Sports Physical TherapyNCT07440745
Medicine Ball Throw and Resistance Band Training Among Bowlers
A study testing Medicine ball throw training and Resistance band training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study will be Randomized clinical trial and will recruit male/female cricket bowlers aged 18-30yrs. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups and will perform training sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- Medicine ball throw training and Resistance band training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 56 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 18 Mar 2025to 7 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male/female cricket players aged 18 to 30 years
- Actively participating in regular cricket training
- Minimum of two years of playing experience
- Free from upper limb injury at the time of recruitment
- Willingness to participate and provide informed consent -
Who cannot join
- History of upper limb, shoulder, elbow, or wrist injury in the past six months
- Any current musculoskeletal injury affecting performance
- History of surgery involving the upper extremity
- Presence of any neurological, cardiovascular, or systemic condition that may affect performance
- Participation in any other structured strength training program during the study period
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Saeed Ajmal International Cricket Academy, Faisalabad
Faisalābad, Punjab Province, 38000
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of Medicine Ball Throw and Resistance Band Training on the Dynamic Strength and Bowling Accuracy Among Bowlers
This study will be Randomized clinical trial and will recruit male/female cricket bowlers aged 18-30yrs. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups and will perform training sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Group A will engage in medicine ball throw training while Group B will participate in resistance band training. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of these two training programs on dynamic strength and bowling accuracy among cricket bowlers.
Read the detailed description
Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial Sample size: 56 participants ( 28 in each group) Sampling Technique: Non- Probability convenience sampling technique Study Setting: Pakistan Sports Board, Lahore And Saeed Ajmal International Cricket Academy, Faisalabad \& County Star Cricket Club, Faisalabad
Inclusion Criteria:
- Cricket bowlers actively participating in competitive cricket
- Age 18 to 30 years
- Both male and female players
- Minimum two years of cricket training experience
- Athletes with BMI between 18.6 kg/m² to 24.9 kg/m²
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of musculoskeletal injuries involving shoulder, elbow, neck, or spine
- History of fracture within the last six months
- Any previous surgery of the back or hip joint
- Athletes with neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, or psychiatric disorders
- Athletes consuming illegal performance-enhancing drugs
Intervention:
Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group A will receive Medicine Ball Throw training focusing on chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises to improve dynamic strength and explosive power. Group B will receive Resistance Band training including resistance band push-ups, rowing exercises, and rotational press exercises to enhance neuromuscular control and strength. Both groups will perform supervised training sessions three times per week, with each session lasting approximately 45-50 minutes for a total duration of eight weeks. Bowling accuracy drills will be included for both groups during training sessions.
Tools:
- Medicine Ball Chest Pass / Overhead Throw Test to assess dynamic upper-body strength
- Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) to assess upper-extremity stability and endurance
- Bowling speed measurement using a speed measuring device
- Bowling accuracy assessed using a standardized stump accuracy test
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- Medicine ball throw training, Resistance band training
- Keywords
- Dynamic Strength, Bowling Accuracy, Medicine Ball training, Resistance band training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Medicine ball throw trainingOther
Participants will perform Medicine Ball Throw training focusing on chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises to enhance dynamic strength and power in bowlers. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision, with progressive loading applied according to participant tolerance.
Resistance band trainingOther
Participants will perform Resistance Band training consisting of upper extremity and trunk strengthening exercises using elastic resistance bands in cricket bowlers. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision, with progressive resistance applied throughout the intervention period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine ball throw training group ( Group A) | Experimental | Participants in this group will receive Medicine Ball Throw training including chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision. Receives: Other: Medicine ball throw training |
| Resistance band training group ( Group B) | Experimental | Participants in this group will receive Resistance Band training including upper extremity and trunk strengthening exercises using elastic resistance bands. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision. Receives: Other: Resistance band training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Dynamic Strength
Dynamic strength will be assessed using the medicine ball chest pass and overhead throw test and the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST). The medicine ball throw test will measure explosive upper-body strength by recording the maximum throw distance. The CKCUEST will assess upper extremity strength, endurance, and dynamic stability by counting the number of alternating hand touches performed within a fixed time.
Measured: 8 weeks
Bowling Accuracy
Bowling accuracy will be evaluated using a standardized stump-target accuracy test. Participants will be instructed to bowl toward a defined target area, and the number of successful hits within the target zone will be recorded to quantify accuracy and control during bowling performance.
Measured: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Upper Extremity Stability
Upper extremity stability will be assessed using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST). The test will quantify upper limb strength, endurance, and dynamic stability by recording the number of alternating hand touches completed within a fixed time period.
Measured: 8 weeks
Explosive Upper Limb performance
Explosive upper limb performance will be evaluated using medicine ball throw tests including chest pass and overhead throw. The maximum distance achieved during each throw will be recorded to assess explosive power of the upper extremities.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2026
- Study start18 Mar 2025
- Primary completion15 Oct 2025
- Study completion7 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Sports Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Muhammad Hashim Hashim, pp-dpt, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07440745
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/24/0497
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Sayers MG, Lorenzetti S. Influence of technique on upper body force and power production during medicine ball throws. J Sports Sci. 2020 Feb;38(4):470-475. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1706871. Epub 2019 Dec 19.
PubMed 31856662Rizvi MS. Speed-performance tradeoff and its effect in the game of cricket: Predictive modeling from a statistical mechanics perspective. Phys Rev E. 2025 Dec;112(6-1):064121. doi: 10.1103/kglf-lj6k.
PubMed 41560124Bauer J, Schwiertz G, Muehlbauer T. Effects of an Elastic Resistance Band Intervention in Adolescent Handball Players. Sports Med Int Open. 2021 Aug 25;5(2):E65-E72. doi: 10.1055/a-1541-2916. eCollection 2021 Aug.
PubMed 34458564Fleming J, Perrett C, Melchi O, McClelland J, Middleton K. Quantification of Ground Reaction Forces During the Follow Through in Trained Male Cricket Fast Bowlers: A Laboratory-Based Study. Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;12(12):316. doi: 10.3390/sports12120316.
PubMed 39728856McGrath JW, Neville J, Stewart T, Clinning H, Thomas B, Cronin J. Quantifying cricket fast bowling volume, speed and perceived intensity zone using an Apple Watch and machine learning. J Sports Sci. 2022 Feb;40(3):323-330. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1993640. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
PubMed 34758701Zhang H, Jiang Q, Li A. The impact of resistance-based training programs on throwing performance and throwing-related injuries in baseball players: A systematic review. Heliyon. 2023 Nov 29;9(12):e22797. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22797. eCollection 2023 Dec.
PubMed 38125451
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of Medicine Ball Throw and Resistance Band Training on the Dynamic Strength and Bowling Accuracy Among Bowlers
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07440745
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/24/0497
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- Dynamic Strength, Bowling Accuracy, Medicine Ball training, Resistance band training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 18 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 7 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will be Randomized clinical trial and will recruit male/female cricket bowlers aged 18-30yrs. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups and will perform training sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Group A will engage in medicine ball throw training while Group B will participate in resistance band training. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of these two training programs on dynamic strength and bowling accuracy among cricket bowlers.
Detailed description
Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial Sample size: 56 participants ( 28 in each group) Sampling Technique: Non- Probability convenience sampling technique Study Setting: Pakistan Sports Board, Lahore And Saeed Ajmal International Cricket Academy, Faisalabad \& County Star Cricket Club, Faisalabad
Inclusion Criteria:
- Cricket bowlers actively participating in competitive cricket
- Age 18 to 30 years
- Both male and female players
- Minimum two years of cricket training experience
- Athletes with BMI between 18.6 kg/m² to 24.9 kg/m²
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of musculoskeletal injuries involving shoulder, elbow, neck, or spine
- History of fracture within the last six months
- Any previous surgery of the back or hip joint
- Athletes with neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, or psychiatric disorders
- Athletes consuming illegal performance-enhancing drugs
Intervention:
Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group A will receive Medicine Ball Throw training focusing on chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises to improve dynamic strength and explosive power. Group B will receive Resistance Band training including resistance band push-ups, rowing exercises, and rotational press exercises to enhance neuromuscular control and strength. Both groups will perform supervised training sessions three times per week, with each session lasting approximately 45-50 minutes for a total duration of eight weeks. Bowling accuracy drills will be included for both groups during training sessions.
Tools:
- Medicine Ball Chest Pass / Overhead Throw Test to assess dynamic upper-body strength
- Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) to assess upper-extremity stability and endurance
- Bowling speed measurement using a speed measuring device
- Bowling accuracy assessed using a standardized stump accuracy test
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine ball throw training group ( Group A) | Experimental | Other: Medicine ball throw trainingParticipants in this group will receive Medicine Ball Throw training including chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision. |
| Resistance band training group ( Group B) | Experimental | Other: Resistance band trainingParticipants in this group will receive Resistance Band training including upper extremity and trunk strengthening exercises using elastic resistance bands. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Male/female cricket players aged 18 to 30 years
- Actively participating in regular cricket training
- Minimum of two years of playing experience
- Free from upper limb injury at the time of recruitment
- Willingness to participate and provide informed consent -
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- History of upper limb, shoulder, elbow, or wrist injury in the past six months
- Any current musculoskeletal injury affecting performance
- History of surgery involving the upper extremity
- Presence of any neurological, cardiovascular, or systemic condition that may affect performance
- Participation in any other structured strength training program during the study period
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine ball throw trainingParticipants will perform Medicine Ball Throw training focusing on chest pass, overhead throw, and rotational throw exercises to enhance dynamic strength and power in bowlers. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision, with progressive loading applied according to participant tolerance. | Other | Medicine ball throw training group ( Group A) |
| Resistance band trainingParticipants will perform Resistance Band training consisting of upper extremity and trunk strengthening exercises using elastic resistance bands in cricket bowlers. The training program will be conducted three times per week for eight weeks under supervision, with progressive resistance applied throughout the intervention period. | Other | Resistance band training group ( Group B) |
Primary outcome
Dynamic Strength
Time frame: 8 weeks
Dynamic strength will be assessed using the medicine ball chest pass and overhead throw test and the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST). The medicine ball throw test will measure explosive upper-body strength by recording the maximum throw distance. The CKCUEST will assess upper extremity strength, endurance, and dynamic stability by counting the number of alternating hand touches performed within a fixed time.
Bowling Accuracy
Time frame: 8 weeks
Bowling accuracy will be evaluated using a standardized stump-target accuracy test. Participants will be instructed to bowl toward a defined target area, and the number of successful hits within the target zone will be recorded to quantify accuracy and control during bowling performance.
2 secondary outcomes
Upper Extremity Stability
Time frame: 8 weeks
Explosive Upper Limb performance
Time frame: 8 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 31856662Sayers MG, Lorenzetti S. Influence of technique on upper body force and power production during medicine ball throws. J Sports Sci. 2020 Feb;38(4):470-475. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1706871. Epub 2019 Dec 19.
- Background: PubMed 41560124Rizvi MS. Speed-performance tradeoff and its effect in the game of cricket: Predictive modeling from a statistical mechanics perspective. Phys Rev E. 2025 Dec;112(6-1):064121. doi: 10.1103/kglf-lj6k.
- Background: PubMed 34458564Bauer J, Schwiertz G, Muehlbauer T. Effects of an Elastic Resistance Band Intervention in Adolescent Handball Players. Sports Med Int Open. 2021 Aug 25;5(2):E65-E72. doi: 10.1055/a-1541-2916. eCollection 2021 Aug.
- Background: PubMed 39728856Fleming J, Perrett C, Melchi O, McClelland J, Middleton K. Quantification of Ground Reaction Forces During the Follow Through in Trained Male Cricket Fast Bowlers: A Laboratory-Based Study. Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;12(12):316. doi: 10.3390/sports12120316.
- Background: PubMed 34758701McGrath JW, Neville J, Stewart T, Clinning H, Thomas B, Cronin J. Quantifying cricket fast bowling volume, speed and perceived intensity zone using an Apple Watch and machine learning. J Sports Sci. 2022 Feb;40(3):323-330. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1993640. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
- Background: PubMed 38125451Zhang H, Jiang Q, Li A. The impact of resistance-based training programs on throwing performance and throwing-related injuries in baseball players: A systematic review. Heliyon. 2023 Nov 29;9(12):e22797. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22797. eCollection 2023 Dec.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Muhammad Hashim Hashim, pp-dpt principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Medicine ball throw training and Resistance band training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Dynamic Strength (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07440745, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.