Down SyndromeNCT07428863
Effects of Jump Rope on Navicular Drop in Down Syndrome
A study testing jumping rope and play activities and play activities in people with Down Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
foot posture in children with Down syndrome. The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 15 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Down Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- jumping rope and play activities and play activities
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 28 Oct 2025to 23 Feb 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 15 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- age of 4 to 15 years
- navicular drop
- prone foot
- Acute musculoskeletal injuries
- Normal: 5-10 mm
- Excessive Drop: >10 mm (indicating possible flatfoot)
- Minimal Drop: <5 mm (indicating a higher arch)
Who cannot join
- visual or auditory impairment
- lower limb trauma
- recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb
- Non- compliance and behavioral issue
- Inability to participate
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Model Town Football Club [Recruiting]
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Muhammad Asif javed, MS-PT, 923224209422, a.javed@riphah.edu.pk
About this study
Official title: Effects of Jupming Rope on Navicular Drop and Foot Posture in Children With Down Syndrome
foot posture in children with Down syndrome. The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index .Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 23.00.
Read the detailed description
Navicular drop is a condition where the navicular bone descends, often leading to flatfoot and poor foot posture. This is particularly significant in children with Down syndrome, who are prone to foot structure abnormalities that can affect their mobility and overall physical activity. Children with Down syndrome frequently experience altered foot mechanics, which can contribute to navicular drop and associated complications. These biomechanical changes is crucial for developing targeted interventions that can enhance foot health and improve quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of jumping rope and play activities on reducing navicular drop and improving foot posture in children with Down syndrome.
The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index .Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 23.00.
- Conditions
- Down Syndrome
- Being tested
- jumping rope and play activities, play activities
- Keywords
- Down Syndrome, foot muscle deformities, navicular drop, play activities, jumping rope, foot posture
- Medical subject headings
- Down Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
jumping rope and play activitiesOther
jumping rope will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game,walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk,pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities.
play activitiesOther
Group B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A: | Active comparator | Group A will perform jumping rope combined with play activities. The program will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. The program will include jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game, walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk, pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities. Duration period to perform the activities is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks. Receives: Other: jumping rope and play activities |
| group B | Active comparator | Group B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post). Receives: Other: play activities |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
foot posture index-6
The patient should be instructed to stand still, with their arms by the side and looking straight ahead.
Measured: 30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.
navicular drop test
Navicular Drop Test (NDT) using a ruler or digital caliper.Measures the difference in navicular height between sitting (non-weight-bearing) and standing (weight-bearing) positions.
Measured: 30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Feb 2026
- Study start28 Oct 2025
- Primary completion20 Feb 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion23 Feb 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Down SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Adil Munir, MS-PT, Principal investigator, Study Principal Investigator Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07428863
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/MEHAKTAHREEM
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Shultz SJ, Carcia CR, Gansneder BM, Perrin DH. The independent and interactive effects of navicular drop and quadriceps angle on neuromuscular responses to a weight-bearing perturbation. J Athl Train. 2006 Jul-Sep;41(3):251-9.
PubMed 17043692
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Jupming Rope on Navicular Drop and Foot Posture in Children With Down Syndrome
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07428863
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/MEHAKTAHREEM
- Conditions
- Down Syndrome
- Keywords
- Down Syndrome, foot muscle deformities, navicular drop, play activities, jumping rope, foot posture
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Feb 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 23 Feb 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
foot posture in children with Down syndrome. The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index .Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 23.00.
Detailed description
Navicular drop is a condition where the navicular bone descends, often leading to flatfoot and poor foot posture. This is particularly significant in children with Down syndrome, who are prone to foot structure abnormalities that can affect their mobility and overall physical activity. Children with Down syndrome frequently experience altered foot mechanics, which can contribute to navicular drop and associated complications. These biomechanical changes is crucial for developing targeted interventions that can enhance foot health and improve quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of jumping rope and play activities on reducing navicular drop and improving foot posture in children with Down syndrome.
The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index .Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 23.00.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A: | Active comparator | Other: jumping rope and play activitiesGroup A will perform jumping rope combined with play activities. The program will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. The program will include jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game, walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk, pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities. Duration period to perform the activities is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks. |
| group B | Active comparator | Other: play activitiesGroup B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 15 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- age of 4 to 15 years
- navicular drop
- prone foot
- Acute musculoskeletal injuries
- Normal: 5-10 mm
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- visual or auditory impairment
- lower limb trauma
- recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb
- Non- compliance and behavioral issue
- Inability to participate
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| jumping rope and play activitiesjumping rope will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game,walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk,pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities. | Other | Group A: |
| play activitiesGroup B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post). | Other | group B |
Primary outcome
foot posture index-6
Time frame: 30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.
The patient should be instructed to stand still, with their arms by the side and looking straight ahead.
navicular drop test
Time frame: 30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.
Navicular Drop Test (NDT) using a ruler or digital caliper.Measures the difference in navicular height between sitting (non-weight-bearing) and standing (weight-bearing) positions.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 17043692Shultz SJ, Carcia CR, Gansneder BM, Perrin DH. The independent and interactive effects of navicular drop and quadriceps angle on neuromuscular responses to a weight-bearing perturbation. J Athl Train. 2006 Jul-Sep;41(3):251-9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Adil Munir, MS-PT principal investigator
Study Principal Investigator Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing jumping rope and play activities and play activities in people with Down Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact IMRAN AMJAD, Ph.D (9233224390125, imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
foot posture index-6 (time frame: 30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07428863, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2026.