb;34(2):457-469. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03835-5. Epub 2024 Nov 26.

    PubMed 39592497

  • Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Lagarde S, Barkate G, Dufournet B, Besancon C, Trebuchon-Da Fonseca A, Gavaret M, Bartolomei F, Bonini F, McGonigal A. Rapid detection of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in epilepsy: Validation of the GAD-7 as a complementary tool to the NDDI-E in a French sample. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Apr;57(Pt A):211-216. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.02.015. Epub 2016 Mar 16.

    PubMed 26994447

  • Moreira D, Azeredo A, Dias P. Risk Factors for Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review. J Gambl Stud. 2023 Jun;39(2):483-511. doi: 10.1007/s10899-023-10195-1. Epub 2023 Mar 8.

    PubMed 36884150

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Problem Gambling and Addiction Gambling, run by Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes at 1 site in France.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Amandine Luquiens, Professor (+334.66.68.69.98, amandine.luquiens@chu-nimes.fr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Association between atypical working hours and time spent inactive at work and the ICJE (= Indice Canadien du jeu excessif = Canadian Problem Gambling Index) score (time frame: Over a period of 2 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07455981, which also lists 23 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jun 2026.

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