HIITNCT07395414
Effect of Different Work-to-rest Ratios During Simulated Taekwondo Combat on Blood Lactate, Heart Rate and Perceptual Responses in Elite Taekwondo Athletes
A study testing Free combat, 1:2 work to rest ratio and 2:1 work to rest ratio in people with HIIT, run by Kastamonu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized cross-over study measured physiological and perceptual responses of taekwondo athletes following a free combat and combats with different W:R ratios. This study was carried out with 4 visits. The first one included body composition measurements and familiarization to the sessions and measurements. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 26 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- HIIT
- What is being tested?
- Free combat, 1:2 work to rest ratio and 2:1 work to rest ratio
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 5 Mar 2023to 5 Jun 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 26 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- having at least brown belt,
- having at least 5 years of taekwondo experience,
- having no injuries for the last 6 months that prevent participating to trainings,
- competing at national championship and international tournaments during the last year
Who cannot join
- not having a brown belt,
- having less than 5 years of taekwondo experience,
- having injuries for the last 6 months that prevent participating to trainings,
- Not competing at national championship and international tournaments during the last year
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Kastamonu University Faculty of Sport Sciences Physiology Lab
Kastamonu
About this study
Official title: Randomized Cross-over Study
This randomized cross-over study measured physiological and perceptual responses of taekwondo athletes following a free combat and combats with different W:R ratios. This study was carried out with 4 visits. The first one included body composition measurements and familiarization to the sessions and measurements. During the rest 3 visit, athletes performed simulated combats free and with 1:2 (10 sec work and 20 sec rest), and 2:1 (20 sec work and 10 sec rest) W:R ratios. During all combat sessions, athletes heart rate (HR), blood lactate (bLA), and counter-movement jump performance (CMJ) were measured at rest and at the end of each combat. HR was also measured following each set. Athletes' rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and perceived muscle soreness (PMS) were measured immediately after each combat.
- Conditions
- HIIT
- Being tested
- Free combat, 1:2 work to rest ratio, 2:1 work to rest ratio
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Free combatOther
Athletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 minutes
1:2 work to rest ratioOther
Athletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 mins with 1:2 work to rest ratio (10 sec work and 20 sec rest)
2:1 work to rest ratioOther
Athletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 minutes with 2:1 work to rest ratio (20 second work and 10 second rest)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Visit 1 | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Free combat |
| Visit 2 | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: 1:2 work to rest ratio |
| Visit 3 | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: 2:1 work to rest ratio |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Lactate
Athletes' lactate levels immediately after the exercise
Measured: Immediately after each intervention
Heart rate
Athletes' heart rate responses
Measured: Before and immediately after each intervention
CMJ
Athletes' CMJ was measured before and after each exercise session.
Measured: Before and immediately after each intervention
Secondary outcomes (1)
RPE
Athletes' RPE was measured immediately after each exercise.
Measured: Immediately after each intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Feb 2026
- Study start5 Mar 2023
- Primary completion15 Apr 2023
- Study completion5 Jun 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIITStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kastamonu University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Bayram Ceylan, Kastamonu University
- Investigators
- Bayram Ceylan, PhD, Principal investigator, Kastamonu University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07395414
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2022-KAEK-12
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 9 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Bridge CA, Jones MA, Drust B. Physiological responses and perceived exertion during international Taekwondo competition. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2009 Dec;4(4):485-93. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.4.4.485.
PubMed 20029099Bouhlel E, Jouini A, Gmada N, Nefzi A, Ben Abdallah K, and Tabka Z. Heart rate and blood lactate responses during Taekwondo training and competition. Science & Sports 21: 285-290, 2006.
Celebi B, Ozturk F, Taskin HB, Ceylan B. Effect of different work-to-rest ratios during simulated taekwondo combat on blood lactate, heart rate and perceptual responses in elite taekwondo athletes: a randomized crossover trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Jun 8. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01786-7. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42260651
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Randomized Cross-over Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07395414
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2022-KAEK-12
- Conditions
- HIIT
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kastamonu UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Jun 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized cross-over study measured physiological and perceptual responses of taekwondo athletes following a free combat and combats with different W:R ratios. This study was carried out with 4 visits. The first one included body composition measurements and familiarization to the sessions and measurements. During the rest 3 visit, athletes performed simulated combats free and with 1:2 (10 sec work and 20 sec rest), and 2:1 (20 sec work and 10 sec rest) W:R ratios. During all combat sessions, athletes heart rate (HR), blood lactate (bLA), and counter-movement jump performance (CMJ) were measured at rest and at the end of each combat. HR was also measured following each set. Athletes' rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and perceived muscle soreness (PMS) were measured immediately after each combat.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Visit 1 | Experimental | Other: Free combat |
| Visit 2 | Experimental | Other: 1:2 work to rest ratio |
| Visit 3 | Experimental | Other: 2:1 work to rest ratio |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 26 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- having at least brown belt,
- having at least 5 years of taekwondo experience,
- having no injuries for the last 6 months that prevent participating to trainings,
- competing at national championship and international tournaments during the last year
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- not having a brown belt,
- having less than 5 years of taekwondo experience,
- having injuries for the last 6 months that prevent participating to trainings,
- Not competing at national championship and international tournaments during the last year
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Free combatAthletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 minutes | Other | Visit 1 |
| 1:2 work to rest ratioAthletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 mins with 1:2 work to rest ratio (10 sec work and 20 sec rest) | Other | Visit 2 |
| 2:1 work to rest ratioAthletes completed a taekwondo combat for 3 sets of 2 minutes with 2:1 work to rest ratio (20 second work and 10 second rest) | Other | Visit 3 |
Primary outcome
Lactate
Time frame: Immediately after each intervention
Athletes' lactate levels immediately after the exercise
Heart rate
Time frame: Before and immediately after each intervention
Athletes' heart rate responses
CMJ
Time frame: Before and immediately after each intervention
Athletes' CMJ was measured before and after each exercise session.
1 secondary outcome
RPE
Time frame: Immediately after each intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 20029099Bridge CA, Jones MA, Drust B. Physiological responses and perceived exertion during international Taekwondo competition. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2009 Dec;4(4):485-93. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.4.4.485.
- BackgroundBouhlel E, Jouini A, Gmada N, Nefzi A, Ben Abdallah K, and Tabka Z. Heart rate and blood lactate responses during Taekwondo training and competition. Science & Sports 21: 285-290, 2006.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42260651Celebi B, Ozturk F, Taskin HB, Ceylan B. Effect of different work-to-rest ratios during simulated taekwondo combat on blood lactate, heart rate and perceptual responses in elite taekwondo athletes: a randomized crossover trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Jun 8. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01786-7. Online ahead of print.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Bayram Ceylan, PhD principal investigator
Kastamonu University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Free combat, 1:2 work to rest ratio and 2:1 work to rest ratio in people with HIIT, run by Kastamonu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Lactate (time frame: Immediately after each intervention). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07395414, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Feb 2026.