Spiral ArteriesPlaCEUSNCT07422181
PlaCEUS: Feasibility Study of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound to Visualize Maternal Uterine Spiral Arteries Postpartum.
A study testing SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) in people with Spiral Arteries and Uterine Artery Hemodynamics, run by Maxima Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
Trial summary
During pregnancy, unique blood vessels form within the uterine wall, known as spiral arteries. These vessels originate from the uterine artery, which is the main artery supplying blood to the uterus. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Spiral Arteries, Uterine Artery Hemodynamics, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound
- What is being tested?
- SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles)
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 5 participants
- Where
- 1 siteNetherlands
- Study dates
- 17 Dec 2025to 1 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Pregnant patient at a minimum age of 18 years
- Singleton pregnancy at term (≥37 weeks gestation)
- Planning to deliver at the Máxima Medical Centre
- Able to provide informed consent
- Intravenous access present at the time of delivery
Who cannot join
- Multiple gestation pregnancy
- Contra-indications to CEUS, e.g. known allergy for constituents of SonoVue™
- Planning on breastfeeding
- Medical emergency during or after delivery, which makes CEUS impossible or undesirable
- No intravenous access present at the time of delivery
- Body Mass Index >40 kg/m2.
- Pre-eclampsia requiring medication
- Foetal growth restriction < p3
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Loes Monen, Dr. contact
Netherlands1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Máxima Medical center
Veldhoven, 5504DB
About this study
During pregnancy, unique blood vessels form within the uterine wall, known as spiral arteries. These vessels originate from the uterine artery, which is the main artery supplying blood to the uterus. Throughout pregnancy, spiral arteries undergo significant changes to increase blood and oxygen flow to the placenta, ensuring the developing baby receives adequate nutrients. When these arteries fail to remodel properly, complications such as pre-eclampsia or fetal growth restriction can occur.
Until now, direct observation and evaluation of spiral arteries during pregnancy has not been feasible. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may provide a breakthrough in this area. In this study, the investigators aim to use this imaging technique to visualize spiral arteries after the placenta has been delivered. If successful, this could allow to assess their structural quality. Additionally, the investigators will employ ultrasound to monitor physiological changes in the uterine artery during late pregnancy (after 37 weeks), during labour, and postpartum.
By conducting these measurements, the investigators hope to develop methods for detecting spiral artery abnormalities earlier in pregnancy. Early identification could enable timely interventions and help prevent severe complications.
Read the detailed description
Adequate blood flow to the placenta is critical for normal fetal development and positive pregnancy outcomes. A key component of this process is the maternal uterine spiral arteries, which undergo significant physiological remodeling during pregnancy to meet the growing demands of the fetus. When this remodeling is impaired, it has been linked to complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and placental abruption.
Despite its importance, directly and non-invasively assessing the maternal uterine microvasculature-particularly spiral arteries-remains difficult. Conventional Doppler ultrasound only provides indirect insights by estimating vascular resistance at a macroscopic level and cannot visualize spiral arteries or directly evaluate placental perfusion. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a promising alternative, as it improves visualization of small vessels through the use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). Since UCAs are currently not approved for use during pregnancy, this study focuses on assessing the feasibility of CEUS for visualizing persistent spiral arteries in the immediate postpartum period, as an initial step toward investigating the maternal side of the placenta. In addition, Doppler waveform analysis of the uterine arteries will be performed at three time points: before delivery, during labor, and after birth. Combining CEUS with Doppler imaging may provide a more comprehensive understanding of dynamic uteroplacental vascular changes around delivery.
The primary objectives are to determine whether maternal uterine spiral arteries remain present after delivery and to evaluate the feasibility of CEUS with UCAs in visualizing and characterizing these arteries within four hours postpartum.
Secondary objectives include assessing uterine artery Doppler parameters before, during, and after delivery to describe peripartum hemodynamic changes, and correlating CEUS findings at four hours postpartum with Doppler measurements.
- Conditions
- Spiral Arteries, Uterine Artery Hemodynamics, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Doppler Parameters, Resistance Index, Pulsatility Index
- Being tested
- SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles)
- Keywords
- Spiral arteries, Uterine artery hemodynamics, contrast enchanced ultrasound
- Medical subject headings
- Systolic Murmurs
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles)Diagnostic test
SonoVue will be used in this study as ultrasound contrast agents for contrast enhanced ultrasound to assess the feasibility in visualizing and charactering the persistence of maternal uterine spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| CEUS | Experimental | All participants included in the study will receive contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging postpartum. During pregnancy, during labour and postpartum Doppler parameters of the uterine arterie will be performed. Receives: Diagnostic Test: SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of participants with persisting spiral arteries detected by contrast enhanced ultrasound within 4 hours postpartum.
Presence of persisting spiral arteries will be assessed using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonovue within 4 hours postpartum. The transition of spiral arteries into the intervillous space will be identified at the interface between the decidua and the basal plate of the placenta. Depending on placental location, a sagittal or coronal plane will be selected for optimal visualization. The probe will be positioned perpendicular (90°) to the uteroplacental interface, and color Doppler will be activated to confirm unidirectional flow at the spiral artery opening.
Persistence of spiral arteries will be determined as a dichotomous outcome. Visbile or not visible. The number of patients will be calculated in whom the result was: visible.
Measured: Within 4 hours postpartum
Feasibility of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonovue for visualizing spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum. Dichotomous outcome; visible or invisible spiral arteries.
Feasibility will be assessed by determining whether CEUS with Sonovue successfully visualizes and characterizes maternal uterine spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum. A scan will be considered feasible if the transition of spiral arteries into the intervillous space can be identified at the uteroplacental interface using the predefined imaging protocol (correct probe orientation, sagittal/coronal plane selection, and confirmation of unidirectional flow with color Doppler). The outcome is dichotomous. The spiral arteries are visible or not visible.
Measured: Within 4 hours postpartum
Secondary outcomes (4)
Change in uterine artery Resistance Index (RI) across peripartum period
Uterine artery resistance index (RI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound before delivery (after 37 weeks) Uterine artery resistance index (RI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound during delivery (active labor or same day prior to cesarean) Uterine artery resistance index (RI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound within 4 hours postpartum.
Measured: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Change in uterine artery Pulsatility Index (PI) across peripartum period
Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound before delivery (after 37 weeks),
Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound during delivery (active labor or same day prior to cesarean) Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) will be measured using Doppler ultrasound within 4 hours postpartum.
The change in PI will be assesed as delta PI, both absolute as in percentage change of PI.
Measured: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Change in uterine artery Systolic/Diastolic Ratio across peripartum period
Uterine artery systolic/diastolic ratio will be measured using Doppler ultrasound at three time points: before delivery (after 37 weeks), during delivery (active labor or same day prior to cesarean), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Measured: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Correlating CEUS findings with uterine artery Doppler parameters within 4 hours postpartum
Correlation will be assessed between CEUS findings (presence of persisting spiral arteries detected using contrast enhanced ultrasound with Sonovue) and uterine artery Doppler parameters (Resistance Index [RI], Pulsatility Index [PI], and Systolic/Diastolic ratio). CEUS will follow the standardized imaging protocol for spiral artery visualization, and Doppler measurements will be obtained using standard obstetric ultrasound techniques.
Measured: Within 4 hours postpartum
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Feb 2026
- Study start17 Dec 2025
- Primary completion1 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Spiral ArteriesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 5 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Maxima Medical Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Loes Monen, Maxima Medical Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07422181
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NL010727
- Acronym
- PlaCEUS
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 19 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: All participant will sign informed consent stating that all data will be used anonymously.
Publications
Collins SL, Birks JS, Stevenson GN, Papageorghiou AT, Noble JA, Impey L. Measurement of spiral artery jets: general principles and differences observed in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Aug;40(2):171-8. doi: 10.1002/uog.10149.
PubMed 22102536Roberts VHJ, Morgan TK, Bednarek P, Morita M, Burton GJ, Lo JO, Frias AE. Early first trimester uteroplacental flow and the progressive disintegration of spiral artery plugs: new insights from contrast-enhanced ultrasound and tissue histopathology. Hum Reprod. 2017 Dec 1;32(12):2382-2393. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dex301.
PubMed 29136193Li Q, Yang K, Ji Y, Liu H, Fei X, Zhang Y, Li J, Luo Y. Safety Analysis of Adverse Events of Ultrasound Contrast Agent Lumason/SonoVue in 49,100 Patients. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2023 Feb;49(2):454-459. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.09.014. Epub 2022 Nov 7.
PubMed 36357252Claudon M, Cosgrove D, Albrecht T, Bolondi L, Bosio M, Calliada F, Correas JM, Darge K, Dietrich C, D'Onofrio M, Evans DH, Filice C, Greiner L, Jager K, Jong Nd, Leen E, Lencioni R, Lindsell D, Martegani A, Meairs S, Nolsoe C, Piscaglia F, Ricci P, Seidel G, Skjoldbye B, Solbiati L, Thorelius L, Tranquart F, Weskott HP, Whittingham T. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) - update 2008. Ultraschall Med. 2008 Feb;29(1):28-44. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-963785. No abstract available.
PubMed 18270887Dassen S, Monen L, Oei G, Mischi M, van Laar J. Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles in human pregnancy: A scoping review. Ultraschall Med. 2025 Jun;46(3):259-269. doi: 10.1055/a-2351-0747. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
PubMed 38914129European Medicines Agency (EMA). SonoVue, INN-sulphur hexafluoride: EPAR - Product Information. EMA. Last updated: 05 June 2023. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/sonovue-epar-product-information_en.pdf
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- PlaCEUS: Feasibility Study of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound to Visualize Maternal Uterine Spiral Arteries Postpartum.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07422181
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PlaCEUS / NL010727
- Conditions
- Spiral Arteries, Uterine Artery Hemodynamics, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Doppler Parameters, Resistance Index, Pulsatility Index
- Keywords
- Spiral arteries, Uterine artery hemodynamics, contrast enchanced ultrasound
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 5 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Maxima Medical CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 17 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 19 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
During pregnancy, unique blood vessels form within the uterine wall, known as spiral arteries. These vessels originate from the uterine artery, which is the main artery supplying blood to the uterus. Throughout pregnancy, spiral arteries undergo significant changes to increase blood and oxygen flow to the placenta, ensuring the developing baby receives adequate nutrients. When these arteries fail to remodel properly, complications such as pre-eclampsia or fetal growth restriction can occur.
Until now, direct observation and evaluation of spiral arteries during pregnancy has not been feasible. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may provide a breakthrough in this area. In this study, the investigators aim to use this imaging technique to visualize spiral arteries after the placenta has been delivered. If successful, this could allow to assess their structural quality. Additionally, the investigators will employ ultrasound to monitor physiological changes in the uterine artery during late pregnancy (after 37 weeks), during labour, and postpartum.
By conducting these measurements, the investigators hope to develop methods for detecting spiral artery abnormalities earlier in pregnancy. Early identification could enable timely interventions and help prevent severe complications.
Detailed description
Adequate blood flow to the placenta is critical for normal fetal development and positive pregnancy outcomes. A key component of this process is the maternal uterine spiral arteries, which undergo significant physiological remodeling during pregnancy to meet the growing demands of the fetus. When this remodeling is impaired, it has been linked to complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and placental abruption.
Despite its importance, directly and non-invasively assessing the maternal uterine microvasculature-particularly spiral arteries-remains difficult. Conventional Doppler ultrasound only provides indirect insights by estimating vascular resistance at a macroscopic level and cannot visualize spiral arteries or directly evaluate placental perfusion. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a promising alternative, as it improves visualization of small vessels through the use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). Since UCAs are currently not approved for use during pregnancy, this study focuses on assessing the feasibility of CEUS for visualizing persistent spiral arteries in the immediate postpartum period, as an initial step toward investigating the maternal side of the placenta. In addition, Doppler waveform analysis of the uterine arteries will be performed at three time points: before delivery, during labor, and after birth. Combining CEUS with Doppler imaging may provide a more comprehensive understanding of dynamic uteroplacental vascular changes around delivery.
The primary objectives are to determine whether maternal uterine spiral arteries remain present after delivery and to evaluate the feasibility of CEUS with UCAs in visualizing and characterizing these arteries within four hours postpartum.
Secondary objectives include assessing uterine artery Doppler parameters before, during, and after delivery to describe peripartum hemodynamic changes, and correlating CEUS findings at four hours postpartum with Doppler measurements.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| CEUS | Experimental | Diagnostic Test: SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles)All participants included in the study will receive contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging postpartum. During pregnancy, during labour and postpartum Doppler parameters of the uterine arterie will be performed. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Pregnant patient at a minimum age of 18 years
- Singleton pregnancy at term (≥37 weeks gestation)
- Planning to deliver at the Máxima Medical Centre
- Able to provide informed consent
- Intravenous access present at the time of delivery
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Multiple gestation pregnancy
- Contra-indications to CEUS, e.g. known allergy for constituents of SonoVue™
- Planning on breastfeeding
- Medical emergency during or after delivery, which makes CEUS impossible or undesirable
- No intravenous access present at the time of delivery
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles)SonoVue will be used in this study as ultrasound contrast agents for contrast enhanced ultrasound to assess the feasibility in visualizing and charactering the persistence of maternal uterine spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum. | Diagnostic test | CEUS |
Primary outcome
Number of participants with persisting spiral arteries detected by contrast enhanced ultrasound within 4 hours postpartum.
Time frame: Within 4 hours postpartum
Presence of persisting spiral arteries will be assessed using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonovue within 4 hours postpartum. The transition of spiral arteries into the intervillous space will be identified at the interface between the decidua and the basal plate of the placenta. Depending on placental location, a sagittal or coronal plane will be selected for optimal visualization. The probe will be positioned perpendicular (90°) to the uteroplacental interface, and color Doppler will be activated to confirm unidirectional flow at the spiral artery opening. Persistence of spiral arteries will be determined as a dichotomous outcome. Visbile or not visible. The number of patients will be calculated in whom the result was: visible.
Feasibility of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonovue for visualizing spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum. Dichotomous outcome; visible or invisible spiral arteries.
Time frame: Within 4 hours postpartum
Feasibility will be assessed by determining whether CEUS with Sonovue successfully visualizes and characterizes maternal uterine spiral arteries within 4 hours postpartum. A scan will be considered feasible if the transition of spiral arteries into the intervillous space can be identified at the uteroplacental interface using the predefined imaging protocol (correct probe orientation, sagittal/coronal plane selection, and confirmation of unidirectional flow with color Doppler). The outcome is dichotomous. The spiral arteries are visible or not visible.
4 secondary outcomes
Change in uterine artery Resistance Index (RI) across peripartum period
Time frame: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Change in uterine artery Pulsatility Index (PI) across peripartum period
Time frame: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Change in uterine artery Systolic/Diastolic Ratio across peripartum period
Time frame: Before delivery (after 37 weeks of gestation), during delivery (when in active labour or at the same day prior to a Caesarean delivery), and within 4 hours postpartum.
Correlating CEUS findings with uterine artery Doppler parameters within 4 hours postpartum
Time frame: Within 4 hours postpartum
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 22102536Collins SL, Birks JS, Stevenson GN, Papageorghiou AT, Noble JA, Impey L. Measurement of spiral artery jets: general principles and differences observed in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Aug;40(2):171-8. doi: 10.1002/uog.10149.
- Background: PubMed 29136193Roberts VHJ, Morgan TK, Bednarek P, Morita M, Burton GJ, Lo JO, Frias AE. Early first trimester uteroplacental flow and the progressive disintegration of spiral artery plugs: new insights from contrast-enhanced ultrasound and tissue histopathology. Hum Reprod. 2017 Dec 1;32(12):2382-2393. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dex301.
- Background: PubMed 36357252Li Q, Yang K, Ji Y, Liu H, Fei X, Zhang Y, Li J, Luo Y. Safety Analysis of Adverse Events of Ultrasound Contrast Agent Lumason/SonoVue in 49,100 Patients. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2023 Feb;49(2):454-459. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.09.014. Epub 2022 Nov 7.
- Background: PubMed 18270887Claudon M, Cosgrove D, Albrecht T, Bolondi L, Bosio M, Calliada F, Correas JM, Darge K, Dietrich C, D'Onofrio M, Evans DH, Filice C, Greiner L, Jager K, Jong Nd, Leen E, Lencioni R, Lindsell D, Martegani A, Meairs S, Nolsoe C, Piscaglia F, Ricci P, Seidel G, Skjoldbye B, Solbiati L, Thorelius L, Tranquart F, Weskott HP, Whittingham T. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) - update 2008. Ultraschall Med. 2008 Feb;29(1):28-44. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-963785. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 38914129Dassen S, Monen L, Oei G, Mischi M, van Laar J. Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasound using microbubbles in human pregnancy: A scoping review. Ultraschall Med. 2025 Jun;46(3):259-269. doi: 10.1055/a-2351-0747. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
- BackgroundEuropean Medicines Agency (EMA). SonoVue, INN-sulphur hexafluoride: EPAR - Product Information. EMA. Last updated: 05 June 2023. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/sonovue-epar-product-information_en.pdf
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. All participant will sign informed consent stating that all data will be used anonymously.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Loes Monen, Dr. contact
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing SonoVue (sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles) in people with Spiral Arteries and Uterine Artery Hemodynamics, run by Maxima Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Eveline Dekker, Drs (+3140 888 83 80, e.dekker@mmc.nl), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of participants with persisting spiral arteries detected by contrast enhanced ultrasound within 4 hours postpartum. (time frame: Within 4 hours postpartum). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07422181, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Feb 2026.